Blommaert, Jan; Verschueren, Jef (1991). The Pragmatics of Minority Politics in Belgium. Language in Society, v20 n4 p503-31 Dec. An analysis of newspaper reports, political policy papers and social science investigations, uncovers a coherent world of beliefs concerning minority-majority relations. These beliefs, centered around stable but vague notions of culture, nation, state, democracy, and human rights, reveal a society profoundly troubled by the idea of diversity, instead fostering a strict norm of homogeneity. (23 references) (JL)…

Molnar, Alex (1993). Facing the Racial Divide. Educational Leadership, v50 n8 p58-59 May. Whatever its causes, racial isolation is social dynamite. Problems and destiny of America and American education cannot be separated from fate of American cities, which daily grow poorer, more violent, less socially cohesive, and more isolated. Problems cannot be addressed without taking racism into account. Schools can help students understand racism problems and value of minority strengths and contributions. (MLH)…

Yamaguchi, Makoto (1993). Deepening Democracy in Japan: Adult Education. Convergence, v26 n1 p16-22. Adult education can play a role in alleviating sex, social, and racial discrimination in Japanese society by preparing citizens for participation and paying attention to the needs of special groups: women, Baraku people, dropouts, people with disabilities, the Ainu (indigenous Caucasians), Koreans living in Japan, and refugees. (SK)…

Murdick, Nikki L.; Parette, Howard P., Jr. (1994). Physical Access and Programs Serving Young Children with Disabilities. Infant-Toddler Intervention: The Transdisciplinary Journal, v4 n2 p51-64 Jun. Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 requires child care centers to examine access to their rooms and spaces, playgrounds, and activities. The main components which require review are attitudinal barriers, physical barriers, policy barriers, and procedural barriers. (Author/JDD)…

Nipkow, Karl Ernst (1996). Der Padagogische Umgang mit dem weltanschaulich-religiosen Pluralismus auf dem Prufstein (A Touchstone for the Pedagogical Approach to Ideological-Religious Pluralism). Zeitschrift fur Padagogik, v42 n1 p57-70 Jan-Feb. Examines the model for ethical-religious instruction introduced in Brandenburg (Germany) from a constitutional and structural-pedagogical viewpoint. Points to problems with both the proposed "uniform" and "plural" models: the first infringes on minorities' interests and the second presupposes a high degree of cooperation between churches and state to be efficient. (DSK)…

Casella, Ronnie (1999). What Are We Doing When We are "Doing" Cultural Studies in Education–and Why?. Educational Theory, v49 n1 p107-23 Win. Argues that the only way creative and intellectual work in cultural studies of education can matter is if practitioners reconnect with cultural studies' activist work, noting historical moments, major texts, theoretical orientations, and research methodologies that allow educational researchers to take seriously social inequalities and their responsibility to enact social change. An intellectual popularism to address related concerns is recommended. (SM)…

Sharlet, Jeff (2000). Taking Black Studies Back to the Streets. Chronicle of Higher Education, v46 n37 pA18-20 May 19,. Discussion of current trends in Black Studies scholarship finds continuity in the activist tradition of emphasizing description, correction, and prescription, as well as increasing emphasis on building coalitions, economics, race, and gender. Focuses on collaboration of scholars and community activists as evidenced in the Black Radical Congress. Notes leadership of Harvard University (Massachusetts). (DB)…

Andrews, Ian (1999). Quebec Nationalism. Puzzle Corner. Canadian Social Studies, v33 n4 p126-27 Sum. Addresses the movement called civic nationalism in Quebec Province (Canada) that allows all people regardless of ethnic heritage to participate fully in the secular and governmental life of Canada. Provides a puzzle that focuses on the people uniting against civic nationalism. Included the clues and word list. (CMK)…

Simon, Jo Anne (2001). Legal Issues in Serving Postsecondary Students with Disabilities. Topics in Language Disorders, v21 n2 p1-16 Feb. This article compares students' rights under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. General responsibilities of postsecondary institutions are discussed, including access to postsecondary education, reasonable accommodations, documentation, access to print/alternate text, access to computer technology, and interpreters. (Contains references.) (CR)…

Balkin, Jack M. (2002). Would African Americans Have Been Better Off without Brown v. Board of Education?. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, n35 p102-104 Spr. Discusses the opinion held by some Blacks and many Whites that Supreme Court enforcement of the separate but equal rule of Plessy v. Ferguson would have produced better educational opportunities for blacks than one of forced racial integration. Suggests that this theory is incorrect, particularly in regard to African Americans in northern states. (SM)…

