Loewen, James W. (1991). Teaching Race Relations from Feature Films. Teaching Sociology, v19 n1 p82-86 Jan. Teaches race relations to college students using visual materials. Uses three films, "Gone with the Wind,""Mississippi Burning," and "The White Dawn," to illustrate how films depict history inaccurately and to help students unlearn false images. Includes questions for classroom discussion of U.S. racist culture. (NL)…

Monk, Linda R. (1990). Democracy and Rights. Update on Law-Related Education, v14 n3 p9-11 Fall. Outlines activities designed to help students understand the conflicting and complementary relationships between a democratic government and individual rights. Topics include majority rule and minority rights conflicts; limitations placed on majority rule; the U.S. Bill of Rights; and whether protection of individual rights is necessary to good government. Includes two student handouts. (NL)…

Massey, Walter E. (1999). From Colored People to People of Color. Presidency, v2 n2 p14-21 Spr. The president of a historically black college provides his personal perspective on the evolution of race and affirmative action issues in higher education in the United States within the context of broader social change and activism. Continuing problems and successes in the movement toward cultural diversity in higher education are examined. (MSE)…

Isaacs, Madelyn L; Stone, Carolyn (1999). School Counselors and Confidentiality: Factors Affecting Professional Choices. Professional School Counseling, v2 n4 p258-66 Apr. Counselors who work with children regularly face the ethical dilemma of confidentiality for which there are few definitive answers. Confidentiality and Minors Questionnaire about managing student's confidential information was distributed to district guidance supervisors. It appears that counselors' judgment of what breaches confidentiality is determined in part by degree of dangerousness of perceived behavior, but ambivalence grows as students get older. (Author/JDM)…

McCarthy, Martha M.; Webb, L. Dean (2000). Legal Principles in Preventing and Responding to School Violence. NASSP Bulletin, v84 n614 p32-45 Mar. School administrators are challenged to maintain the delicate balance between protecting individuals' rights and ensuring the general welfare by maintaining a safe, secure learning environment. Legal principles and precedents governing restrictions on student appearance, privacy and procedural rights, harassment and hate crimes, and suicide are discussed. (Contains 50 references.) (MLH)…

O'Brien, Robert J. (1997). Persecution and Acceptance: The Strange History of Discrimination against Married Women Teachers in West Virginia. West Virginia History, v56 p56-75. In 1911, West Virginia teacher Hallie James was fired because she married. In 1914, the West Virginia Supreme Court ruled that marriage was not grounds for her contract revocation. Nevertheless, school boards continued to enforce policies discriminating against married women until 1943, and similar policies concerning pregnancy were enforced well into the 1960s. Includes a map, data table, and references. (TD)…

Garcia, Ofelia (1993). From Goya Portraits to Goya Beans: Elite Traditions and Popular Streams in U.S. Spanish Language Policy. Southwest Journal of Linguistics, v12 n1-2 p69-86. Identifies the unwritten Spanish language policy in the United States by historically analyzing the different roles that Spanish has had throughout U.S. history. The paper shows how Spanish has been used for the benefit of the Spanish- and English-speaking elite but restricted (or forbidden) as a socioeconomic tool and symbol of identity for less fortunate U.S. Latinos. (Author/SM)…

Viteritti, Joseph P. (2002). Will the Supreme Court's Decision in Zelman End the Debate?. Education Next, v2 n2 p24-33 Sum. Describes the facts and legal basis of federal court decisions in "Zelman v. Simmons-Harris," a case before the U.S. Supreme Court to determine if Cleveland's school voucher program violates the Establish Clause. Discusses the possible educational, legal, and political consequences of the Court's decision. (On June 27, 2002, the Supreme Court ruled that Cleveland's voucher program is constitutional.) (PKP)…

Lowery, John Wesley (2004). Understanding the Legal Protections and Limitations upon Religion and Spiritual Expression on Campus. College Student Affairs Journal, v23 n2 p146-157 Spr. When considering the issues associated with addressing faith, spirituality, and religion on campus, it is important for student affairs professionals, especially those at public colleges and universities, to be cognizant of the associated legal issues. The Constitution protects the freedom of religious exercise and against the establishment of religion by the government or its agents. Common issues faced by student affairs professionals include those associated with prayer on campus as well as the official recognition of student religious groups and their access to university resources…. [PDF] [Direct]

