Maolain, Ciaran O.; Smith, Alan (2004). Challenging Intolerance. New Directions for Youth Development, n102 p95-108 Sum. Social identity is multilayered and complex. Schools, communities, and nations can implement structures and approaches that help youth to understand one another and respect differences. (Contains 5 notes.)… [Direct]

Reddie, Anthony G. (2003). Developing a Black Christian Education of Liberation for the British Context. Religious Education, v98 n2 p221-238. This article details the work of the Birmingham Initiative, a Methodist inspired, ecumenical research project that operated in Birmingham, in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom between 1995 and 1999. As the Christian Education Development Officer employed by this project, the author undertook doctoral research among twenty-six inner-city, Black majority churches from Methodist, Baptist Anglican, and Reformed Church traditions. One of the central aims of the research was to create the first African-centered Black Christian Education of Liberation for the British context. The major outcome of this research was the creation of the first practical Black Christian education curriculum in Britain, entitled "Growing into Hope". (Contains 1 footnote.)… [Direct]

Mansson, Niclas; Safstrom, Carl Anders (2004). The Limits of Socialisation. Interchange: A Quarterly Review of Education, v35 n3 p353-364 Sep. The article deals with the question of living with others, one of the most significant relationships of human life, and challenge the common understanding of the origins of living with others, where a human being is not just becoming a social but also a moral being through social institutions of societies. This common understanding of a social relationship, fostered and nurtured by a given society, places the responsibility for the possibility of living with others on the other. Drawing on the work from the sociologists Zygmunt Bauman and George Simmel and the philosophers Emmanuel Levinas and Knud Logstrup we argue that the possibility of living with others is based on the rights of the other rather than of the rights to determine whom the other is. By focusing on the relation between the individual and the society on the one hand, and the connections between being moral and being social on the other hand, we suggest that the process of socialisation is devastating not only for… [Direct]

Hawke, Sharryl (1974). A Human Rights Curriculum. Profiles of Promise 30. At Northport High School, New York, the subject of human rights is dealt with in a tenth grade European Cultures Studies course. The ten week unit treats the concept of human rights as well as historical and current cases focusing on basic liberties. As students study the individual cases involving human rights, they delve into the political and social background of the country involved. Students compare similar situations in history and literature and further explore issues in small group discussions of readings. Each student is required to write a thought or reaction paper as the culminating unit activity. To add a personal experience dimension to the curriculum, extensive use is made of resource speakers including political and governmental experts, representatives from social action and religious groups, and local teachers. Student involvement takes the form of school-wide programs and displays, taped interviews and correspondence with experts in the field, participation in… [PDF]

Mertz, Gayle (1997). Fair Trials and Free Press. Student Forum. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 p49-52 Spr. Outlines a role play that highlights the potential conflict between freedom of the press and the rights of defendants and victims. Students assume the roles of representative characters (police chief, newspaper editor) in a small town where a sensational murder has occurred. They also conduct a class discussion. (MJP)…

Magendzo, Abraham (1994). Tensions and Dilemmas about Education in Human Rights in Democracy. Journal of Moral Education, v23 n3 p251-59. Asserts that incorporating human rights issues into the curriculum causes tensions, especially in nations with histories of military dictatorships. Describes human rights education in Chile and other Latin American nations. Discusses whether human rights should be a separate curriculum subject or integrated into all courses. (CFR)…

Weeks, J. Devereux (1992). Student Rights under the Constitution: Selected Federal Decisions Affecting the Public School Community. Public school principals and teachers have a compelling need to understand student rights when teaching constitutional principles that apply to students. This book seeks to help both students and educators understand those rights. The work concerns itself with the fundamental federal constitutional rights of public school students. A study of the subject can help: (1) ensure that students' rights are recognized; (2) educate the young for citizenship; and (3) educate teachers and administrators about possible violations of students' rights. The book addresses the subjects of corporal punishment, freedom of expression, religion, search and seizure, possession of contraband, drug testing, personal appearance, and due process in the wake of suspension or expulsion. Leading cases and relevant statutes in the subject areas discussed are cited in chapter endnotes. (LBG)…

