Palma-Rivas, Nilda; Wentling, Rose Mary (1997). Current Status and Future Trends of Diversity Initiatives in the Workplace: Diversity Experts' Perspectives. Diversity in the Workforce Series Report #2. To obtain information on workplace diversity initiatives and programs, 12 diversity experts were interviewed. Participants identified organizational and individual barriers to the advancement of diverse groups in the workplace. The following factors were most likely to influence diversity in the workplace: demographic changes, global marketplace, economics, comfort with being different, a diverse customer base, and equal employment opportunity and affirmative action programs. Four major reasons why organizations manage diversity were as follows: to improve productivity and remain competitive, to form better work relationships among employees, to enhance social responsibility, and to address legal concerns. Best strategies for managing diversity were identified: training, organizational policies that mandate fairness and equity, mentoring programs, nondiscriminatory performance appraisal, outreach programs, and career development programs. Major goals of diversity training were to… [PDF]

(1979). Handbook of Selective Placement of Persons with Physical and Mental Handicaps in Federal Civil Service Employment. This handbook for the selective placement of persons with physical and mental handicaps in federal civil service employment consists of eleven sections. Topics covered in section 1 include affirmative action, nondiscrimination, reasonable accomodation, definition of the term handicapped, acceptable terminology, and program implementation. Section 2 examines the role of the agency coordinator in such areas as eliminating attitudinal and procedural barriers, recruiting handicapped applicants, modifying jobs and work sites, unpaid experience and special employment programs, employee orientation and follow-up, and career development. Section 3 contains similar material on the role of the rehabilitation counselor. Architectural and transportation barriers and special provisions for handicapped individuals (special testing, temporary trial appointments, excepted appointments, and certification procedures) are described in sections 4 and 5. The next five sections examine blindness and… [PDF]

Fullinwider, Robert K. (1980). The Reverse Discrimination Controversy. A Moral and Legal Analysis. This book has two principal aims: to clarify the topical and controversial issue of reverse discrimination and to reach some conclusions about the rights and wrongs involved in this issue. Focusing mainly on preferential hiring, the book explicitly and extensively addresses the law and the institutional context of the issues. Examination of the types of arguments used in defense of preferential hiring and of such concepts as compensatory justice, rights, social utility, distributive justice, and equal opportunity leads up to a detailed discussion of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Executive Order 11246 (1965), which established affirmative action programs. The book also examines the Supreme Court's approach to the \equal protection\ clause of the 14th Amendment and shows how the Court's doctrine can make room for constitutionally permissible uses of race, including racially preferential hiring. The final part of the book presents a moral theory of constitutional… [PDF]

Shanker, Albert (1978). Unions and the Academic Enterprise. Excerpts from magazine and newspaper interviews with the president of the American Federation of Teachers concerning unions and collective bargaining at colleges and universities are presented. Topics concern: professionalism and economic self-interest, unions and freedom of inquiry, merit pay, academic elitism, the political influence of college teachers, faculty participation in governance, defining university management, the shrinking academic job market, tenure under attack, productivity in education, unions and affirmative action, and the role of college members in the American Federation of Teachers. It is shown that collective bargaining has dealt with economic conditions and due process procedures and does not conflict with professionalism. Collective bargaining and a union protect academic freedom and promote fairness in faculty salaries rather than relying on subjective decisions. Faculty members could be a potent political force in higher education, which depends on the…

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(1978). On Campus with Women. Number 20. June 1978. The contents of this newsletter concern affirmative action and employment, education of women, women's studies, Title IX; medicine, sports, and international news. The following news items are included: increased part-time careers in academe, the status of women faculty in academe, new decisions on sex discrimination, HEW investigations of major universities, court requirements of equality in pensions, HERS Mid-Atlantic plans for research internships, revised dictionary of occupational titles eliminating sexist words, women graduate student's use of guidance and counseling services, enrollment of women in professional programs, older women and grades, women college trustees, women and technical and vocational careers, women's studies programs in 1977, HEW's data collection concerning women, a new publication for journalism students and teachers, resources for learning and teaching about women, violations of Title IX and loss of federal funds, Title IX and a private right to sue,…

