Rittenhouse, Robert K.; And Others (1991). The Black and Deaf Movements in America since 1960: Parallelism and an Agenda for the Future. American Annals of the Deaf, v136 n5 p392-400 Dec. This paper traces the political and educational movements of both African-American and hearing-impaired U.S. individuals since 1960 and compares their common as well as disparate experiences in terms of social and political background, social attitudes, family relationships, education, and employment. Four suggestions are offered for advancing the agenda of African-American hearing-impaired individuals. (Author/JDD)…

Weiss, Joan C.; And Others (1992). Ethnoviolence at Work. Journal of Intergroup Relations, v18 n4 p21-33 Win 1991-92. The National Victimization Project of the National Institute Against Prejudice and Violence attempted to understand violence motivated by prejudice in the United States. Interviews with 1,372 employed people confirmed the prevalence and costliness of ethnoviolence in the workplace. Human rights agencies need to address this problem. (SLD)…

Scanlin, Margery M. (1992). Better Camping for All: A Beginning Look at the Americans with Disabilities Act. Camping Magazine, v64 n3 p28-34 Jan-Feb. Provides a brief overview of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and schedule for phasing in the law. Discusses general features of the law that apply to camps including provisions of employment and public accommodation and requirements for making camp facilities and programs accessible. Provides key definitions included in the ADA and guidelines for reviewing staff and camper applications. (LP)…

Kershaw, Terry (1992). Afrocentrism and the Afrocentric Method. Western Journal of Black Studies, v16 n3 p160-68 Fall. Attempts to define a paradigm that helps shape the African-American studies discipline, and argues that emphasis must be placed on generating practical and emancipatory knowledge. African-American studies is a necessary discipline if Afrocentric scholars are to be generated who have a commitment to being scholar activists. (SLD)…

Raimo, Angela M. (1991). Fourth Amendment Challenges: The Legality of Searching Children. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, v36 n2 p73-81 Win. Focuses on the recent application and interpretation of the Fourth Amendment to school children. Discusses the amendment in regard to the relationship between school authorities and children, students' legitimate expectation of privacy, reasonableness in justification of a search, issues of mass mandatory screening, and requirements of due process and individualized suspicion. (Author/PVV)…

Rogers, David; Rogers, Elisabeth Lodge; Yell, Mitchell L. (1998). The Legal History of Special Education: What a Long, Strange Trip It's Been!. Remedial and Special Education, v19 n4 p219-28 Jul-Aug. Discusses the legal history of special education. The exclusion of students with disabilities and the early efforts to ensure a free appropriate education for students with disabilities are examined up to and including the enactment of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997. (Author/CR)…

Haynes, Charles C. (1999). Religion in the Public Schools. School Administrator, v56 n1 p6-10 Jan. There is now remarkable agreement on religion's proper constitutional and educational place in public education. A 1995 statement issued by 24 religious and educational groups reaffirms Americans' commitment to First Amendment principles, envisioning civil public schools that neither inculcate nor inhibit religion. Sidebars list resources for building policy and common ground. (MLH)…

Robertson, Heather-jane (2001). The Right to Rights. Phi Delta Kappan, v82 n9 p719-20 May. When Canada signed the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1990, all government levels became responsible for adopting and implementing a set of entitlements considered too radical for Americans. Critics claim the Convention subverts absolute parental and institutional authority over children. Implementation problems and progress are discussed. (MLH)…

Robertson, Brian S. (2001). British Antidiscrimination Legislation and Wayfinding in Buildings in Scotland. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, v95 n2 p69-79 Feb. A study investigated the impact of the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 on the provision of wayfinding aids in local authority buildings in Scotland. Results indicate that although the DDA has raised awareness, it has not necessarily led to the incorporation of wayfinding aids in new or refurbished buildings. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)…

Cortes, Carlos E. (1996). Beyond Affirmative Action. MultiCultural Review, v5 n1 p16-21 Mar. Makes the distinction between vertical and horizontal multiculturalism and discusses five elements that will carry multiculturalism into the future with or without affirmative action. These elements include the continued growing diversity in the population, forced intermingling of diverse groups, creation of smaller group affinities, continued growth of multicultural education, and adjustments of the marketplace into a multiculturally responsive free market. (GR)…