McEvoy, Mary, Ed.; Vandercook, Terri, Ed. (1991). Inclusive Education (Preschool-1st Grade [and] K-12). Feature Issues. IMPACT, v4 n2-3 Sum 1991-Fall. These two theme issues of \Impact\ discuss inclusive education for children with disabilities at the preschool to first grade level and at the kindergarten to grade 12 level respectively. The articles present different ways that families and professionals include children with and without disabilities in educational and child care settings, with the common element in their success coming largely through collaboration among many people and agencies. The articles include: \Early Education: Which Path to Inclusion?\ (Mary A. McEvoy and others); \The Struggle, the Reward: Two Families' Experiences with Inclusion\ (Debra Carroll and others); \Infants, Toddlers, and the Integrated Community\ (Linda Kjerland); \Early Intervention in Day Care Settings\ (Mary Beth Bruder); \Integration: A Cooperative Effort\ (Betty Kasel); \Social Interaction Training for Young Children with Disabilities\ (Richard J. Spicuzza); \Staff Training for Inclusion\ (Dennis J. Sykes); \Integration in Early Childhood… [PDF]

McAfee, James K.; Mitruski, Megan; Schwilk, Christopher (2006). Public Policy on Physical Restraint of Children with Disabilities in Public Schools. Education and Treatment of Children, v29 n4 p711-728 Nov. The US Constitution, federal and state legislatures, courts, and regulations permit physical restraint for both therapeutic (i.e., behavior change) and risk prevention purposes. Although most venues limit restraint as punishment, no government entity prohibits use of physical restraint as a response to imminent danger. This paper provides a comprehensive view of public policy of the most common form of restraint- an educator using his or her body to limit movement of a student so as to reduce risk of harm during an episode of dangerous behavior. Such restraint has been upheld by courts and requires quick decisions following careful training of educators. The intent of this paper is to provide a policy framework within which public educators (administrators, teachers and others) may develop specific practices to protect themselves and others from injury and legal action. Discussion concludes with recommendations for policies and procedures. (Contains 2 tables.)… [Direct]

Glasgow, Jacqueline N., Ed.; Rice, Linda J., Ed. (2007). Exploring African Life and Literature: Novel Guides to Promote Socially Responsive Learning. International Reading Association (NJ3) In today's interconnected and global society, socially responsive learning is an integral part of educational excellence. This book encourages socially responsive learning by showing the reader how to use traditional African folk tales and quality children's books, young adult novels, classic literature, and film media about Africa as the mode for examining diversity, equity, and human rights issues in high school and university classrooms. Each Novel Guide chapter in this unique and remarkable resource offers the following features to provoke critical thinking and challenge students to become socially responsive learners: (1) An overview of the novels and activities how those activities are aligned with standards; (2) An exploration of each novel's social and historical context; (3) About the author descriptions and plot summaries; (4) "Making Connections" question sets; (5) A critical exploration of themes; (6) "Teacher Talk" questioning strategies; (7)… [Direct]

Walenta, Brian T. (1995). Search and Seizure: Students Rights vs. the School. Focusing on current United States Supreme Court decisions affecting the searching of students in school, this report also briefly examines the evolution of the right to education and student freedom of speech. Regarding search and seizure, since 1985 the Court has maintained that school officials are not exempt from the restrictions of the Fourth Amendment. While the Court argued that students have a right to expect privacy in the school, it also recognized that school officials have the responsibility to insure a safe school environment. School officials do not need to have a search warrant prior to searching a student, but may conduct a search on the basis of reasonable suspicion. This is a lower standard than probable cause, necessary for police searches. Confusion arises when school searches may result in not only school punishment, but also criminal prosecution. When school officials believe criminal proceedings may follow a planned search, the higher standard of probable cause… [PDF]