Lopez, Thomas R. (1991). Some African American and Hispanic Voices from the University of Toledo. A Monograph. A project is described which sought to determine what minority group faculty members think about a variety of issues associated with life at The University of Toledo (Ohio). The project began by grappling with the issue of identifying who were members of selected minority groups. Interviews conducted with the faculty members covered many areas of interest: personnel, research, career advancement, university governance, social life, university goal of recruitment of "minority" group members, affirmative action, tolerance, climate for minority group students, university problems, and recommendations. The picture that emerged from the interviews is that African Americans and Hispanic faculty members feel a strong sense of alienation from the University and a corresponding sense of professional and personal isolation. Interviewees did not see the University as a tolerant place where diversity is positively valued. Respondents in the College of Education were particularly…

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McCarthy, Martha M. (1983). Discrimination in Public Employment: The Evolving Law. This monograph reviews the current status of constitutional, statutory, and case law governing public employers' obligations to assure equal employment opportunities and employees' rights to nondiscriminatory treatment. An initial overview of the legal framework discusses federal equal protection mandates including the guarantee of equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment, the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment, and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Judicial criteria used to assess claims of employment discrimination are described. Subsequent sections summarize major judicial decisions interpreting these provisions in cases alleging employment discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, religion, handicap, or age. Topics of racial discrimination law addressed in detail are hiring and promotion practices, staff reductions, affirmative action, and reverse discrimination. Major concerns of the sex discrimination discussion are conditions of…

(1979). Post-Bakke Policy Conferences of Administrators of High-Demand Academic Programs. Reports of Eleven Conferences Held September 1978-February 1979. Information on eleven conferences focusing on post-Bakke policy and sponsored by the American Council on Education for administrators of high-demand programs is presented. An introductory report by Todd Furniss ("Professional Education After Bakke") discusses the rationale for the conferences and examines some of the implications for post-Bakke policy. Conference schedules, participants, materials, and summary reports are included for conferences held at Harvard University, University of Michigan, California Institute of Technology, University of North Carolina, Wellesley College, and Northwestern University. The conferences were held between September 1978 and February 1979 throughout the country and emphasized affirmative action in graduate programs in law, education, business, veterinary medicine, dentistry, and medicine. One conference was held on undergraduate programs. Five papers that were specially prepared for the conference are included. These are: "Bakke…

Ards, Sheila; Ratliff, Charles A.; Rawlings, Howard P.; Sherman, Jane (1997). State Strategies To Address Diversity and Enhance Equity in Higher Education. The three case studies in this report describe state-level efforts to address diversity and equity in postsecondary institutions in California, Maryland, and Washington. A preface provides some background on affirmative action programs, litigation history, and the roles of state coordinating agencies and institutional governing boards. The California case study titled, "Planning for Growth and Diversity in California" (Charles A. Ratliff), reviews the history of the state's public higher education policy, and discusses its demographic growth, the fiscal constraints on enrollment, its long-term commitment to educational opportunities, problems of access and diversity, future actions, and evaluation methods. The text is augmented by five displays. "Developing New Strategies for Enhancing Access to College in Maryland" (Howard P. Rawlings and Sheila Ards) reviews the history of Maryland's formerly segregated public higher education system, notes current policies and… [PDF]

Frank, Frederick P.; Mackett-Frank, Muriel (1980). Vocational Education Administration: A Case Study Approach to Competency Development. A New Opportunities in Vocational Education Project Supplemental Report. Since 1976, a special training program in educational administration for persons with a professional background in vocational education has been conducted at Northern Illinois University. This program is known as the New Opportunities in Vocational Education Project and has an affirmative action emphasis. This supplemental report of the project contains cases to be analyzed as a strategy for providing administrative training. Each case included in the book is based on situations which have been identified as "real" or "typical" by practicing vocational education administrators in Illinois. The different sets of background information, which are suggested for use in connection with the cases, include a diverse array of possible administrative positions, administrator characteristics, interfacing roles, and organizational settings and characteristics. The casebook includes a suggested format for dealing with each case, including guides for selecting the different…

Jones, Mary Lynne (1997). Intercultural Programs Program Evaluation. The report evaluates the programs of the Des Moines (Iowa) Public Schools' Office of Intercultural Programs' services. The programs are designed to provide educational equity and serve as a resource for students, parents, community, and staff in a variety of areas, including: a voluntary transfer program; paired and magnet schools; extended day kindergarten; English as a Second Language and bilingual education; minority and bilingual community liaisons; multicultural, non-sexist education; cross-cultural awareness training; minority achievement; affirmative action; discrimination compliance; and sexual harassment training. The Office provides leadership, guidance, training, and support to its constituencies; works toward program enhancement and external funding for programs; and has established a partnership with the National Coalition of Advocates for Students. It developed a process for examining the district's desegregation efforts, worked in conjunction with building personnel… [PDF]