Torres, Carlos Alberto (1998). Democracy, Education, and Multiculturalism: Dilemmas of Citizenship in a Global World. Presidential Address. Comparative Education Review, v42 n4 p421-47 Nov. Outlines problems in reconciling tensions among theories of citizenship, democracy, and multiculturalism in the context of capitalist societies, and resulting implications for comparative education scholars. Discusses the Enlightenment as foundation of citizenship, feminist criticism, postcolonialism, critical race theory, and social movements. Focuses on the opposition of canon and culture and the role of education in identity and citizenship formation. (SV)…

Bell, Derrick; Delgado, Richard; Dorf, Michael C.; Kehlenberg, Richard D.; Stefancic, Jean; Tushnet, Mark V. (1999). Race-Sensitive Admissions in Higher Education: Commentary on How the Supreme Court Is Likely To Rule. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, n26 p97-101 Win 1999-2000. Six legal scholars suggest possible outcomes of a future Supreme Court ruling on affirmative action in student admissions to higher education. The scholars examine other Supreme Court decisions and look at the impact that different justices and different presidents would have on an affirmative action ruling. (SM)…

Berson, Michael J.; Cruz, Barbara C. (2001). The American Melting Pot? Miscegenation Laws in the United States. OAH Magazine of History, v15 n4 p80-84 Sum. Explores miscegenation in U.S. history, some motivations for anti-miscegenation policy, and the landmark decision of the 1967 case of \Loving v. Virginia.\ Includes three recent examples of miscegenation policy in the United States with questions for class discussion. (CMK)…

McConaghy, Cathryn (2005). Bringing Knowledge to Truth: The Joke and Australian (In)Humanities. Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, v34 p132-142. In the formulation of new humanities–knowledge, truth and social action brought together in the defence of what makes us human in this place and time–there is also the need to identify the obstacles to honouring our humanity. This paper continues the task of critically examining contemporary forms of inhumanity, in this instance as perpetuated by a liberal Australian government against its citizens and others. Liberalism, by nature, enables the co-existence of contradictory practices that both protect and deny human rights and dignities. In psychoanalytic terms, the defence of liberties and its repressed other, the denial of them, are both present in such states. Because of their links with both the conscious and the unconscious, an analysis of jokes provides insights into these contradictory processes. The paper explores how both the humanities and the inhumanities are manifest variously in the joking behaviours of social groups…. [Direct]

Chang, Mitchell J. (2005). Reconsidering the Diversity Rationale. Liberal Education, v91 n1 p6-13 Win. The concept of diversity has come a long way in U.S. higher education, and its impact has been far reaching. Over the last three and a half decades, diversity and its related interventions have evolved to encompass a broad set of purposes, issues, and initiatives on college campuses. The earliest initiatives to increase minority access on predominantly white campuses, and later to enhance gender equity, were prompted by desegregation mandates as well as social justice concerns grounded in the democratic principles of equal opportunity and equality. Although the issue of equitable access remains of paramount interest, since the mid-1980s concerns about the persistence and academic success of underrepresented students of color have become another important thrust of diversity efforts in higher education. Additionally, addressing ongoing incidents of racial and ethnic hostility directed toward students of color and the evolution of what historian Lawrence Levine (1996, 171) termed… [Direct]

Maolain, Ciaran O.; Smith, Alan (2004). Challenging Intolerance. New Directions for Youth Development, n102 p95-108 Sum. Social identity is multilayered and complex. Schools, communities, and nations can implement structures and approaches that help youth to understand one another and respect differences. (Contains 5 notes.)… [Direct]

Reddie, Anthony G. (2003). Developing a Black Christian Education of Liberation for the British Context. Religious Education, v98 n2 p221-238. This article details the work of the Birmingham Initiative, a Methodist inspired, ecumenical research project that operated in Birmingham, in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom between 1995 and 1999. As the Christian Education Development Officer employed by this project, the author undertook doctoral research among twenty-six inner-city, Black majority churches from Methodist, Baptist Anglican, and Reformed Church traditions. One of the central aims of the research was to create the first African-centered Black Christian Education of Liberation for the British context. The major outcome of this research was the creation of the first practical Black Christian education curriculum in Britain, entitled "Growing into Hope". (Contains 1 footnote.)… [Direct]

