Vergon, Charles B. (1988). The Evolution of the School Desegregation Movement: Implications for Equity and Excellence. Equity and Excellence, v24 n1 p26-35 Fall. Provides a historical overview of desegregation policies, approaches, and priorities through an analysis of legal developments and strategies since 1850. Discusses the implications of the reassessment and redirection on equity and educational excellence that have occurred over the past decade. (FMW)…

Bystydzienski, Jill M., Ed.; Resnik, Estelle P., Ed. (1994). Women in Cross-Cultural Transitions. This series of 14 essays focuses on experiences of women who have made cross-cultural transitions. Cross-cultural transitions refer to moving across cultures, usually from one country to another or across subcultures within one society. The essays document what individual women perceived, how they felt when in the process of moving from one culture to another, and what the consequences of the transition were for them. This volume presents common themes and issues raised by accounts of cross-cultural transition. Women's experiences, collectively, differ from men's due to socialization. There are three parts in the volume. Part 1, \Reflections of Mature Women,\ contains the following essays: (1) \Parental Variations in a Hungarian Immigrant Experience\ (Marga Kapka); (2) \Proud to Be a Japanese-American\ (Jean Umemura); (3) \A Francophone Korean in America\ (Irene Kwanghye Lee Olivier); (4) \A Palestinian's Struggle with Cultural Conflicts\ (Rima Najjar); (5) \A Zanzibari Woman's…

Kolvitz, Marcia, Ed. (1996). Challenge of Change: Beyond the Horizon. Proceedings of the Biennial Conference on Postsecondary Education for Persons Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing (7th, Knoxville, Tennessee, April 17-20, 1996). This collection of conference papers centers on eight major subjects: (1) different perspectives of change; (2) transitioning from high school to college; (3) academic issues; (4) enhancing support services; (5) student life issues; (6) nontraditional and underserved students; (7) career planning and placement strategies; and (8) staff development and administrative issues. Papers include: \The Impact of the Current Political Climate upon Legislation for Persons with Disabilities\ (Robert Stodden); \The Challenge of Change: Bringing the Federal Perspective to the Local Level\ (Bobbie Beth Scoggins and others); \Understanding Each Other\ (Steve Laren); \The Impact of Change on Student Services\ (Jane Jarrow); \Transitioning Collaboration with Schools and Vocational Rehabilitation\ (Wayne Giese and Catherine Wilson); \Transition Planning: A High School-Postsecondary Connection\ (Theresa Smythe and others); \Your Parents Are Not with You Anymore\ (Charlotte O. Kirby and Tris Ottolino);… [PDF]

Balajthy, Ernest (1987). The Tennessee Judicial Decision on Religion and Reading Basal Series: An Update and Implications for Reading Educators. Judge Thomas Hull's October 1986 decision in the "Mozert et al. versus Hawkins County Public Schools" provoked concern from a number of educators who felt that the plaintiffs, several Fundamentalist parents, who were favored in the decision, were attempting to force their religious principles on non-Fundamentalists. Judge Hull's decision, based on the notion that the children involved were not being provided a free public education, allowed them to "opt out" of reading class and be taught from alternate texts at home. Educators responded to the decision by saying that it opened the way for mass censorship, that it was impractical for schools to try to accommodate every minority opinion in every reading program, and that the children would become culturally illiterate with such omissions in their education. It is stated that such opinions are flawed in that they fail to consider the fact that (1) the basal readers in question were not removed from the classroom,… [PDF]