Grossman, Paul D. (2001). Making Accommodations: The Legal World of Students with Disabilities. Academe, v87 n6 p41-46 Nov-Dec. Describes the legal requirements with which institutions of higher education must comply regarding students with disabilities. Addresses the topics of equal access, degree of deference toward institutions' accommodations decisions, documentation, types of accommodation, and benefits to the academic community from inclusion of people with disabilities. (EV)…

Del Valle, Sandra (1998). Bilingual Education for Puerto Ricans in New York City: From Hope to Compromise. Harvard Educational Review, v68 n2 p193-217 Sum. Although policymakers, courts, and advocacy groups have raised awareness of bilingual education, there is a gap between the remedial model and grassroots community views of bilingual education as enrichment. Support for bilingual education must be recontextualized as a strategy for education reform with leadership from language-minority persons. (SK)…

Peters, Michael A. (2003). Derrida, Pedagogy and the Calculation of the Subject. Educational Philosophy and Theory, v35 n3 p313-332 Jul. Luc Ferry and Alain Renaut argue that \the philosophy of 68\ eliminates and leaves no room for a positive rehabilitation of human agency necessary for a workable notion of democracy. In their Preface to the English Translation of \La pensee 68,\ Ferry and Renaut (1990a, p. xvi), refer to the philosophy of the sixties as a \Nietzschean-Heideggerian\ antihumanism which is structurally incapable of taking up the promises of the democratic project inherent in modernity. Their criticisms are specifically aimed at Derrida and are intended as a path back to a form of humanism, liberalism and individualism (the doctrine of human rights) which they think can sustain a notion of political agency required for democracy. Derrida provides resources for understanding and responding to these criticisms. He denies a simple-minded nihilism as it applies to the subject, to notions of political agency and to the Idea of democracy and he argues that the anti-Nietzschean polemical attack on the critique… [Direct]

Zirkel, Perry A. (2004). Courtside: Private Effects?. Phi Delta Kappan, v86 n3 p254-255 Nov. After being accused of sexually harassing a student, a high school math teacher in New York was suspended with pay pending an impartial hearing. The district allowed the teacher to return to his classroom to collect his personal effects, which he had kept in boxes, desk drawers, and three filing cabinets, one of which was locked. He did not succeed in removing all of his belongings and later claimed that the district did not return all of them to him. The teacher filed suit in federal court, claiming that the district and its administrators had violated his Fourth Amendment rights in the search and seizure of his personal items in the classroom. An examination of this case finds that the Fourth Amendment offers only limited privacy protection to what many educators mistakenly consider their own workspace….

Jenkins, Karen (2004). Becoming a Citizen of the World. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n19 p114 Nov. W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the leading intellectuals of the 20th century, was unwavering in his commitment to the equality of the colored peoples of the world. All intellectual giant and a life-long agitator, Du Bois devoted his life to ensuring that the majority of the people in the world, \those of color,\ would break the shackles of colonialism and racial discrimination. It was in 1900 during the first meeting of the Pan-African Congress in London that Du Bois made his famous statement, \The problem of the 20th century is the problem of the color line–the relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia, Africa, in America and the islands of the sea.\…

(2005). Dissecting Diversity Part I: Scholars Weigh in on the Meaning of Diversity. Diverse: Issues in Higher Education, v14 n16 p32-37 Aug. One of the major objectives at Diverse is to bring clarity and understanding to the most pressing issues that confront the higher education community. Nowhere is there a greater need for such lucidity than in the area of diversity. In the most honored of academic and campus traditions, Diverse convened a group of scholars from various colleges, universities and associations to gather together for an open and frank exchange of ideas, thoughts and opinions about a range of issues–from the meaning of diversity to the future of affirmative action. The full extent of the conversation can't be captured in one edition. Therefore we bring to you Part I of a two-part dialogue that will inform, enlighten and maybe even help define what diversity really means…. [Direct]

Ellegood, Christina; O'Brien, Gerald V. (2005). The Americans with Disabilities Act: A Decision Tree for Social Services Administrators. Social Work, v50 n3 p271 Jul. The 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act has had a profound influence on social workers and social services administrators in virtually all work settings. Because of the multiple elements of the act, however, assessing the validity of claims can be a somewhat arduous and complicated task. This article provides a "decision tree" for administrators to assist with the evaluation of claims. This decision tree allows people who are considering the validity of an ADA claim to break the decision-making process into discrete steps that can be considered separately and sequentially. These steps include employee and disability status, employer knowledge of the disability, employee qualification for the job, the provision of accommodations, the adverse actions that may be included in a claim, valid employer rationales for adverse action, and the procedural elements required for a successful ADA claim. Issues that are important in each step are discussed….

