Glickstein, Howard A. (1995). Inequalities in Educational Financing. Teachers College Record, v96 n4 p722-28 Sum. Discusses examples of sharp inequalities in school financing. Argues that the goal of educational equality does not confront the basic cause of educational inequality; fear of school integration perpetuates the existence of a multiplicity of school districts, which substantially increases the burden to fund education and ultimately costs society. (Author/SM)…

Price, Hugh B. (1995). Making Our Multicultural Society Work. Journal of Intergroup Relations, v21 n4 p56-68 Win 1994-95. Presents the keynote speech given to the National Urban League Convention in July 1994. The speech charts the course of the Urban League through the remainder of the century. The author suggests three priorities: educating and developing inner city children, helping their families become economically self-sufficient, and encouraging racial inclusion so blacks can participate in the mainstream economy. (GR)…

Cooper, Diane L.; Lancaster, James M. (1995). Perceived Adherence to the "Joint Statement on Rights and Freedoms of Students" on College Campuses. NASPA Journal, v32 n3 p179-88 Spr. Examines the extent to which institutions of higher education are perceived as insuring students' rights and freedoms outlined in the Joint Statement on Rights and Freedoms of Students. Findings affirmed that current institutional policies and procedures largely support the Joint Statement. Most backed well-defined public policy or law. (RJM)…

Schamel, Wynell Burroughs; West, Jean (1991). Rights in Times of Crisis: American Citizens and Internment. Social Education, v55 n5 p311-13 Sep. Discusses instances of departure from the rights guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights. Describes the internment of Japanese-Americans during the Second World War and other incidents in which the government denied individual rights. Details teaching activities intended to increase student understanding of such events. Proposes student research topics. (SG)…

Pinar, William F. (1991). Understanding Curriculum as a Racial Text. Scholar and Educator, v15 n1-2 p9-21 Fall. Discusses curriculum as a racial text, focusing on European Americans as a major part of the racial dilemma. The Eurocentric curriculum denies nonwhite students role models and denies white students self-understanding. African Americans' presence informs every element of U.S. life, and the absence of African-American knowledge in curriculum represents academic racism. (SM)…

Nikitin, Anatoly F. (1992). Teaching Human Rights in the Former USSR during Perestroika. Social Education, v56 n4 p231 Apr-May. Discusses the changing concept of human rights and important freedoms as the Soviet Union moved away from Communism toward democracy. Describes steps that have been taken in human rights education by various nongovernmental organizations. Suggests that the first priority is to educate children about human rights and, in so doing, develop the spirit of toleration. (DK)…

Phillips, Sarah Rengel (1991). The Hegemony of Heterosexuality: A Study of Introductory Texts. Teaching Sociology, v19 n4 p454-63 Oct. Reviews introductory sociology texts from 1950-89. Reports that heterosexual biases are embedded in sociology as taught. Argues that goals of sociology texts should include the recognition and exploration of difference rather than the homogenization of sexuality. Concludes that, although introductory sociology texts have made advances in addressing homosexual relationships, coverage continues to be biased and inadequate. (DK)…

Akinnaso, F. Niyi (1994). Linguistic Unification and Language Rights. Applied Linguistics, v15 n2 p139-68 Jun. This paper examines the tension between linguistic unification and language rights in Nigeria and assesses the nature, causes, and implications of the tension against the backgrounds of the country's history, political development, and language situation. (Contains 116 references.) (MDM)…

Menard, Valerie (1994). Green Injustice: Who's Winning the Race for Environmental Dollars?. Hispanic, v7 n10 p18,20,22,24,26 Nov. Grass-root environmental justice organizations charge that, when funding for projects targeting minority communities is won by multimillion-dollar environmental organizations, community-based environmental justice groups are underfunded and the concentration of toxic waste facilities in minority communities continues to grow. Lists top 10 mainstream environmental organizations and 10 EPA regional offices offering small community grants. (LP)…

Collins, Ronald W.; Johnson, Judith A. (1988). One Institution's Success in Increasing the Number of Minority Faculty: A Provost's Perspective. Peabody Journal of Education, v66 n1 p71-76 Fall. Eastern Michigan University's provost presents a perspective on how the institution successfully increased its number of minority faculty members. The article describes ways to retain minority faculty members once they are hired, noting the importance of total public support of opinion leaders and policymakers. (SM)…