Kepenekci, Yasemin Karaman (2005). A Study of Effectiveness of Human Rights Education in Turkey. Journal of Peace Education, v2 n1 p53-68 Mar. The aim of the research is to examine the effectiveness of Civics and Human Rights Education courses taught in primary schools in Turkey. The criteria for the effectiveness of the courses are determined as "content", "educational activities", "teaching methods", "educational materials", and "evaluation of students". A total of 71 teachers teaching these courses participated in the study. The opinions of the teachers for the effectiveness of the courses were gathered by 12 open-ended questions. Content analysis method was used to analyse the views of the teachers. To conclude, more than half of the teachers think that the courses are not effective due to having mainly an informative purpose. (Contains 1 table.)… [Direct]

Buie, Mary E. (2005). Circumcision: The Good, the Bad and American Values. American Journal of Health Education, v36 n2 p102-108 Mar-Apr. National statistics estimate that 1.2 million newborn males are circumcised annually in the United States (70% to 80%). Such values as sanctity, equity, fraternity, paternity and liberty affect circumcision rates in America. The value of sanctity allows freedom of religious beliefs and traditions that often overcome medical impetus in decision-making with regard to circumcision. A lack in the value of equity allows socioeconomic status and cost to impact whether or not babies are circumcised. The value of fraternity allows individual and population benefits through decreased urinary tract infections and decreased sexually transmitted infection transmission. The value of paternity allows the attempt to protect newborn males, an effort inherent with risk. Circumcision is an elective surgery, and the value of liberty continues to allow Americans to determine their own stance and action regarding circumcision. The use of this procedure must be evaluated on an individual basis. Unbiased,… [PDF] [PDF]

Thompson, Karen (2003). Contingent Faculty and Student Learning: Welcome to the Strativersity. New Directions for Higher Education, n123 p41-47 Fall. If we deconstruct the university–and set aside the trendy rhetoric of a multiversity–are we not actually approaching a \strativersity,\ a hierarchy of teaching that imposes a hierarchy of learning? In this article, the author discusses the ways in which typical contingent working conditions may undermine student learning conditions. Highlighted here are the issues of (1) faculty (in)accessibility; (2) inadequate student advising; (3) shortchanging in the classroom; (4) professional development; (5) collegial involvement; (6) workforce stability; (7) pay and benefits; (8) academic freedom; (9) faculty governance; and (10) and due process protections. Conditions of employment that would contribute to improved student learning are discussed…. [Direct]

Campbell, Gregorgy R.; Foor, Thomas A. (2004). Entering Sacred Landscapes: Cultural Expectations versus Legal Realities in the Northwestern Plains. Great Plains Quarterly, v24 n3 p163-183 Sum. Sacred and cultural geography is a universal feature of indigenous religious practices across Native North America. However, in a growing number of cases, conflicts have developed between Native North American religious practitioners and land-managing federal agencies. The contentious situations often come down to Indian peoples struggling to reassert their religious rights within an environment of "due process, federal and state statutes, and administrative policies." Here we take a case study, the Big Horn Medicine Wheel, and examine the problem of weighing a value system based on inextricably associating a spiritual world and physical geography against a system that inherently separates the two…. [Direct]

Rose, Deborah F.; Smith, Barbara J. (1994). Providing Public Education Services to Young Children with Disabilities in Community-Based Programs: Who's Responsible for What? Policy and Practice in Early Childhood Special Education Series. As public school personnel struggle to provide preschool-age children with disabilities with high quality, normalized or inclusive preschool experiences, there is an increased need for collaboration with community-based early childhood providers. This paper addresses the federal legal requirements for public school, Head Start, and community-based early childhood personnel, as well as the rights of parents related particularly to public education services to young children (ages 3-5) with disabilities in community-based programs. Three federal laws are reviewed: the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, the Head Start Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. The legal responsibilities of public school personnel, child care providers, Head Start grantees, and parents are specifically discussed for the following areas: (1) individualized educational placements, (2) eligibility, (3) supervision of service delivery, and (4) financial responsibility. The paper concludes that… [PDF]