Downing, J. Anderson (2004). Related Services for Students with Disabilities. Intervention in School and Clinic, v39 n4 p195-208 Mar. Since passage of the Education of All Handicapped Children Act in 1975, professionals and parents have disagreed concerning how to define and implement the related services requirement of the law. Some states have enacted statutes or regulations establishing eligibility criteria; however, many have not. Although a number of due process and court cases have been filed concerning related services as a necessary component of a free and public education to students with disabilities, the narrow and sometimes conflicting outcomes of those cases has failed to provide clear guidance for the field. This article will review the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act definitions of related services, overview types of related services commonly provided in schools, and review legal decisions concerning related services and the research providing support for best practices…. [Direct]

Sloan, Tod (2005). Global Work-Related Suffering as a Priority for Vocational Psychology. Counseling Psychologist, v33 n2 p207-214 Mar. Building on the recommendations in the article \An Emancipatory Communitarian Approach to Vocational Development Theory, Research, and Practice\ by David Blustein, Ellen McWhirter, and Justin Perry, a critical and global perspective on the challenge facing vocational psychologists who adopt an emancipatory communitarian approach is developed. Attention to the most pressing needs of the global unemployed and working poor will be critical. Most psychologists already possess the skill sets that are required, but the roles will change from work that primarily sustains current socioeconomic systems to work that challenges the globalization of corporate consumerism through an insistence on participatory democracy in the work settings and the defense of the human rights of workers…. [Direct]

Roach, Ronald (2004). Still Having Her Say: More than a Decade after Becoming a Household Name, Harvard Law Professor Lani Guinier Holds True to Her Beliefs, Principles. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n3 p22 Mar. This article describes the accomplishments of Lani Guinier, Bennett Boskey Professor of Law at Harvard University law school. The first and only African American woman to hold a tenured faculty position at the Harvard University law school, Guinier has put her visibility to use by speaking out on issues of race, gender and democratic decision-making and by urging honest public discussion on these issues. This article transcribes a brief interview with Guinier, outlines the impressive work behind her career and books, and provides first-hand accounts from those who have worked closely with her….

Gerber, Paul J.; Mulligan, Robert; Price, Lynda (2003). The Americans with Disabilities Act and Adults with Learning Disabilities a Employees: The Realities of the Workplace. Remedial and Special Education, v24 n6 p350-58 Nov-Dec. Twenty-five adults with learning disabilities were queried to examine their employment experiences at job entry and in job advancement vis-a-vis the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Results suggest that Title 1 of the ADA is underutilized by individuals with learning disabilities in the workplace. Self-disclosure about disability was rare and reasonable accommodations were infrequently used. (Contains references.) (Author/DB)…

Crippen, Carolyn; McCarthy, John R. (2003). Manitoba Women and Higher Education: Momentum to Stay the Course. Journal of Women in Educational Leadership, v1 n3 p253-269 Jul. In this article, the authors describe the history of women in higher education in Manitoba. The historical perspective chronicles the path of women from 1825-2000. The momentum established by these women pioneers in their quest for higher education, according to the authors, must be maintained for present female students and women in academia because educational opportunity provides hope for their future. (Contains 14 endnotes.)… [Direct]

Manley-Casimir, Michael; Oliverio, Cesare (2005). The Judicial Construction of the Role of the Teacher. McGill Journal of Education, v40 n3 p405-422 Fall. This paper examines the evolving Canadian jurisprudence at the appellate court level to outline the emerging definition–what is termed the "judicial construction"–of the role of the teacher. "Judicial construction" is a phrase intended to capture the attribution by judges of the social and educational significance of teachers. It is a phrase that recognizes the interpretative role of judges in adjudicating legal situations involving teachers and the importance ascribed to teachers by judges. In this context, the focus is on issues of teacher misconduct outside the classroom and during off-duty hours. The paper deals with only those cases in which questionable, but otherwise legal behaviour, are explored. It undertakes a detailed look at two recent Supreme Court of Canada decisions concerning alleged teacher misconduct, in the form of discrimination, to outline the evidentiary tests that must be satisfied to establish misconduct. Although this entails a… [Direct]

Gereluk, Dianne (2005). Should Muslim Headscarves Be Banned in French Schools?. Theory and Research in Education, v3 n3 p259-271. The recent ban of "conspicuous" religious symbols in French state schools has received international attention, especially the uncertainty of whether Muslims will comply with the ban. The issue, however, raises a number of philosophical dilemmas regarding toleration in a liberal democracy, the notion of a "neutral" public space in state schools and the protection of girls' rights in traditional communities. I examine each issue accordingly and argue that the French state is unjustified in banning religious symbols. (Contains 2 notes.)… [Direct]

