Dallam, Elizabeth (2001). Arizona's Florence Project. Insights on Law & Society, v1 n3 p13 Spr. Describes the Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project (Florence, Arizona) in which lawyers help individuals who are being detained in Florence. Explains that the project offers service to individuals at the detention center, helps children without guardians, and provides information to immigrant communities on their rights when arrested. (CMK)…

Camerini, Michael; Robertson, Shari (2001). Perspectives. Insights on Law & Society, v1 n3 p14-15 Spr. Provides background information on the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service Asylum office. Uses the perspective of two movie producers as they filmed a documentary film, \Well-founded Fear\, about asylum and refugee protection. Includes information on how to order a classroom aid and the film. (CMK)…

Mawdsley, Ralph D. (1990). Has "Wisconsin v. Yoder" Been Reversed? Analysis of "Employment Division v. Smith.". West's Education Law Reporter, v63 n1 p11-22 Dec 6. Compares the Supreme Court ruling in "Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith," involving the denial of unemployment compensation to two employees discharged because they ingested peyote, to "Wisconsin v. Yoder," mandating exemption to Amish parents of the state's uniformly applied compulsory attendance statute. (MLF)…

Hagy, Joe; Olson, Carol (1990). Achieving Social Justice: An Examination of Oklahoma's Response to "Adams v. Richardson.". Journal of Negro Education, v59 n2 p173-85 Spr. Reviews the efforts of Oklahoma to comply with the 1969 Supreme Court decision, "Adams v Richardson," which required states to desegregate traditionally White educational institutions. Concludes that Oklahoma has failed to increase the number of minority students in institutions of higher education but has institutionalized the principles of social justice and equal opportunity. (FMW)…

Nordenbo, Sven Erik (1989). Children's Rights, "die Antipadagogen," and the Paternalism of John Stuart Mill. Western European Education, v21 n2 p45-70 Sum. Examines how John Stuart Mill would have viewed present-day educational liberalists' claims that children should be included in Mill's principle of individual liberty. Concludes that educational liberalists cannot rightly claim Mill as spokesman for their views. (KO)…

Ramdas, Lalita (1990). Women and Literacy: A Quest for Justice. Convergence: An International Journal of Adult Education, v23 n1 p27-43. Literacy must go beyond reading and writing to become part of the process of empowering marginalized people, especially women. A crusade for women's literacy is both an educational and a political project requiring revision of content and materials so that they are consciously emancipating rather than perpetuating the status quo. (SK)…

Davis, Ossie (1989). Jobs, Peace, Justice: Challenge for the Year 2000. The Nation, v249 n4 p144-48 Jul 24. Argues that Black political action is the only solution to freeing African Americans from the poverty of the ghettos. Proposes that the two fundamental tasks facing the Black community are the restoration of the self-esteem of Black children and the elimination of the American myth of national equality. (FMW)…

Mueller, Jean West; Schamel, Wynell Burroughs (1989). Plessy v. Ferguson Mandate. Social Education, v53 n2 p120-22 Feb. Traces the history of the Plessy v. Ferguson case. Includes copies of the U.S. Supreme Court mandate to the Louisiana Supreme Court denying Plessy's request to overturn the Jim Crow law and ordering him to bear the court costs. Provides teaching suggestions for interpreting the document and highlights related topics and questions for research and reports. (GEA)…

Gerber, Paul J. (1992). At First Glance: Employment for People with Learning Disabilities at the Beginning of the Americans-with-Disabilities-Act Era. Learning Disability Quarterly, v15 n4 p330-32 Fall. This article presents observations from contacts and consultations with representatives of 25 major companies in the Richmond, Virginia, area concerning their strategies for complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act. The article concludes that a dynamic tension exists between employers and people with disabilities, and the law's successful implementation is linked to the performance of individuals with learning disabilities themselves. (JDD)…

Ladson-Billings, Gloria; Tate, William F., IV (1995). Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education. Teachers College Record, v97 n1 p47-68 Fall. Explains critical race theory as used in legal scholarship, arguing for its application in education and suggesting that in the United States, where race is critical in inequality and where society is organized around property rights, the intersection of race and property creates an analytical tool for understanding inequity. (SM)…

Chaikind, Stephen (1992). Children and the ADA. Exceptional Parent, v22 n2 pM8-10 Mar. This article summarizes provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act in light of how they may affect children. It specifically addresses requirements for reasonable accommodations by employers and increased accessibility to public services. A "fact sheet" insert lists relevant phone numbers (enforcement agencies and information lines) and compliance deadlines. (DB)…