Swalls, Fred; And Others (1980). Legal Rights and Responsibilities of Indiana Teachers. Fourth Edition. Intended as a handbook for school administrators and teachers and as a textbook for graduate and undergraduate level education courses, this book covers the current status of law affecting Indiana teachers as defined in statutes and interpreted by the courts. The first of nine chapters discusses the legal foundations of education in Indiana, including the state constitution, the roles of the legislature and the courts, and the state and local organization of education. Chapter 2 covers the teacher's authority as it relates to student rights, and chapter 3 focuses on liability for pupil injury. Contracts for teachers and administrators, teachers' salaries, and collective bargaining are the main issues in the fourth chapter, the fifth looks at teacher tenure, and the sixth discusses teacher retirement. Chapter 7 considers the application of the law to student teachers. The eighth chapter analyzes the legal ramifications of special education. The final chapter concentrates on the…

Haiman, Franklyn S. (1987). School Censors and the Law. Communication Education, v36 n4 p327-38 Oct. Focuses on the problem of censorship in the public high schools, examining the legal aspects of censorship in that setting. (NKA)…

Garfinkel, Lili Frank; Jordan, Dixie; Kragthorpe, Candy (1997). Unique Challenges, Hopeful Responses: A Handbook for Professionals Working with Youth with Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System. This book provides information about emotional, behavioral, learning and developmental disabilities; disability-specific entitlements; and approaches for professionals who work with youthful offenders with disabilities throughout the juvenile process. Chapter 1 describes characteristics of common disabilities among youthful offenders and details strategies and accommodations that professionals may want to consider when working with the youth who have these disabilities. Disabilities described include conduct disorder, depression, post traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, learning disabilities, and developmental disabilities. Case studies of individuals with different disabilities are provided, as well as a list of some of the communication difficulties confronted by individuals with mental retardation. Chapter 2 reviews entitlements for youth with disabilities in the justice system, including rights under the Individuals…

Bill, Lissa A.; Garfinkel, Lili Frank; Goldberg, Paula; Jordan, Dixie; Pernu, Caryn (1999). Unique Challenges, Hopeful Responses: A Handbook for Professionals Working with Youth with Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System. Second Edition. This handbook provides information about emotional, behavioral, and learning and developmental disabilities; disability-specific entitlements; and approaches for professionals who work with youthful offenders with disabilities throughout the juvenile process. Chapter 1 describes characteristics of common disabilities among youthful offenders and details strategies and accommodations that professionals may want to consider when working with the youth who have these disabilities. Disabilities described include conduct disorder, depression, post traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, learning disabilities, and developmental disabilities. Case studies of individuals with different disabilities are provided, as well as a list of some of the communication difficulties confronted by individuals with mental retardation. Chapter 2 reviews entitlements for youth with disabilities in the justice system, including rights under the…

Duggan, Amelia, Ed.; Gilroy, Marilyn, Ed. (1996). The Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education, 1995-96. Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education, v6 n1-26 1995-96. This document consists of all of volume 6 (26 issues) of the serial "The Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education," a biweekly journal which addresses issues in higher education for Hispanic Americans. Each issue presents four feature articles, a policy update called "Outlook on Washington" and several opinion pieces. Feature articles address the following topics: political activism, racial harassment, the freshman year experience, the status of minorities 40 years after the Brown decision, Latino leaders, Hispanic education, Hispanic colleges, bilingualism, race-based scholarships, Black-Latino coalitions, affirmative action, recruitment/retention of minority students, the Latino immigrant, Latino political organization, Columbus Day controversy, Latino businesses, diversity education at the elementary level, racism and tenure denial, African influence in Latino culture, the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, the Scholastic Assessment Test, gifted… [PDF]

Anderson, Winifred; Chitwood, Stephen; Hayden, Deidre (1999). Guiandose por la Intrincada Senda de la Educacion Especial: Una Guia para Padres y Maestros. Tercera Edicion. (Negotiating the Special Education Maze: A Guide for Parents & Teachers. Third Edition). Designed to assist Spanish-speaking parents and teachers in understanding special education procedures, this book describes the process for obtaining school services for children with disabilities. An introduction reviews six major provisions of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) that relate to children's rights to a free, appropriate public education and parent involvement in decision-making. The following chapters address: (1) the special education planning cycle and key people in the process; (2) ways for parents to develop and provide critical information to professionals working with their child; (3) referral and evaluation; (4) school records and reports; (5) eligibility decisions; (6) Individualized Education Programs (IEPs); (7) IEP meetings; (8) early intervention; (9) transition from school; (10) due process procedures, with examples of conflicts resolved in due process hearings provided; (11) nondiscrimination protection; and (12) monitoring the…