Keels, Crystal L. (2005). Still No 40 Acres, Still No Mule. Black Issues in Higher Education, v22 n13 p18-21 Aug. The simple mention of reparations for African-Americans in the United States can be counted on to generate a firestorm. When it comes to the issue of recompense for injustices Black Americans have suffered throughout U.S. history–slavery, Jim Crow segregation, and other political and social mechanisms designed to maintain racial inequality–the question of accountability is one the nation has historically ignored. The United States has customarily denied the need for restitution for the "peculiar institution" of slavery and its aftermath, and the legendary post-civil war promise of "40 acres and a mule" still remains elusive. But in the 21st century, avoiding the issue is becoming increasingly difficult as activists, scholars, politicians and grass-roots organizations work diligently to ensure that the issue of reparations for African-Americans and all people of African descent is one the country–indeed the world–must at least consider. This article reports on… [Direct]

Bray, Bernard L.; Chappell, Larry W. (2005). Civic Theater for Civic Education. Journal of Political Science Education, v1 n1 p83-108 Feb. This study illustrates the special value of theater for conducting civic education. It begins by identifying the features of good citizenship in the United States. Citizenship in America includes rights, interests, affections, duties, and virtues. We focus on one duty, civic respect, and the virtue most necessary to meet that duty–civic attention. Unless citizens pay respectful attention to one another, some will be left in civic bondage–voiceless in the political community or consigned to second-class citizenship. One remedy to the problem of civic bondage is civic education that teaches civic respect through civic attention. We argue that two basic pedagogical strategies are required to teach civic attention: (1) civic hermeneutics (interpreting other citizens with the aim of granting them civic respect) and (2) civic staging (organizing public space to allow citizens to better communicate). We then argue that theater–including classical and experimental varieties–is especially… [Direct]

Kuehner, Trudy (2006). Islam, Islamism, and Democratic Values. Footnotes. Volume 11, Number 4. Foreign Policy Research Institute On May 6-7, 2006 FPRI's Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education hosted 44 teachers from 16 states across the country for a weekend of discussion on teaching about Islam. Speakers were drawn from the disciplines of religious studies, anthropology, political science, history, law, and journalism. The institute, held in Bryn Mawr, Pa., was made possible by a grant from the Annenberg Foundation. Walter McDougall opened the conference with remarks on the U.S. democratization effort in Iraq, noting similarities to Reconstruction in the Confederate South. Sessions included; (1) Islam vs. Islamism (S. Abdallah Schleifer); (2) Islam and Politics in Historical Perspective (David Cook); (3) Asian and Arab Islam (Robert Hefner); (4) Islam in Europe: Integration and Counterterrorism (Jytte Klausen); (5) Iraq's Democratic Prospects (Kanan Makiya); (6) Islam, Law, and Human Rights (David Forte); (7) Islam, Democracy, and the West (Fawaz Gerges.) Barry Rubin spoke of the tension between… [PDF]

Siska, Jan; Vann, Barbara H. (2006). From "Cage Beds" to Inclusion: The Long Road for Individuals with Intellectual Disability in the Czech Republic. Disability & Society, v21 n5 p425-439. In the Czech Republic, individuals with intellectual disabilities continue to be institutionalized in large, remote, state-run institutions and as a result are isolated from community interaction. Some practices associated with these institutions are coming to be seen as human rights violations. Although non-governmental organizations (NGOs) offer alternatives to institutionalization, demand for such services exceeds supply. Czech legal structure hinders NGO funding. Large state institutions continue to be built. (Contains 4 notes.)… [Direct]

Song, Sarah (2006). Religious Freedom vs. Sex Equality. Theory and Research in Education, v4 n1 p23-40. This essay examines Susan Moller Okin's writing on conflicts between religious freedom and sex equality, and her criticism of \political liberal\ approaches to these conflicts, which I take to be a part of her lifelong critique of the public-private distinction. I argue that, while Okin ultimately accepted a version of the distinction, she was much less hopeful than most liberal theorists that private actions could be made just without a great deal of public coercion. This comes through especially in her writing on religion. I suggest an approach to addressing these conflicts that seeks to respect religious liberty more than Okin's prescriptions suggest she did but which, in my view, is more consistent with Okin's own liberal commitments. (Contains 23 notes.)… [Direct]

Weber, Mark C. (2006). Legal Protection against Discrimination for Students in Higher Education: Four Leading Issues. Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, v14 n1 p15-20. This article discusses court cases and other sources on each of four major topics regarding federal disability discrimination laws and claims made by post-secondary students with learning disabilities: (a) Which students are entitled to the protection of the statutes, (b) What if any deference should be afforded academic institutions in their decisions about accommodations and student qualifications, (c) How much individual accommodation needs to be afforded during testing, and (d) What must universities do to prevent harassment of students on account of learning disabilities. The article concludes with some words about benefits that flow to the academic institution from providing accommodations to students with learning disabilities, in fulfillment of the spirit of the disability discrimination laws…. [Direct]