Denniston, Dorothy L. (1977). Sable Queens in Bondage: Reading, Independent Study, and Research on the American Slave Narrative. This paper examines the scope and historical significance of biographies and autobiographies of ex-slaves. The document focuses primarily on accounts of black women published from 1820-1860, but also discusses several narratives from colonial times. Exploits of famous women slaves including Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth are analyzed along with accounts of lesser-known black women who made major contributions to black kinship and cultural ties. Primary sources such as \Twelve Years a Slave,\ by Solomon Northrup, and \Aunt Sally: The Cross Way of Freedom,\ author unknown, characterize the conflicting roles played by black women in plantation life. Roles included mother, wife, sister, aunt, grandmother, family member, propagator of the black race, field laborer, domestic slave, transmitter of values to black children, and concubine to white slave owners. The body of slave narratives reveals a cross-section of relatively contented, well-treated and cooperative slaves and bitterly…

Rabe, Stephen G. (1995). John F. Kennedy and Constitutionalism, Democracy and Human Rights in Latin America: Promise and Performance. New England Journal of History, v52 n2 p38-57 Fall. Summarizes the sometimes confusing and contradictory efforts of the John F. Kennedy administration to encourage the development of democratic political processes in Latin America. Although sincere, Kennedy's efforts often were stymied by resistance from the local power structure and his own Central Intelligence Agency. Eventually, anti-communist considerations dominated the Latin American policy. (MJP)…

Michaud, Mike; And Others (1997). Celebrate Your Freedom! May 1, Law Day 1997. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 pA1-A12 Spr. Presents seven brief articles on legal issues concerning young people. Addresses such topics as curfews, teen smoking, dress codes, and child labor. Some articles are student-written while others profile student activity. Student authors include Mike Michaud, Danny Rosen, Carrie Kendrick, and William Hansen. (MJP)…

Clifford, Amie L. (1997). Death Penalty in America. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 p42-45 Spr. Examines the legal and moral issues, controversies, and unique trial procedures involved with the death penalty. Discusses the 1972 landmark Supreme Court decision that resulted in many states abolishing this punishment, only to reintroduce it later with different provisions. Reviews the controversial case of Sam Sheppard. (MJP)…

Wilson, Richard J. (1997). Legal Careers in Criminal Justice. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 p46-48 Spr. Considers the broad range of jobs in law enforcement, the courts, and the correctional systems. Discusses the various paths of education and training leading to these jobs, the most preeminent being law school. Considers opportunities in growing fields such as international criminal law. (MJP)…

Banton, Michael (1996). The International Oversight of Ethnic Relations. American Behavioral Scientist, v40 n1 p86-101 Sep. Discusses the lessons that can be drawn from the attempted implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD). Examines the role of ICERD in Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Burundi. Assesses those situations and states where ICERD was most and least effective. (MJP)…

Wilson, Margaret Bush (1994). Brown v. Board of Education: A Pictorial History of Public School Desegregation. Update on Law-Related Education, v18 n2 p32-38 Spr. Examines the U.S. Supreme Court "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka" decision and its impact on education and national history. Includes 16 photographs representing various aspects of the history of public school desegregation. (CFR)…

Patrick, John J. (1991). Rights and Liberties at Risk. Update on Law-Related Education, v15 n1 p3-5,44-45 Win. Reaffirms the importance of civic education and active learning about the Bill of Rights and attendant civic responsibilities. Identifies four categories of knowledge deficiencies about the Bill of Rights. Explores four key ways to improve teaching and learning about the Bill of Rights. Stresses connections between civic knowledge and the vitality of liberty. (CH)…

(1994). Recruitment, Admissions, and Students with Disabilities: A Guide for Compliance with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and Amendments of 1992 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Third Edition. The third edition of this guide on serving postsecondary students with disabilities reflects the language of the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as well as that of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. An introduction briefly describes both the ADA and Section 504 regulations, noting their close coordination. A section on persons to whom the law applies presents the definition of a handicapped person under Section 504 and an opinion of the Attorney General on the inclusion of alcoholics and drug addicts. The bulk of the guide considers how the law applies to various college admissions activities, including: (1) recruitment, (2) publications, (3) application forms and related topics, (4) admissions tests, (5) financial aid, (6) orientation, and (7) registration. Information provided for each area includes regulation, clarification, what is imperative, and suggested activities. A checklist for development of recruitment and admissions policies and practices by… [PDF]