(1995). Youth for Justice: 1995 Youth Summit Compendium. This paper describes the activities of the Youth for Justice programs nationwide. Youth for Justice is a unique national initiative that uses the power of active learning about the law to build upon the vitality of young people and to address the risks of being young in American society today. Youth for Justice involves young people in law-related education programs that address national problems, particularly violence by and against youth. Youth for Justice's five cooperating national organizations–American Bar Association Special Committee on Youth Education for Citizenship, Center for Civic Education, Constitutional Rights Foundation, National Institute for Citizen Education in the Law, and Phi Alpha Delta Public Service Center–support a national network of state and local leaders representing every state. Youth for Justice builds partnerships among legal, educational, governmental, and community groups to initiate and strengthen law-related education programs. Law-related… [PDF]

McDonald, Shauna; And Others (1996). The Road to Work: An Introduction to Vocational Rehabilitation. A Booklet for Youth and Adults with Disabilities, Family Members and Advocates. This booklet for Minnesota young people with disabilities and their families is intended to explain vocational rehabilitation services required under the Rehabilitation Act as amended in 1992. The first section considers eligibility for vocational rehabilitation, the role of state agencies, the application process, and assessment. The next section describes the Individualized Written Rehabilitation Program (IWRP), which identifies job goals and needed services, and discusses rehabilitation technology and supported employment. The third section is on financial factors, including determination of "comparable benefits" and consumer financial participation. Next, the rehabilitation appeals procedure is detailed. A question-and-answer format addresses transition issues, such as transition services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, vocational rehabilitation and transition, and self-advocacy. Finally, the main features of the Americans with Disabilities Act…

Myrdal, Gunnar (1996). An American Dilemma. The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy. Volume I. The American dilemma, with regard to race, is posed as the question of how the nation can square its lofty ideals with the base realities of racial discrimination. This study, originally commissioned by the Carnegie Corporation in 1938, makes it clear that the struggle goes on in the hearts of all Americans. The root of the "Negro problem" is the conflict between American moral valuations preserved in the American ideal and the valuations existing on specific planes of individual and group living. There is a jarring discrepancy between the professed respect for the inalienable rights of all and the pervasive violations of the dignity of blacks. Volume I contains 23 chapters, divided into the following parts: (1) "The Approach"; (2) "Race"; (3) "Population and Migration"; (4)"Economics"; and (5) "Politics." Chapters 24 through 45 and the appendixes are included in Volume II. The introduction by Sissela Bok, the author's…

Myrdal, Gunnar (1996). An American Dilemma. The Negro problem and Modern Democracy. Volume II. This study, originally commissioned by the Carnegie Corporation in 1938, makes it clear that the root of the "Negro problem" is the conflict between American moral valuations preserved in the American ideal and the valuations existing on specific planes of individual and group living. There is a jarring discrepancy between the professed respect for the inalienable rights of all and the pervasive violations of the dignity of blacks. Volume II continues the exploration of Volume I, with the 22 chapters in the following sections: (6) "Justice"; (7) "Social Inequality"; (8) "Social Stratification"; (9) "Leadership and Concerted Action"; (10) "The Negro Community"; and (11) "An American Dilemma." The 10 appendixes included in this volume provide information on the methodology of the study and additional information about the condition of blacks at various times and places in the United States. (Volume II contains 11…

Fein, Helen, Ed.; Freedman-Apsel, Joyce, Ed. (1992). Teaching about Genocide. A Guidebook for College and University Teachers: Critical Essays, Syllabi, and Assignments. This guidebook is an outgrowth of a 1991 conference on \Teaching about Genocide on the College Level.\ The book is designed as an introduction to the subject of genocide to encourage more teachers to develop new courses and/or integrate aspects of the history of genocide into the curriculum. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1, \Assumptions and Issues,\ contains the essays: (1) \The Uniqueness and Universality of the Holocaust\ (Michael Berenbaum); (2) \Teaching about Genocide in an Age of Genocide\ (Helen Fein); (3) \Presuppositions and Issues about Genocide\ (Frank Chalk); and (4) \Moral Education and Teaching\ (Mary Johnson). Part 2, \Course Syllabi and Assignments,\ contains materials on selected subject areas, such as anthropology, history, history/sociology, literature, political science, psychology, and sociology. Materials include: \Teaching about Genocide\ (Joyce Freedman-Apsel); (2) \Destruction and Survival of Indigenous Societies\ (Hilda Kuper); (3) \Genocide in… [PDF]