Ford, Karen; Hinely, Reg; Leavell, Alexandra G. (2000). Education in Edge City: Cases for Reflection and Action. Second Edition. This book offers a collection of cases that provide preservice teachers with opportunities for realistic decision making. It describes a hypothetical city (Edge City), residential communities, a school district, and school buildings, and within this setting, students, teachers, administrators, parents, and board members are all introduced and portrayed. Preservice teachers are asked to step into their shoes to solve their problems. The book's four parts include: (1) \Context\ (a description of the school and discussion of affirmative action); (2) \Instruction and Classroom Management\ (instructional decision making, grading and evaluation, classroom environment, special needs students, embracing diversity, and cheating); (3) \Issues in Education\ (sexism; socioeconomic, ethnic, and cultural differences; religion in the schools; and student rights and responsibilities); and (4) \Finance, Organization, and Governance\ (school finance, professionalism and control of schools, the school…

Johnson, Beth (1989). Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. Bibliography No. 17. This bibliography is an annual accounting of current state-of-the-art research and writings on collective bargaining in higher education and the professions. Sources include books, monographs, dissertations, journals, periodicals, speeches and newspaper articles. In "Part I–Faculty Bibliography" the following topics are covered: academic freedom, administration, affirmative action, AIDS in the work place, arbitration and mediation, collective bargaining, collective bargaining-Canada, community colleges, comparable worth, computers, contracts and contract issues, discipline and dismissal, discrimination, drug testing, elections, ethics, evaluation, excellence, faculty, faculty organizations, financial exigency, fiscal issues, fringe benefits, governance, grievance procedures, higher education, legal issues, legislation, librarians (academic), long-range planning, merit pay, National Labor Relations Board, non-faculty, part-time faculty, personnel administration, public…

Powley, Sherry; Schaffert, Tim (2000). Pathways to Career Success for Minorities: A Resource Guide to Colleges, Financial Aid, and Work. This book contains 10 essays and a directory of financial aid, organizations, and additional information that minority students and employees can use to find sources of funding for further education and career advancement. The 10 essays cover the following topics: (1) general minority work issues; (2) introduction to financial aid; (3) minorities in media; (4) mentors; (5) technology in the workplace; (6) workplace diversity; (7) minority groups and affirmative action policies; (8) legal rights and recourse; (9) minorities in the arts; and (10) starting your own business. The first section of the directory provides information on hundreds of financial aid opportunities, including fellowships, grants, loans, awards, scholarships, and internships/career guidance opportunities. The second section lists and describes professional organizations, minority colleges, fraternities and sororities, and other groups that assist individuals in the pursuit of career education and community. The…

Kaplan, Matthew L. (2006). Getting Religion in the Public Research University. Academe, v92 n4 p41-45 Jul-Aug. In this article, the author states that The University of Michigan has been at the forefront of efforts to create a campus learning environment in which all students, faculty, and staff feel respected and valued. In two widely publicized cases decided in 2003, the university defended its affirmative action policies before the U.S. Supreme Court on the premise that racial and ethnic diversity contributes significantly to student learning and prepares students for life in a diverse democracy. Recent developments involving higher education and religion have made it clear that religious diversity is equally important for student learning. Last January, they received a grant from the Ford Foundation, as part of its Difficult Dialogue initiative, to help them create an environment on campus in which religious difference is seen as an opportunity for study and exchange, rather than a source of silence, animosity, or fear. The grant period runs through February 2008. Furthermore, the author… [Direct]

Buck, Lawrence S. (1980). Adverse Impact: Issues and Implications. Testing practices have come under considerable scrutiny and criticism in recent years. Testing practices in the Federal government have certainly not been immune from this movement as the use of standardized written tests for selection purposes has been increasingly under attack. The most recent attacks have focused on implications or findings of adverse impact in broadband examinations. Broadband examinations are used in many hiring situations where persons may apply for up to 100 occupations in a single examination. The elimination of all such tests has been advocated on many fronts with a movement towards the use of alternative selection procedures designed to reduce or eliminate adverse impact. Adverse impact is a key term in the selection area and a term that has and will continue to have serious repercussions for the Federal government as well as the private sector. This report discusses issues relevant to the adverse impact concept including definitions of terms, Uniform…