Mansson, Niclas; Safstrom, Carl Anders (2004). The Limits of Socialisation. Interchange: A Quarterly Review of Education, v35 n3 p353-364 Sep. The article deals with the question of living with others, one of the most significant relationships of human life, and challenge the common understanding of the origins of living with others, where a human being is not just becoming a social but also a moral being through social institutions of societies. This common understanding of a social relationship, fostered and nurtured by a given society, places the responsibility for the possibility of living with others on the other. Drawing on the work from the sociologists Zygmunt Bauman and George Simmel and the philosophers Emmanuel Levinas and Knud Logstrup we argue that the possibility of living with others is based on the rights of the other rather than of the rights to determine whom the other is. By focusing on the relation between the individual and the society on the one hand, and the connections between being moral and being social on the other hand, we suggest that the process of socialisation is devastating not only for… [Direct]

Hawke, Sharryl (1974). A Human Rights Curriculum. Profiles of Promise 30. At Northport High School, New York, the subject of human rights is dealt with in a tenth grade European Cultures Studies course. The ten week unit treats the concept of human rights as well as historical and current cases focusing on basic liberties. As students study the individual cases involving human rights, they delve into the political and social background of the country involved. Students compare similar situations in history and literature and further explore issues in small group discussions of readings. Each student is required to write a thought or reaction paper as the culminating unit activity. To add a personal experience dimension to the curriculum, extensive use is made of resource speakers including political and governmental experts, representatives from social action and religious groups, and local teachers. Student involvement takes the form of school-wide programs and displays, taped interviews and correspondence with experts in the field, participation in… [PDF]

Mertz, Gayle (1997). Fair Trials and Free Press. Student Forum. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 p49-52 Spr. Outlines a role play that highlights the potential conflict between freedom of the press and the rights of defendants and victims. Students assume the roles of representative characters (police chief, newspaper editor) in a small town where a sensational murder has occurred. They also conduct a class discussion. (MJP)…

Magendzo, Abraham (1994). Tensions and Dilemmas about Education in Human Rights in Democracy. Journal of Moral Education, v23 n3 p251-59. Asserts that incorporating human rights issues into the curriculum causes tensions, especially in nations with histories of military dictatorships. Describes human rights education in Chile and other Latin American nations. Discusses whether human rights should be a separate curriculum subject or integrated into all courses. (CFR)…

Weeks, J. Devereux (1992). Student Rights under the Constitution: Selected Federal Decisions Affecting the Public School Community. Public school principals and teachers have a compelling need to understand student rights when teaching constitutional principles that apply to students. This book seeks to help both students and educators understand those rights. The work concerns itself with the fundamental federal constitutional rights of public school students. A study of the subject can help: (1) ensure that students' rights are recognized; (2) educate the young for citizenship; and (3) educate teachers and administrators about possible violations of students' rights. The book addresses the subjects of corporal punishment, freedom of expression, religion, search and seizure, possession of contraband, drug testing, personal appearance, and due process in the wake of suspension or expulsion. Leading cases and relevant statutes in the subject areas discussed are cited in chapter endnotes. (LBG)…

McEvoy, Mary, Ed.; Vandercook, Terri, Ed. (1991). Inclusive Education (Preschool-1st Grade [and] K-12). Feature Issues. IMPACT, v4 n2-3 Sum 1991-Fall. These two theme issues of \Impact\ discuss inclusive education for children with disabilities at the preschool to first grade level and at the kindergarten to grade 12 level respectively. The articles present different ways that families and professionals include children with and without disabilities in educational and child care settings, with the common element in their success coming largely through collaboration among many people and agencies. The articles include: \Early Education: Which Path to Inclusion?\ (Mary A. McEvoy and others); \The Struggle, the Reward: Two Families' Experiences with Inclusion\ (Debra Carroll and others); \Infants, Toddlers, and the Integrated Community\ (Linda Kjerland); \Early Intervention in Day Care Settings\ (Mary Beth Bruder); \Integration: A Cooperative Effort\ (Betty Kasel); \Social Interaction Training for Young Children with Disabilities\ (Richard J. Spicuzza); \Staff Training for Inclusion\ (Dennis J. Sykes); \Integration in Early Childhood… [PDF]