Gittins, Naomi E., Ed. (1990). Religion, Education and the U.S. Constitution. Articles written primarily by practicing school attorneys who represent public school clients are compiled in this publication. Information about how the establishment and free exercise clauses of the First and the Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution affect curriculum, student programs and activities, teacher employment, and school board administrative decisions is presented. Articles are as follows: \Public Aid to Parochial Schools,\ by Dennis G. O'Hara; \An Analysis of the Expansion of Free Exercise and Establishment Clause Challenges to Curriculum and Instructional Practices in the Public Schools,\ by Jay Worona and Margaret Chidester; \Unemployment Benefits and Free Exercise Rights,\ by Jeffrey A. Davis; \Use of Facilities by Outside Religious Groups,\ by John S. Aldridge; \Religious Garb: May Public School Teachers Wear It?\ by Fay Hartog-Rapp, Gretchen Winter, and Michele Freedenthal; \Home Schooling,\ by Perry Zirkel and David B. Rubin; \Accommodation of Employees'…

Cusick, Theresa; Wolfe, Leslie R. (1985). Fulfilling the Promise: A Guide to the Sex Equity Provisions of the Vocational Education Act. PEER Policy Paper. This paper presents an analysis of the sex equity provisions of Public Law 98-524, the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984. It is intended to assist parents, students, educators, and activists to ensure that the provisions of the Act are fully implemented throughout the country. The two major purposes of the new vocational education law are (1) to assist the states to expand, improve, modernize, and develop quality vocational education programs, and (2) to assure that persons who are inadequately served under vocational education programs have access to such programs–especially disadvantaged students, disabled students, men and women who are entering occupations that are not traditional for their sex, adults in need of training and retraining, homemakers, single parents, persons with limited English proficiency, and persons in correctional institutions. Authorized for five years, the statute has five major sections or titles. Title I describes how funds are to be… [PDF]

Scheetz, L. Patrick (1988). Recruiting Trends 1988-89. A Study of 739 Businesses, Industries, Governmental Agencies, and Educational Institutions Employing New College Graduates. Results from the 18th annual Recruiting Trends survey completed by the Collegiate Employment Research Institute for Career Development and Placement Services at Michigan State University are presented. For this 1988-89 survey, cross-sections of employers from business, industry, government, and education were contacted, and responses were received from 739 organizations. Information is provided on the following subjects: salaried employees; international employment opportunities; changes in salaried employees last year; organization type influences hiring quotas; women hires; minority hires; liberal arts hires; new college graduate hires; starting salary averages; technical versus non-technical acceptances; reneging on job offers by students/employers; campus visits by employer representatives; trends for interviewing schedules; closed interview schedules requested; prescreening on college campuses; job availability by geographical region; recruitment methods used by employers;… [PDF]

Phelps, William R. (1980). Non-Discriminatory Psychological Assessment of the Handicapped. In 1979 the National Research Council established a panel to study testing of handicapped people for selection and placement purposes in educational and employment settings. The study involved the review of relevant literature, solicitation of pertinent information from organizations representing handicapped persons and from professionals involved in selection and placement both in education and employment, review of current legislation and existing data on the effects of current practices of testing handicapped persons, and analysis of strategies used by organizations and institutions to address the needs of handicapped persons. Analysis of data from the study resulted in the formulation of nine recommendations to the West Virginia Department of Vocational Rehabilitation concerning psychological testing of disabled populations. (Appendixes to this monograph include guidelines for reporting criterion-related and content validity, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission guidelines on…

(1896). Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1894-95. Volume 2. Containing Parts II and III. United States Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior This is Volume 2 of the Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1894-95, containing Parts II and III. Part II contains the chapters: (1) The Bell and Lancaster System; (2) At What Age do Pupils Withdraw from the Public Schools; (3) Admission to College by Certificate; (4) Technological Instruction in the Land-Grant Colleges; (5) Instruction in Sociology in Institutions of Learning; (6) Professional Education; (7) Medical Schools of the United States; (8) Education in the Several States; (9) Education of the Colored Race; (10) The Slater Fund and the Education of the Negro; (11) Education in Alaska; (12) The Social Unit in the Public School Systems of the United States; (13) The Conveyance of Children to School; (14) Check List of American Schools; (15) Original Establishment of State School Funds; (16) Education in the Northwest during the First Half Century of the Republic, 1790-1840; (17) The American Common School in New England from 1790 to 1840; (18) Parochial… [PDF]