Polowy, Carolyn I. (1975). Collective Bargaining and Discrimination Issues in Higher Education. Special Report #23. The increased intensity of antidiscrimination enforcement measures has caused colleges and universities to reassess their operational procedures affecting students and employees. In recent months it has become clear that the powerful forces of antidiscrimination and collective bargaining intersect at a number of critical points that need clarification, understanding, and a deep desire to find equitable solutions to the legitimate concerns of each party. This document lists suggestions for handling problems that may arise during the several phases of collective bargaining. Listed are suggestions concerning: (1) election campaigns; (2) current policies and practices; (3) membership on bargaining; (4) \good faith bargaining\; (5) preamble to the contract; (6) appointments, tenure, and promotion; (7) college calendar; (8) grievance procedures; (9) leaves of absence and health benefits; (10) nondiscrimination clauses; (11) general working conditions; (12) part-time faculty; (13) past… [PDF]

(1988). Planning for and Working in America: Report of a National Survey. A survey was conducted by the Gallup Organization to determine how workers plan and prepare for work and what conditions and activities influence worker performance in the United States. Telephone interviews were conducted with a cross-section of 1,006 adults, 735 of whom were employed outside the home. The survey found that many workers are changing or expect to change jobs. Problems in the workplace seem to be the underlying factors related to job change. Poor planning may also account for career change, showing an overwhelming need for student and worker assistance in career planning and use of information. The study showed a lack of such resources and/or a failure of persons, especially minorities, to use the career planning resources that were available. The survey also showed that a large number of minorities still believe that discrimination is a barrier, and requests for employees to perform illegal or unethical activities are a major concern. As a result of the study, nine…

Linthicum, Dorothy S. (1989). The Dry Pipeline: Increasing the Flow of Minority Faculty. Drawing from a review of the literature and a survey of state directors of community college education nationwide, this report highlights innovative ideas and programs used by colleges and states to increase the number of minority faculty at community colleges. Introductory sections describe the purposes and methods of a 1988 study of minority faculty at two-year colleges, institutional and state efforts and long-range plans to recruit minority faculty, and cooperative relationships with graduate schools and professional associations. The next section reviews data on minority underrepresentation on college faculties across the nation, their concentration in lower-level and untenured positions, and wide variations among institutions and states. After a brief review of data on minority participation and degree attainment in higher education, the report lists a number of short- and long-range strategies that have been implemented by individual colleges and states. A descriptive… [PDF]

(1976). National Apprenticeship and Training Standards for Glaziers and Glassworkers. Revised. Intended to provide a uniform pattern for use by employers and labor representatives in setting up and operating effective apprenticeship programs for glaziers and glassworkers, guidelines are listed under the following headings: Definitions, qualifications for apprenticeship, selection of apprentices, term of apprenticeship, related instruction, ratio of apprentices to journeymen, apprenticeship agreement, probationary period, apprentices' wages, credit for previous experience, hours of work, supervision of apprentices, coordinator of apprenticeship, consultants, accident prevention, adjusting differences, work experience, certificate of completion, and modification. Guidelines are also provided for adapting the national standards to local use. These include suggestions on formation of a local joint apprenticeship committee, duties of local committees, responsibilities of apprentices, and assistance from cooperating agencies. Federal laws and regulations affecting the employment… [PDF]

Anderson, Gregory M. (2005). In the Name of Diversity: Education and the Commoditization and Consumption of Race in the United States. Urban Review: Issues and Ideas in Public Education, v37 n5 p399-423 Dec. In exploring the relationship between cultural capital, symbolic violence and the diversification of the curriculum the notion of commoditization of race in higher education is developed. The term first and foremost emphasizes how students from "disadvantaged" racialized communities remain significantly underrepresented at selective universities and colleges. Commoditization of race in higher education is also concerned with the potentially unequal terms of exchange between racialized communities, whose experiences and collective struggles are increasingly embodied in novels, poetry, non-fictional works, ethnographies, academic discourses, and programs of study, and the educational benefits associated with diversity at 4-year institutions accorded predominantly to white student bodies. In doing so, the paper demonstrates that race-based segregation initiated at the neighborhood and public school levels continues to inhibit racialized students from receiving quality higher… [Direct]