Peters, George F.; And Others (1993). Report and Recommendations of the AATG Committee for the Recruitment and Retention of Minorities in German. Unterrichtspraxis, v26 n1 p97-98 Spr. This report describes the activities and lists the recommendations for further action submitted to the American Association of Teachers of German executive council in February 1993 by the ad hoc committee on the recruitment and retention of minorities in German. (LET)…

Heyward, Salome (1991). The Americans with Disabilities Act: An Analysis of Compliance Standards. Journal of Intergroup Relations, v17 n4 p42-47 Win 1990-91. Analyzes briefly some of the compliance standards of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), using the evolution of disability discrimination law under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as a guide. Concludes that the ADA's compliance standards are more vaguely worded than the earlier legislation, possibly opening the door to a wave of litigation against businesses. (CJS)…

Almeida, Dierdre A. (1998). Indigenous Education: Survival for Our Children. Equity & Excellence in Education, v31 n1 p6-10 Apr. Explores definitions of indigenous peoples and the meaning of indigenous education. Education has often been a political tool to deny the identities of indigenous people, but it can become a way for indigenous people to reclaim their rights and cultural identities. (SLD)…

Ward, Ben (1998). Proposition 227: What Now?. American Language Review, v2 n4 p23-27 Jul-Aug. Provides background on and discusses the significance of Proposition 227, the California ballot initiative designed to reform the state's bilingual-education program that was approved by voters in 1998. Reactions to its approval by California voters are provided by Ron Unz, Stephen Krashen, and Mauro Mujica. (Author/VWL)…

Patel, Ila (1998). The Contemporary Women's Movement and Women's Education in India. International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale de l'Education, v44 n2-3 p155-75. Examines how the contemporary women's movement in India (1975-present) has addressed the issue of women's education. Highlights contributions of the 19th-century social-reformist movement and the nationalist movement. Details the role of the contemporary women's movement in redefining knowledge and the curriculum. Concludes with challenges facing the women's movement. Contains 39 references. (VWC)…

Hansen, Joyce (1999). Memories of Reading, Memories in Writing. ALAN Review, v26 n3 p61-64 Spr. Discusses how literature (especially African-American) affected and shaped the author all her life. Explores how her writing drew on her own experiences and memories. Discusses her experiences writing historical fiction further exploring African-American history. Portrays a spirit of freedom that will show her readers confidence and self-esteem that she could not find in literature growing up. (SC)…

Ullman, Char (1999). Between Discourse and Practice; Immigrant Rights, Curriculum Development, and ESL Teacher Education. TESOL Quarterly, v33 n3 p513-28 Aut. Reports on a teacher-education project in which English-as-a-Second-Language teachers from five community-based organizations in Chicago developed a textbook about immigrant rights in the United States. The process not only produced significant course materials, but it also changed teachers' understanding of their classes, students, and teaching practices. (Author/VWL)…

Pullin, Diana; Stufflebeam, Daniel L. (1998). Achieving Legal Viability in Personnel Evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education, v11 n3 p215-30 Feb. The legal viability of an evaluation means that the evaluator can address legal issues successfully while avoiding debilitating legal difficulties. This article argues for the inclusion of a legal viability standard in the "Personnel Evaluation Standards" of the Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation and presents a prototype standard. (SLD)…

Taylor, Ula Y. (1998). Making Waves: The Theory and Practice of Black Feminism. Black Scholar, v28 n2 p18-28 Sum. Identifies crucial elements of black feminist theory as they surface in the scholarship and activism of black women at the end of the second wave of feminism in the 1970s and the beginnings of the third wave of feminism in the 1980s and 1990s. Socially constructed categories of race and power are emphasized. (SLD)…

Ridgley, Stanley K. (2000). The Long March: How the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s Changed America. Texas Education Review, v1 n2 p21-27 Sum. Reviews the modern academy's intellectual foundations, rooted in Marcuse's, Ginsburg's, Kerouac's, and Mailer's ideas. Highlights Kimball's new book on the 1960s cultural revolution. Questions the notion that the 1960s were about peace, love, compassion, and diversity, revealing deep connections between modern political correctness and Marcusian beliefs that rights like free speech are provisional and should be withheld from the bourgeois. (SM)…

Wickham, Parnel (2001). Images of Idiocy in Puritan New England. Mental Retardation, v39 n2 p147-51 Apr. A review of how New England colonists viewed idiocy finds that for practical purposes, colonists defined idiocy in terms of incompetence in order to create a class of individuals who might qualify for protection under the laws. The influence of the beliefs of the Puritan preacher Cotton Mather is discussed. (Contains references.) (CR)…