(1997). Directory of Organizations. NICHY News Digest, n22 Feb. This directory lists over 80 national organizations that provide information, services, and/or referrals to individuals in the disability field, including parents, special educators and general educators, early interventionists, administrators, related services personnel, persons with disabilities, and others. Addresses, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail addresses, and a short description of each organization's activities are provided to help readers identify which resources are best suited to their needs and concerns. The organizations are grouped according to their primary emphasis in the following categories: (1) general disability information; (2) organizations for families; (3) legal rights and information; (4) early intervention; (5) special education; (6) transition; (7) financial assistance and information; and (8) organizations addressing minority concerns. Because many of the organizations have more than one purpose, each section includes a list of relevant organizations… [PDF]

Karnow, Stanley; Yoshihara, Nancy (1992). Asian Americans in Transition. This booklet is a detailed primer on the Asian American experience in the United States covering history, family and acculturation, education, culture and the arts, economics, discrimination and violence, and politics. An introduction reviews some basic demographics and looks at racial issues in light of the riots in Los Angeles (California) in 1992. A chapter on history covers the experience of Asian Americans in the United States since the arrival of Asians in prehistoric times. A chapter on family and acculturation notes that a common characteristic of Asian Americans, whatever their heritage or land of origin, is an emphasis on the family. A chapter on education notes the accomplishments of many Asian Americans, treats problems of quotas, and looks closely at Asian American enrollment in higher education. A look at culture and the arts emphasizes the cultural richness and diversity among Asian Americans and obstacles they face in the theatrical arts. A chapter on economics…

Chamberlain, Elizabeth (1994). Power, Consent, and Adolescent Sexual Harassment. This paper reviews the literature and case law related to the issue of sexual harassment of females and specifically focuses on the adolescent female in the public middle school setting. The controversial thesis statement the researcher explored was: "sexual harassment is a manifestation of the ubiquitous power imbalance between men and women that is an essential part of the institution of compulsory heterosexuality. Any and all attempts, by laws, policies, or educational programs to eradicate sexual harassment will remain largely necessary but not sufficient until the root cause, power imbalance, is recognized." The study: (1) analyzes the relevant notions of power; (2) describes the relationship between gender and power; (3) considers the characteristics of the legal view of sexual harassment, especially within a school setting; and (4) examines sexual harassment in schools in terms of power. The power differential seen in schools is a reflection of the notion of power… [PDF]

Lewis, James H. (1991). Learning from the Past–Preparing for the Future: Addressing Fair and Affordable Housing Issues in the Chicago Region. This conference paper discusses the current situation of racial differences in housing in the Chicago (Illinois) area with regard to the ramifications of the "Miliken v. Bradley" (1974) case. The Miliken case closed the door on busing and school desegregation plans crossing school district lines and in many cases, crossing municipal boundaries. It legitimized the idea that social problems could be geographically limited and that accountability for social welfare should be localized. The case's impact is far-reaching in terms of the way people think about the relationship between the predominantly Black and Hispanic American inner city and the predominantly White suburbs and who is responsible for what problems. The maintenance of separations directly affects housing and the economy within metropolitan systems. The following major topics are discussed: (1) metropolitan patterns of segregation (high segregation in Chicago with very few Blacks and Hispanic Americans living…

(1991). Americans with Disabilities: A Look at Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention. This guide to alcohol and other drug abuse prevention for individuals with disabilities begins with a discussion of Congressional intent in enacting the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), the stressful demands experienced by Americans with disabilities, and the ways in which these stresses may predispose people with disabilities to choose an escape through the use of alcohol or other drugs. The impact of the ADA on alcohol and drug prevention programs and professionals is outlined. The guide also examines the definition of a person with a disability, architectural and communication barriers, discrimination, suggestions to improve access and positive interactions, five commonly held myths about individuals with disabilities and the facts that dispel them, and language guidelines regarding people with disabilities. The guide concludes with a list of 13 organizational resources and 18 references. (JDD)…