Murphy, Joseph S. (1991). Some Thoughts about Class, Caste, and the Canon. Teachers College Record, v93 n2 p265-80 Win. Examines the social organization of the university, faculty organization, class and education, and race and ethnicity in the context of an expanded canon. (SM)…

Kaufman, Polly Welts (1991). Building a Constituency for School Desegregation: African-American Women in Boston, 1962-1972. Teachers College Record, v92 n4 p619-31 Sum. Examines Boston's school desegregation from 1962 to 1972, focusing on African-American women who demanded quality education for their children. The article discusses the constituency that supported a 1972 suit by Boston's National Association for the Advancement of Colored People claiming that Boston public schools denied equal education to African-American children. (SM)…

Zorn, Jeff (1992). William Bennett on Martin Luther King: Mock-Diversifying the Core Curriculum. Journal of Education, v174 n3 p89-97. The writings of Martin Luther King Jr. deserve to be read in undergraduate humanities classes but not in the spirit advocated by former Secretary of Education William Bennett. It is argued that Bennett downplays the struggles against racial discrimination and chooses the most conservative King pieces for the literary canon. (SLD)…

Latham, Patricia H.; Latham, Peter S. (1998). Learning Disabilities/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Test Accommodations in Professional Licensing under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, v9 n1 p17-18 Win. Reviews court decisions regarding the documentation of disabilities and accommodations for individuals with learning disabilities and/or attention-deficit disorders taking licensing examinations from the National Board of Medical Examiners and the State Bar Examiners. Professional schools and licensing authorities are urged to work toward developing consistent accommodation policies. (Author/CR)…

Chimedza, Robert; Peters, Susan (2000). Conscientization and the Cultural Politics of Education: A Radical Minority Perspective. Comparative Education Review, v44 n3 p245-71 Aug. Draws on several research projects to examine approaches by disabled people in Zimbabwe to educational praxis that set the stage for a liberation pedagogy with implications for all minority groups. Focuses on the experiences of the deaf. Contrasts the litigation emphasis of the U.S. disability rights movement with the Zimbabwean experience of social transformation through conscientization. (SV)…

Foster, Stuart J.; Hoge, John D.; Rosch, Richard H. (1999). Thinking Aloud about History: Children's and Adolescent's Responses to Historical Photographs. Theory and Research in Social Education, v27 n2 p179-214 Spr. Explores third, sixth, and ninth grade students' interpretations of historical photographs. Finds that the students' ability to date the photographs and determine why the photographs were taken improved with age without differences in gender and race; differences in regard to race occurred in students' inferences about the peoples' lives portrayed in the photographs. (CMK)…

Lasley, Thomas J. (1996). The Fabric of Peace: Adults Create the Pattern. Journal for a Just and Caring Education, v2 n4 p360-77 Oct. Teaching young people prosocial values and nonagressive responses to problems is challenging, especially in a culture valuing individuality and personal independence. This article describes two American value orientations (individual rights and multiculturalism) that engender personal aggression and outlines three strategies for coping with the cultural and educational realities that exacerbate social violence. (39 references) (MLH)…

Fernekes, William R. (1999). Human Rights for Children: The Unfinished Agenda. Social Education, v63 n4 p234-40 May-Jun. Discusses children's rights and the UN (United Nations) Convention on the Rights of the Child. Examines trends that relate to three rights of children (access to education, children and violence, and child health) and evidence of progress in establishing each right. Provides two model units that are linked to the NCSS (National Council for the Social Studies) curriculum standards. (CMK)…

Janosik, Steven M. (2005). Anticipating Legal Issues in Higher Education. NASPA Journal, v42 n4 p401-414. Learning how to recognize and anticipate the legal risks associated with student affairs practice is a crucial skill all successful administrators must develop. This can be done by developing a sense for scanning the broad legal environment and being aware of legal issues in other parts of the education enterprise. (Contains 1 figure.)…

Giesler, Mark (2005). Women in History. Journal of Women in Educational Leadership, v3 n1 p3-4 Jan. This article profiles Mary McLeod Bethune. Unlike many of her contemporaries, Bethune is not a household name. Despite the fact that she made major contributions in politics and education, she epitomized the quiet, passionate African-American woman of the mid-20th century, "the mothers of the race, the homemakers and spiritual guides." Bethune was one of 17 children of former slave parents. As a girl, she attended Scotia Seminary, a Presbyterian school that emphasized religious and industrial education. This experience led her to the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago, where she dedicated her life to serving God through missionary work. Later she was told there was "no work for Negroes in the missions of Africa." She began a career educating African American children. Among her influences then was an apprenticeship with Lucy Craft Laney, who taught her that educated black women should uplift their families by providing "moral, Christian leadership at home and… [Direct]