Smith, Tom E. C. (2002). Section 504: What Teachers Need To Know. Intervention in School and Clinic, v37 n5 p259-66 May. This overview of the requirements of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 offers guidelines for schools to ensure compliance. Sections address eligibility for Section 504 services and protections, individuals covered under Section 504, requirements of Section 504, services in public schools, and school requirements for Section 504. Attachments include an evaluation form and a sample accommodation plan. (Contains references.) (DB)…

Miller, Paul Steven (1999). The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and People with Mental Retardation. Mental Retardation, v37 n2 p162-65 Apr. This commentary discusses the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the success the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has had in enforcing the ADA for people with mental retardation. Cases the EEOC has won against discriminatory employers are described, and the need for ongoing efforts is emphasized. (CR)…

de Lima, Philomena (2001). Racism in Rural Areas. MCT, v20 n1 p39-43 Aut. Discuses the presence of racism in rural areas of Scotland, describing the nature of the problem, outlining key features of the current discourse on rural affairs, and examining some of the limited research that exists on the experiences of rural minority ethnic household/dwellers, presenting an agenda for the future in relation to race in rural areas. (SM)…

Brush, Paula Stewart (2001). Problematizing the Race Consciousness of Women of Color. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, v27 n1 p171-98 Aut. Suggests that feminist studies of the intersection of race and gender have failed to problematize the race consciousness of women of color. Situates debates about the situation historically, focusing on the situation of black women. Argues that feminist studies assume race consciousness among all women of color, revealing race consciousness as an issue of both theoretical and activist concern. (SM)…

Shariff, Shaheen (2004). Keeping Schools Out of Court: Legally Defensible Models of Leadership. Educational Forum, The, v68 n3 p222-233 Spr. This paper draws attention to a knowledge gap in leadership models regarding bullying, particularly cyberbullying, an emergent form of student harassment. Given that parents are suing schools for failing to protect victims of bullying, educators need guidance in addressing harassment and discriminatory discourse in popular youth culture. The focus is on three important considerations: (1) the need to avoid criminalizing children and adolescents; (2) the need to clarify educators' legal obligations to protect students from psychological harm; and (3) the need to delimit educators' legal obligations to sustain school environments that reduce bullying and create equal opportunities for learning. Improved law-related courses, grounded in compatible theories on leadership, social justice, and ethics of care, are recommended for education students. Educators who take courses in these disciplines show great promise in helping schools navigate the unprecedented dilemmas of technology and… [PDF]

Vanfossen, Phillip (2005). Economic Concepts at the Core of Civic Education. International Journal of Social Education, v20 n2 p35-66 Fall-Win 2005-2006. The focus of this article is on the role that content and concepts drawn from the field of economics should play in education for self-government. How important is economic knowledge for the practice of effective citizenship in a democratic society such as the United States, and what core economic knowledge is required for effective civic education? The author addresses these questions by considering the relationship between the economic freedoms of the market and political freedom in a free society, and the intersection between the fields of economics and political science. A literature review on essential economic concepts for civic education is used as a starting point for determining a core of economic content and concepts necessary in education for democratic citizenship. The author goes on to present an analysis of the degree to which the "Indiana Academic Standards for Social Studies: United States Government" has addressed this core of economic content, and offers… [Direct]

Kirman, Joseph M. (2004). Using the Theme of Bullying to Teach about Human Rights in the Social Studies Curriculum: Reports from the Field. McGill Journal of Education, v39 n3 p327-341 Fall. This article argues that bullying is a human rights violation and should be a social studies curriculum concern. It treats bullying not only as a school incident but also as part of any systematic, continuous violence in any context. There is a discussion of legal implications, applicable educational theory, and attempts to deal with bullying in Canada and foreign jurisdictions. Ten classroom lessons present bullying as a social studies issue for teaching about rights. The lessons include history and current events as well as local, national, and international concerns. A supplementary Internet resource section is provided…. [Direct]

Parrini, Michelle; Williams, Charles F. (2005). Enemy Combatants and the Courts. Social Education, v69 n2 p103 Mar. In some ways America's response to the murderous surprise attacks of September 11, 200l, resembled that of previous wars. The nation was mobilized and its military directed to hit back as soon as possible. Unlike past wars, however, the enemy proved to be a shadowy terrorist organization with a religious identity, a long-term strategy, and no fixed address. The Al Qaeda network did have fighters, however, and–in Taliban-ruled Afghanistan–a safe harbor. When the U.S. armed forces invaded that country to overthrow the Taliban regime, it captured thousands of prisoners, many of whom were thought to belong to Al Qaeda. Other suspected Al Qaeda operatives were captured elsewhere around the world, and in time, the immediate concern for disarming suspected hostile fighters and rendering them harmless gave rise to unprecedented questions: What are we to do with prisoners who are captured in a war that is unlikely to have any formal end? When, if ever, must these prisoners be released? What…