Morrison, James L. (1989). The Alternative Futures Approach to Planning: Implications for Institutional Research Offices. A method for college planning using alternative futures scenarios is explained, and a case study is used to illustrate its use in institutional research. The alternative futures approach addresses the uncertainty associated with strategic decision making. It differs from the traditional long-range planning models based on a single set of environmental assumptions about the future by recognizing that the future is subject to modification by a wide range of possible events with some probability of occurrence. In the model, the issues or concerns that may require attention are identified through environmental scanning, and defined in terms of trends or events. Univariate forecasts of trends and events are generated and interrelated through cross-impact analysis. The most likely future is written in scenario format, and alternative scenarios are generated by computer from the cross-impact matrix. In turn, these scenarios stimulate development of appropriate policies, which are analyzed… [PDF]

Heilos, Lawrence J.; And Others (1981). University of South Florida Libraries Search Committee Procedure Handbook. This handbook of procedures developed by the Committee on Professional Concerns (COPC) of the University of South Florida (USF) describes the process to be used in recruiting and hiring qualified candidates for positions on the USF library faculty. The publication is divided into six sections: (1) information on the USF equal employment opportunity program; (2) delineation of the composition of library recruitment search committees and committee service requirements; (3) an outline of search committee procedures for advertising positions, preserving applicant records, handling applications, selecting interviewees, organizing and conducting day-long interview/visits, and making recommendations on candidate selection; (4) description of post-recommendation procedures including final recruitment decisions and notification of successful and unsuccessful candidates; (5) discussion of reimbursement of candidate interview expenses; and (6) hints and comments from previous search…

(1972). Higher Education Public Service Responsibilities in the Black Community. The public service role (PSR) of the University of Illinois and Parkland College in the black community of Champaign-Urbana was studied in a project funded under Title I of the Higher Education Act of 1965, channeled through the Illinois Board of Higher Education. As a pilot project, PSR explored current public service efforts by higher education in the local black community, efforts being made by community service offices of other Illinois institutions of higher education, and, most importantly, local black community perception of current and future activities in the community. The results were obtained by a series of three surveys and a conference of local black community residents and black personnel at the two institutions. Some major findings were that: (1) the black community has a low level of familiarity with existing public service efforts of the two educational institutions; (2) an information center would be utilized by black community residents; (3) community and… [PDF]

(1981). Collective Bargaining Agreement between American Association of University Professors, Eastern Montana College, and the Montana University System, July 1, 1981-June 30, 1985. The collective bargaining agreement between the Montana University System and the Eastern Montana College Chapter (140 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1981-June 30, 1985 is presented. Items covered are: definitions, nondiscrimination and affirmative action, unit recognition and determination, AAUP security, information and data, union use of facilities, release time, rights and responsibilities of students, student grievance procedure, faculty evaluation by students, management rights, academic freedom and responsibilities, shared governance, faculty-administration committee, academic council, academic senate, tenure and promotion in rank, tenure criteria, rank and tenure appeals process, termination for cause, retrenchment, tenure and appointment practice, appointment of adjunct faculty, department chairs and area coordinators, hiring procedures, class and course assignment, conflict of interest, patents and… [PDF]

(1986). The Challenge of Change: A Reassessment of the California Community Colleges. Pursuant to legislative mandate, this report presents the results of the Commission for the Review of the Master Plan for Higher Education's reassessment of California Community Colleges (CCCs). Section 1 provides introductory material highlighting the CCC changes which the Commission believes to be necessary to achieve the goals of universal access, individual success, and educational quality and accountability. The next five sections offer discussions and recommendations concerning: (1) access and success; (2) mission and functions, including transfer education, vocational education, remediation, adult education, community service, and institutional research and evaluation; (3) faculty and administrators, including credentials, recruitment, affirmative action, part-time faculty, tenure, compensation, collective bargaining, and professional development; (4) governance, including the Board of Governors, district organization and management, district governing boards, and campus…

Thomas, Gail E. (1979). Black Youth and the Labor Market: The Unemployment Dilemma. This paper examines the current problem of black youth unemployment from a theoretical perspective. Traditional sociological and economic theories applicable to the problems of unemployment and occupational and status achievement are initially reviewed along with empirical studies that have examined some of the major propositions of these theories. Next, the concept of \sponsorship mobility\ formulated by Ralph Turner (1970) is utilized and elaborated as a policy approach to dealing with the problem of black and disadvantaged minority youth unemployment. The major hypothesis advanced and that forms the basis of the policy approach suggested is that an improvement in employment opportunity for black and other disadvantaged youth can be facilitated through the establishment of functional support systems and sponsorship groups that effectively mediate the relationship between disadvantaged youth and the employment structure. Various strategies for formulating support systems and… [PDF]