Kirshner, Ben (2005). Moral Voices of Politically Engaged Urban Youth. New Directions for Youth Development, n108 p31-43 Win. Youth activism represents a promising synthesis of two broad goals in moral education: the development of moral judgments about the social and political world and the ability to implement one's principles in action. Among working-class and poor youth, such commitments often take place in a context where inequities in resources, opportunities, and safety are salient, and thus discussions about justice, rights, and welfare are central features of moral and political identity development. The relationship between reflection and action is an enduring question for those interested in promoting moral development among young people. Educators have struggled to find effective methods for educating youth to think carefully about moral problems and also show moral commitment in their everyday lives. Some have argued for cognitive approaches, which emphasize reasoning, judgment, and reflection, while others have argued for character-based approaches, which emphasize virtues such as honesty,… [Direct]

Lee, Wing On (2003). Students' Concepts and Attitudes toward Citizenship: The Case of Hong Kong. International Journal of Educational Research, v39 n6 p591-607. This paper analyses the data obtained from the findings on Hong Kong, as a part of the IEA second civic study. Because the survey was conducted two years after Hong Kong's return to China, the findings reflect concepts and attitudes toward citizenship among Hong Kong students shortly after the change of sovereignty. The study shows that Hong Kong ranks highest in two aspects of citizenship: civic knowledge and attitudes toward immigrants. Hong Kong ranks lowest in attitudes toward the nation, support for women's political rights, confidence in participating at school, and open classroom climate. Moreover, Hong Kong students are most concerned about elections and freedom of expression, but are least interested in political parties. They are more interested in social-related citizenship issues, and try to avoid confrontational and activist politics. This suggests that Hong Kong students are concerned with citizenship issues and politics; are very knowledgeable, and while they are also… [Direct]

Lora-Kayambazinthu, Edrinnie (2003). Language Rights and the Role of Minority Languages in National Development in Malawi. Current Issues in Language Planning, v4 n2 p146-160 Apr. Minority languages in both industrialised and developing countries have seldom been considered as objects of serious study. The discussion recognises that linguistic minorities are not homogeneous in nature. Apart from their sociolinguistic settings, they also differ in their historical, cultural, and natural backgrounds which makes it difficult for one to discuss them in a single framework. However, their general discussion in this paper can be justified on the grounds of their distinctive rights and the factors leading to their low usage. The paper addresses the question of linguistic rights within the classic debate of balancing liberal freedom within the demands of a capitalist economy, of equity and efficiency. Thus, the relevant perspectives include the relationship between socio-economic development, political economy and language planning. Although the arguments over linguistic rights have at times been theoretical and ideological, this paper attempts to contextualise the… [Direct]

Reagan, Timothy; Rojas, Eliana D. (2003). Linguistic Human Rights: A New Perspective on Bilingual Education. Educational Foundations, v17 n1 p5-19 Win. Bilingual education has been an extremely controversial and contentious topic in recent years among both educators and the general public in the United States. Long a bastion of what some writers have called "ideological monolingualism," the United States has not demonstrated either great sensitivity to or tolerance of linguistic diversity historically. In this article, the authors discuss the case for bilingual education programs, though, from a somewhat different perspective from that generally offered by supporters and advocates of bilingual schooling in the United States. Most of the arguments in favor of bilingual education are grounded in defenses of the "effectiveness" of bilingual education programs–that is, in arguing that bilingual education is a good thing because it works. Although they believe this to be true, and briefly review the arguments and evidence for this claim, what they suggest here is that there is a far more powerful, and relevant,… [PDF] [Direct]

Beckham, Joseph C. (1985). School Officials and the Courts: Update 1985. ERS Monograph. Cases involving public elementary and secondary education that were decided in state and federal courts from July 1984 to June 1985 are summarized in this review. The cases were selected on the basis of their relevance to contemporary problems in public schools, their definitiveness as articulations of existing law, and their reliability as guides to educational policymaking and practice. Undue complexity and procedural considerations are avoided in the summaries. The summaries are categorized by subject matter into cases involving school boards and board members, administrators, finance, collective bargaining, teachers, pupils, religion, and torts and related statutory liability. Among the individual topics addressed in one or more of these categories are uses of facilities, academic policies, due process, employment practices, student transportation, use of federal funds, freedom of expression, searches, disciplinary procedures, voluntary prayer, freedom of religion, supervision…