Harvey, Adia M.; Harvey, William B. (2005). A Bi-Generational Narrative on the Brown vs Board Decision. Negro Educational Review, The, v56 n1 p43-49 Jan. This article has two parts. In the first part, William B. Harvey shares his life story as a Brown baby. According to him, segregation was mean and ugly and humiliating. It was a state of affairs that made you know your place and that kept you in your place. If you were colored or Negro or Black or African American, your place was at the bottom. Fifty years after Brown, he says, some progress has been made, but not nearly enough. In some urban centers, particularly in the North and Midwest, schools are as segregated, and sometimes even more so, than they were before the decision was rendered. An incredible amount of work still must be done in changing attitudes and changing practices if the spirit of this landmark ruling is going to be realized. In the second part, Adia M. Harvey provides a contemporary analysis of "Brown vs. Board of Education." The main point she wants to offer is that years after Brown, school integration has become an accepted fact of life in the U.S…. [Direct]

(1997). Learning To Change. A WEA Equal Opportunities Training Pack. This training pack contains materials to help embed the principles of equal opportunities into the practice of part-time tutors and voluntary members of the Workers' Educational Association (WEA), a national voluntary organization dedicated to giving adults in the United Kingdom access to organized learning. Part 1 describes the rationale for the training program, which uses participants' individual experiences to explore the nature of structural discrimination in society and to devise ways to end it. Included are program outlines and trainer's notes for 3-, 6-, and 12-hour versions of the training program. Part 2 presents nine units that each contain at least one training activity complete with trainer's notes, suggested delivery methods, and handouts. The unit topics are as follows: introductions and ice breaking; ground rules; inequality in society; linking theory to practice; emerging issues; challenging discrimination; developing practice; planning action; and conclusions and… [PDF]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Finland–National Description 2003-04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper and on the Eurydice website formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Finland. Country of origin for immigrants in Finland 1990-2002 is appended. (Contains 2 figures and 4 footnotes.) [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For the main report, "Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Measures to Foster Communication with Immigrant Families and Heritage Language Teaching for Immigrant Children," see ED539128.]… [Direct]

Chigisheva, Oksana, Ed.; Ermenc, Klara Skubic, Ed.; Hilton, Gillian, Ed; Ogunleye, James, Ed.; Popov, Nikolay, Ed.; Wolhuter, Charl, Ed. (2014). Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens. BCES Conference Books, Volume 12. Bulgarian Comparative Education Society This volume contains papers submitted to the 12th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia and Nessebar, Bulgaria, in June 2014, and papers submitted to the 2nd International Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre 'Scientific Cooperation,' Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The volume also includes papers submitted to the International Symposium on Comparative Sciences, organized by the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society in Sofia, in October 2013. The 12th BCES Conference theme is "Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens." The 2nd Partner Conference theme is "Contemporary Science and Education: New Challenges — New Decisions." The book consists of 103 papers, written by 167 authors and co-authors, and grouped into 7 parts. Parts 1-4 comprise papers submitted to the 12th BCES Conference, and Parts 5-7 comprise papers submitted to the 2nd Partner Conference. The 103… [PDF]

Amorosi, Stacey; Risher, Peter (1998). The 1998 N.O.D./Harris Survey of Americans with Disabilities. This publication provides statistical information from a nationwide survey of 1,000 Americans with disabilities, aged 16 and older, that was conducted in April and May of 1998. It is designed to provide comprehensive and up-to-date measures in a number of areas, including: (1) the nature and severity of the disability; (2) participation in important life activities, e.g., employment and socialization, plus financial status and lifestyles of Americans with disabilities and how they have changed over the last 12 years; (3) job discrimination and the presence of barriers and unfavorable attitudes in the workplace; (4) familiarity with the Americans with Disabilities Act; (5) the special needs of those with disabilities, including equipment, technology, and personal assistance; (6) the sense of common identity shared by adults with disabilities, and changes over the past 4 years; (7) access to health care and satisfaction with services; and (8) participation in religious services. The…