Brylinsky, Jody (1994). Diffusing of Gender Equity in Sport: Using Innovation vs. Compliance. This paper examines how treating equity conflicts in sports through an emphasis on compliance with Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 has actually hindered the mass adoption of gender equity in sport and proposes that applying the principles of diffusion would allow desired change to occur as an innovation and therefore be more readily accepted. The nature of such a paradigm shift is considered and support is offered for the perceived failure of the compliance approach due to violation of such theoretical principles as obtaining the understanding and support of administrators and providing real consequences for not changing behaviors. Societal reasons for the unacceptability of the compliance approach are identified, such as the need for the innovative idea to demonstrate an advantage and social support of the idea. In contrast, changing the paradigm to that of innovation is seen in terms of commonly accepted equity principles. Possible system failure points for… [PDF]

Brandt, Bonnie Biel (1995). Employment Power: An Employer Awareness & Training Program. Facilitator Manual [and] Participant Manual. This training package includes a Facilitator Manual and a Participant Manual designed to provide information and instructional tools necessary to train Guam employers on awareness and skills related to the successful employment of individuals with disabilities. Module 1 dispels misconceptions and stereotypes related to disabilities. Attitudes and values which support and enhance inclusion and acceptance of persons with disabilities are presented, as well as appropriate language and terminology. Participants are provided with overviews of disabilities and practical suggestions for ways to work with persons who experience various disabling conditions. Module 2 provides information on local and federal laws and regulations related to employing persons with disabilities, particularly provisions of Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Module 3 presents practical ideas and strategies to successfully employ persons with disabilities, including developing effective recruitment… [PDF]

(1995). Women's Education & Fertility Behaviour: Recent Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys. This study is part of an ongoing research program concerned with the linkages between women's status and fertility. Among the various dimensions of women's status, education deserves special attention, since it largely conditions the quality of women's lives and is highly susceptible to improvement through policy intervention. Although women's education should be promoted primarily on human rights and social justice grounds, it is widely recognized as one of the most promising catalysts of sustained fertility decline. Knowledge on the casual linkages between education and fertility can hence serve as a valuable policy instrument in the context of development planning. This report is a follow-up to an earlier United Nations study in the late 1980s and updates existing knowledge on the direct and indirect linkages between women's education and fertility. The contents of this study include: (1) Introduction; (2) "Data and Methodology"; (3) "Women's Education: Levels and…

Layman, Nancy S. (1994). Sexual Harassment in American Secondary Schools: A Legal Guide for Administrators, Teachers and Students. The purpose of this book is to familiarize middle and high school administrators, teachers, and students with the laws concerning sexual harassment and strategies for dealing with it. The book can also help educators avoid liability for sexual harassment. Part 1 defines sexual harassment and emphasizes that men and women may perceive the same behavior in different ways. It also discusses the effects of sexual harassment and suggests appropriate behavior in the school setting. Part 2 explains laws applicable to sexual harassment–federal, civil, and criminal–and the liability that schools and individuals may incur for disregarding the laws. The third part discusses preventive measures that schools must take to comply with federal laws, as well as other optional measures. Suggestions for dealing with incidents of sexually harassing behavior and steps for preventing recurrence are offered in part 4. Finally, the appendices contain a list of selected resources, names and addresses of…

Kaufman, Hattie E. (1991). Access to Institutions of Higher Education for Students with Disabilities. This brochure addresses federal laws, regulations, and litigation that dictate how colleges and universities must accommodate the needs of students with disabilities. Emphasis is on the Americans with Disabilities Act and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504. A summary of the laws' definitions of "handicap" or "disability" reviews litigation concerning the importance of the perception of handicap or disability and special problems with the conditions of drug and alcohol addiction. Requirements for federally assisted programs and activities are noted. Consideration is then given to specific student issues including admissions, adjustments to the academic program, auxiliary aids, student housing, financial aid, student employment, career counseling, placement, physical education and athletics, and health care and health insurance. Other aspects summarized include requirements for physical accessibility and transportation systems. Attached are a checklist of…