Lufler, Henry S., Jr. (1984). Pupils. This chapter, which reports on decisions made by federal and state courts in 1983 concerning the treatment of pupils, notes that for the first time in five years the number of such cases did not increase. Important decisions were handed down regarding student expression and concerning the payment of fees and damages in litigation affecting the placement and treatment of handicapped students. The number of desegregation cases is declining, though a trend is discernible toward "second generation" discriminatnion cases within formerly dual districts where systemwide desegregation has officially been achieved. Among other topics addressed are tuition, placement, the right to education, and discipline in cases involving handicapped and exceptional children; testing, placement, tuition, attendance, and transportation issues in public schools; bilingual and bicultural programs; state involvement with private and parochial schools; athletic association rules and sex discrimination…

Ledun, Andree; Watson, Joan Q. (1981). Know Your Laws. French. This French language version of "Know Your Laws" consists of 24 self-contained modules designed to acquaint the Florida adult student with laws she/he will meet in everyday life; fundamentals of local, state, and federal governments; and the criminal and juvenile justice systems. (The 130 objectives are categorized in the first three levels of the Cognitive Domain and parallel the Adult Performance Level competencies.) Rationale and terminal performance objective are first presented. Each module may contain some or all of the following: objectives, vocabulary list with definitions, enabling activities, and handout(s). Topics covered include need for laws, driving laws and signs, voting, duties and responsibilities of citizens, consumer law, citizen rights, legal importance of name, need for lawyer, legal documents, social legislation, Florida police, local government, elected county government, state officials, Florida governor, Florida laws, how a bill becomes a law…

Ackerson, Leonor; Watson, Joan Q. (1981). Know Your Laws. Spanish. This Spanish language version of "Know Your Laws" consists of 24 self-contained modules designed to acquaint the Florida adult student with laws she/he will meet in everyday life; fundamentals of local, state, and federal governments; and the criminal and juvenile justice systems. (The 130 objectives are categorized in the first three levels of the Cognitive Domain and parallel the Adult Performance Level competencies.) Rationale and terminal performance objective are first presented. Each module may contain some or all of the following: objectives, vocabulary list with definitions, enabling activities, and handout(s). Topics covered include need for laws, driving laws and signs, voting, duties and responsibilities of citizens, consumer law, citizen rights, legal importance of name, need for lawyer, legal documents, social legislation, Florida police, local government, elected county government, state officials, Florida governor, Florida laws, how a bill becomes a law… [PDF]

Watson, Joan Q.; Ziembinski, Vera (1981). Know Your Laws. Czechoslovakian. This Czechoslovakian language version of "Know Your Laws" consists of 24 self-contained modules designed to acquaint the Florida adult student with laws she/he will meet in everyday life; fundamentals of local, state, and federal governments; and the criminal and juvenile justice systems. (The 130 objectives are categorized in the first three levels of the Cognitive Domain and parallel the Adult Performance Level competencies.) Rationale and terminal performance objective are first presented. Each module may contain some or all of the following: objectives, vocabulary list with definitions, enabling activities, and handout(s). Topics covered include need for laws, driving laws and signs, voting, duties and responsibilities of citizens, consumer law, citizen rights, legal importance of name, need for lawyer, legal documents, social legislation, Florida police, local government, elected county government, state officials, Florida governor, Florida laws, how a bill becomes a…

Watson, Joan Q. (1981). Know Your Laws. Italian. This Italian language version of "Know Your Laws" consists of 24 self-contained modules designed to acquaint the Florida adult students with law they will meet in everyday life; fundamentals of local, state, and federal governments; and the criminal and juvenile justice systems. (The 130 objectives are categorized in the first three levels of the Cognitive Domain and parallel the Adult Performance Level competencies.) Rationale and terminal performance objectives are first presented. Each module may contain some or all of the following: objectives, vocabulary list with definitions, enabling activities, and handout(s). Topics covered include need for laws, driving laws and signs, voting, duties and responsibilities of citizens, consumer law, citizen rights, legal importance of name, need for lawyer, legal documents, social legislation, Florida police, local government, elected county government, state officials, Florida governor, Florida laws, how a bill becomes a law…