(1985). Northern Conference Film and Video Guide on Native and Northern Justice Issues. Intended for teachers and practitioners, this film and video guide contains 235 entries pertaining to the administration of justice, culture and lifestyle, and education and services in northern Canada. It is divided into eight sections: Native lifestyle (97 items); economic development (28), rights and self-government (20); education and training (14); criminal justice system (26); family services (19); youth and children (10); and alcohol and drug abuse/suicide (21). Each entry includes: title, responsible person or organization, name and address of distributor, date (1960-1984), format (16mm film, videotape, slide-tape, etc.), presence of accompanying support materials, length, sound and color information, language (predominantly English, some also French and Inuit), rental/purchase fees and preview availability, suggested use, and a brief description. A title index is provided. Updates are to be published on a yearly basis. (JMM)… [PDF]

(1980). Vocational Education. Report by the Secretary of Education to the Congress. This report prepared by the Policy Analysis and Legislation Staff of the Office of Vocational and Adult Education, for the Congress, discusses the status of vocational education using statistical information, state evaluations, and audits, and reports compliance and quality of vocational education programs in selected states. The general provisions of state vocational programs, their basic grant structure, and a review of state program improvement and supportive services are provided. In addition, the states' programs for the disadvantaged and for consumer and homemaking education are reviewed. Presented next are the general provisions of national vocational programs along with an overview of programs of national significance, bilingual vocational training, and the emergency assistance program for remodeling and renovation of vocational education facilities. Then a discussion of the Appalachian Regional Development Commission (ARDC) is provided. Twenty enrollment tables and 12… [PDF]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Liechtenstein–National Description 2003/04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper and on the Eurydice website formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Liechtenstein. [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For the main report, "Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Measures to Foster Communication with Immigrant Families and Heritage Language Teaching for Immigrant Children," see ED539128.]… [Direct]

Verdun, Vincene (2005). The Big Disconnect between Segregation and Integration. Negro Educational Review, The, v56 n1 p67-82 Jan. The hearts and minds of the American people have been won over on the issue of segregation. However, the dilemma is that while an overwhelming majority of Americans would cringe at the idea of a racially segregated America, America remains racially segregated and racial equality is more ideal than real. Even though there is almost no legal segregation in America, most Americans live in segregated neighborhoods, attend segregated schools and churches, play on segregated beaches, vacation in segregated hotels and resorts and many have segregated workplaces. There is an apparent theoretical disconnection in America between the evils of segregation and the virtues of integration. This article takes a look in broad strokes over the past 50 years at how America has progressed legally, ideally and really from the pre-"Brown" society that accepted the legal segregation of the races, to the post-"Grutter" society, which has sacrificed racial integration, and accepted… [Direct]

Rosiek, Jerry (2003). Emotional Scaffolding: An Exploration of the Teacher Knowledge at the Intersection of Student Emotion and the Subject Matter. Journal of Teacher Education, v54 n5 p399-412 Nov. The practical knowledge that enables good teaching has emerged over the past decade as an area of critical interest to educational researchers. This article reports on insights gathered during a series of teacher practical knowledge research projects that took place over a 10-year period with more than 40 teacher interns and experienced teachers. The groups were convened for the purpose of critiquing and refining the concept of pedagogical content knowledge. One practice that became a focus of inquiry in these groups was the tailoring of pedagogical representations to influence students' emotional response to some specific aspect of the subject matter being taught. This practice was named "emotional scaffolding". Several examples of emotional scaffolding are provided and a typology of approaches to emotional scaffolding is offered. Possible implications for teacher knowledge theory and teacher education curriculum are explored…. [Direct]