Podell, Sara (1992). Confronting the Crisis in the Criminal Justice System. Technical Assistance Bulletin No. 5. Experts agree that the U.S. criminal justice system faces a crisis, yet there is a broad range of views as to its sources, consequences, and solutions. There seems to be a public perception that the individual rights guaranteed accused criminals by the U.S. Constitution prevents the criminal justice system from functioning properly. It is generally accepted among persons involved in the legal system, however, that constitutional rights are not undermining the system. Most experts believe that one of the greatest challenges facing the criminal justice system is the nation's illegal drug problem. Yet there is much disagreement as to how much attention and spending should be devoted to law enforcement as opposed to education. One inescapable fact is that a lack of funds has weakened the justice system. Prosecutors, public defense attorneys, and courts are overwhelmed and generally underpaid. Jails and prisons are terribly overcrowded. Many experts feel that it is important that the… [PDF]

Blanck, Peter David (1994). Communicating the Americans with Disabilities Act. Transcending Compliance: A Case Report on Sears, Roebuck and Co. This report examines the employment practices of Sears, Roebuck and Company, before and after the implementation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). By studying the corporate behavior of Sears, which employs an estimated 20,000 people with disabilities, the report attempts to stimulate discussion of the communication issues that Sears and other companies face regarding ADA implementation and identify the implications of Sears' ADA-related experiences, policies, and philosophy for other companies as they attempt to meet and transcend ADA compliance. The following implications are drawn from Sears' experiences: (1) the impact of the ADA on American business is evolutionary, not revolutionary; (2) universal design and access, not retrofitted technology, fulfill the objective of including people with and without disabilities in productive work force participation; (3) education of management about the ADA and capabilities of people with disabilities must not be based on… [PDF]

Dewart, Janet, Ed. (1990). The State of Black America 1990. This report, the 15th in a series, contains papers by 10 outstanding scholars concerning the state of black America in 1990; it concludes that while many African Americans have made significant economic and political gains, half of the black population is still mired in poverty, joblessness, and hardship caused by racial discrimination. The convergence of such factors as the end of the Cold War, the realignment of the global economy, and the changing demographics of the nation's work force have created conditions in which the moral imperative to close the racial gap is also an economic imperative. Racial parity should be the national goal for the next decade, including dismantling remaining discriminatory barriers and investing in programs that help make people independent earners in a high technology economy. The 10 papers, which are preceded by brief biographies of the contributors and by an introductory overview, "Black America, 1989," by National Urban League president…

(1997). World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons. Third Review and Appraisal. Disabled Persons Bulletin, n3 p1-11. At its 52nd session, the United Nations General Assembly considered the report of the Secretary-General on the review and appraisal of the World Programme of Action concerning Disabled People, and 44 governments sponsored a draft resolution of further action. The draft was adopted by the Assembly on December 12, 1997. The resolution includes the following recommendations, which: (1) encourage governments and the non-governmental community to examine key social and economic policy issues related to the equalization of opportunities for persons with disabilities; (2) urge governments to cooperate with the Statistics Division of the Secretariat in the continued development of global statistics and indicators; (3) urge relevant bodies and organizations of the United Nations' system to work together in the promotion of the rights of person with disabilities by sharing experiences and findings on disability issues; (4) invite governments, non-governmental organizations, and the private… [PDF]

Gottlieb, Stephen S. (1992). Teaching about the Constitutional Rights of Students. ERIC Digest. This ERIC digest presents a rationale for teaching students about their rights and responsibilities as citizens under the U.S. Constitution. Social studies teachers have a special role in shaping the lives of young citizens and influencing whether students become politically involved adults. Specific constitutional rights such as the right of a criminal suspect to legal representation and the bar on the imposition of cruel and unusual punishment are raised as important subjects for students to understand. Methods of teaching about these rights are suggested. Student rights and responsibilities under the U.S. Constitution also are discussed. (DB)… [PDF]