Kaplin, William A. (1985). The Law of Higher Education: A Comprehensive Guide to Legal Implications of Administrative Decision Making. Second Edition. The role of the law on campus is addressed in this resource book for administrators and legal counsel. An overview covers sources of postsecondary education law (e.g., statutes, institutional contracts) and dichotomies between the public and private sectors and between school and church. Attention is directed to: legal concepts and issues affecting internal relationships on campus and external relationships with private accrediting agencies and with local, state, and federal government; the law's impact on administrators' roles and functions; and broad questions of governmental power and process. Specific topics include: institutional and personal liability for acts of trustees and administrators; employment contracts; collective bargaining; nondiscrimination in employment; standards and procedures for faculty personnel decisions; faculty academic freedom; the legal status of students; admissions; financial aid; disciplinary rules; grades, credits, and degrees; suspension/dismissal;…

(1979). Manual of Standards for Juvenile Training Schools and Services. This manual of standards for juvenile training schools and services contains 487 American Correctional Association standards for the accreditation of juvenile training schools (youth development centers, villages, correction centers, treatment centers, service centers, homes for boys and girls, camps, and ranches). Standards presented are organized according to the following 20 subject areas: administration; fiscal management; personnel; training and staff development; planning and coordination; management information systems; records; research and evaluation; physical plant; security and control; food service; sanitation, safety, and hygiene; medical and health care services; resident rights; resident rules and discipline; mail, visiting, and telephone; program and services; reception, classification, transfer, and release; release and revocation; and volunteer involvement. A glossary, the articles of incorporation of the Commission on Accreditation for corrections, and the code of…

(2001). Evaluation of America's Career Kit. The Employment and Training Administration's (ETA's) development and implementation of America's Career Kit (ACK), which is an online career development resource for individuals needing job search assistance, career guidance, salary data, and training and educational resources, was evaluated. The evaluation was designed to determine whether ACK has developed adequate performance measures to gauge the program's overall success and addressed the compliance requirements of the Department of Labor's (DOL's) equal employment opportunity agencies. Several concerns related to development, implementation, and monitoring of ACK were identified. All the identified issues were related to the America's Job Bank (AJB) component of ACK. The evaluation established that AJB's overall effectiveness is difficult to assess and that ETA has not fully addressed the compliance concerns of DOL agencies responsible for equal employment regulations. The following were among the nine recommendations for… [PDF]

(1999). Minorities and Adult Learning: Communication among Majorities and Minorities. Adult Learning and the Challenges of the 21st Century. A Series of 29 Booklets Documenting Workshops Held at the Fifth International Conference on Adult Education (Hamburg, Germany, July 14-18, 1997). This booklet, which was produced as a follow-up to the Fifth International Conference on Adult Education, examines communication among minorities and nonminorities in adult education programs. The booklet begins with a sketch of the situation of minority group members around the world and a list of 10 ways education policy and legislation can advance minority rights. Discussed next is the importance of allocating resources for education so that the different levels of need and different barriers in areas are taken into account. The importance of recognizing minorities' learning systems is underscored. The following are among the eight recommendations for adult learning by and for minority communities: (1) include minority knowledge, culture, language, religion, lifestyle, and history in curricula in a manner promoting mutual respect and understanding between communities; (2) recognize the role and value of minorities' traditional out-of-school learning processes; (3) link… [PDF]

Gordon, David, T., Ed. (2001). Harvard Education Letter, 2001. Harvard Education Letter, v17 n1-6. This document is comprised of the six issues in volume 17 of the Harvard Education Letter, a bimonthly newsletter addressing current issues in elementary and secondary education. Articles in this volume include the following: (1) January-February–"Charters and Districts: Three Stages in an Often Rocky Relationship" (Kelly) and "'We Don't Allow That Here'" (Pirozzi); (2) March-April–"The New Face of Homeschooling" (Farber) and "Collateral Damage" (Birk) on high stakes testing; (3) May-June–"Closing the Gap One School at a Time" (Sadowski) and "Teachers Helping Teachers" (Kelly); (4) July-August–"Seeking a Cure for Senior-Year Slump" (Kelly) and "Nuts and Bolts of Charter-Business Partnerships" (Kelly); (5) September-October–"Sexual Minority Students Benefit from School-Based Support–Where It Exists" (Sadowski) and "Solving Problems with 'Action Research'"; and (6)… [PDF]

Prenger, Suzanne M., Ed. (1999). Teaching for Inclusion: A Resource Book for NU Faculty. This teaching manual helps college faculty understand how to work with diverse students in the classroom. An introductory section defines diversity, discusses teacher attitudes, and suggests where to begin. The 14 chapters are: (1) "Creating Inclusive Classrooms"; (2) "Selected Strategies for Teaching for Inclusion"; (3) "Gender"; (4) "Class in the Classroom"; (5) "African American Students"; (6) "Latino/Hispanic Students"; (7) "Native American Students"; (8) "Asian American Students"; (9) "European American Students"; (10) "International Students"; (11) "Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Students" (12) "Students with Diverse Religious Beliefs"; (13) "Students with Special Physical or Learning Disabilities"; and (14) "Nontraditional Students." The 15 appendixes include tables, lists, and data on: faculty and staff diversity; gender… [PDF]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Romania–National Description 2003/04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper and on the Eurydice website formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Romania. (Contains 2 footnotes.) [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For the main report, "Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Measures to Foster Communication with Immigrant Families and Heritage Language Teaching for Immigrant Children," see ED539128.]… [Direct]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Portugal–National Description 2003/04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper and on the Eurydice website formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Portugal. Cultural groups/nationalities are appended. A bibliography is included. (Contains 6 footnotes.) [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For the main report, "Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Measures to Foster Communication with Immigrant Families and Heritage Language Teaching for Immigrant Children," see ED539128.]… [Direct]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Latvia–National Description 2003/04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper and on the Eurydice website formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Latvia. A bibliography is included. (Contains 5 tables and 1 footnote.) [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For the main report, "Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Measures to Foster Communication with Immigrant Families and Heritage Language Teaching for Immigrant Children," see ED539128.]… [Direct]

Alston, Denise A.; Trujillo, Octaviana V. (2005). A Report on the Status of American Indians and Alaska Natives in Education: Historical Legacy to Cultural Empowerment. National Education Association On October 27, 2004, the National Education Association (NEA) joined with the National Indian Education Association (NIEA) to host "Moving from Research to Practice: A Summit on Indian Students." Over 100 American Indian and Alaska Native education practitioners and researchers from Alaska to Mississippi gathered to share their knowledge of effective educational strategies for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) students. Presentations focused on four themes: Using Native Language and Culture to Promote Success in Indian Students; Preparing Educators to Be Effective Supports for Student Achievement; Reaching Out to the Community to Create Success; and Promoting Policies that Benefit Indian Students. This report draws, in part, on the presentations and discussions held at the Summit, and explores several aspects of the American Indian/Alaska Native historical, social, and cultural experiences as they relate to the development of Indian education. Using these experiences as… [PDF]

Burns, Matthew K.; Ysseldyke, James E. (2005). Comparison of Existing Responsiveness-to-Intervention Models to Identify and Answer Implementation Questions. California School Psychologist, v10 p9-20. Responsiveness-to-intervention (RTI) is the front-running candidate to replace current practice in diagnosing learning disabilities, but researchers have identified several questions about implementation. Specific questions include: Are there validated intervention models? Are there adequately trained personnel? What leadership is needed? When does due process protection begin? and Is RTI a defensible endpoint in the identification process? These questions were addressed by examining four existing large-scale RTI models, Heartland Model (Iowa), Intervention-Based Assessment (Ohio), Instructional Support Teams (Pennsylvania), and the Problem-Solving Model in Minneapolis (Minnesota) Public Schools. The RTI process led to positive outcomes for children with and without disabilities, but all four models were phased-in over time, relied on extensive training for a multidisciplinary team, and followed a protocol to develop data-based adaptations. Clarification about team membership,… [Direct]