McAfee, James K.; Mitruski, Megan; Schwilk, Christopher (2006). Public Policy on Physical Restraint of Children with Disabilities in Public Schools. Education and Treatment of Children, v29 n4 p711-728 Nov. The US Constitution, federal and state legislatures, courts, and regulations permit physical restraint for both therapeutic (i.e., behavior change) and risk prevention purposes. Although most venues limit restraint as punishment, no government entity prohibits use of physical restraint as a response to imminent danger. This paper provides a comprehensive view of public policy of the most common form of restraint- an educator using his or her body to limit movement of a student so as to reduce risk of harm during an episode of dangerous behavior. Such restraint has been upheld by courts and requires quick decisions following careful training of educators. The intent of this paper is to provide a policy framework within which public educators (administrators, teachers and others) may develop specific practices to protect themselves and others from injury and legal action. Discussion concludes with recommendations for policies and procedures. (Contains 2 tables.)… [Direct]

Glasgow, Jacqueline N., Ed.; Rice, Linda J., Ed. (2007). Exploring African Life and Literature: Novel Guides to Promote Socially Responsive Learning. International Reading Association (NJ3) In today's interconnected and global society, socially responsive learning is an integral part of educational excellence. This book encourages socially responsive learning by showing the reader how to use traditional African folk tales and quality children's books, young adult novels, classic literature, and film media about Africa as the mode for examining diversity, equity, and human rights issues in high school and university classrooms. Each Novel Guide chapter in this unique and remarkable resource offers the following features to provoke critical thinking and challenge students to become socially responsive learners: (1) An overview of the novels and activities how those activities are aligned with standards; (2) An exploration of each novel's social and historical context; (3) About the author descriptions and plot summaries; (4) "Making Connections" question sets; (5) A critical exploration of themes; (6) "Teacher Talk" questioning strategies; (7)… [Direct]

Walenta, Brian T. (1995). Search and Seizure: Students Rights vs. the School. Focusing on current United States Supreme Court decisions affecting the searching of students in school, this report also briefly examines the evolution of the right to education and student freedom of speech. Regarding search and seizure, since 1985 the Court has maintained that school officials are not exempt from the restrictions of the Fourth Amendment. While the Court argued that students have a right to expect privacy in the school, it also recognized that school officials have the responsibility to insure a safe school environment. School officials do not need to have a search warrant prior to searching a student, but may conduct a search on the basis of reasonable suspicion. This is a lower standard than probable cause, necessary for police searches. Confusion arises when school searches may result in not only school punishment, but also criminal prosecution. When school officials believe criminal proceedings may follow a planned search, the higher standard of probable cause… [PDF]

Denniston, Dorothy L. (1977). Sable Queens in Bondage: Reading, Independent Study, and Research on the American Slave Narrative. This paper examines the scope and historical significance of biographies and autobiographies of ex-slaves. The document focuses primarily on accounts of black women published from 1820-1860, but also discusses several narratives from colonial times. Exploits of famous women slaves including Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth are analyzed along with accounts of lesser-known black women who made major contributions to black kinship and cultural ties. Primary sources such as \Twelve Years a Slave,\ by Solomon Northrup, and \Aunt Sally: The Cross Way of Freedom,\ author unknown, characterize the conflicting roles played by black women in plantation life. Roles included mother, wife, sister, aunt, grandmother, family member, propagator of the black race, field laborer, domestic slave, transmitter of values to black children, and concubine to white slave owners. The body of slave narratives reveals a cross-section of relatively contented, well-treated and cooperative slaves and bitterly…

Rabe, Stephen G. (1995). John F. Kennedy and Constitutionalism, Democracy and Human Rights in Latin America: Promise and Performance. New England Journal of History, v52 n2 p38-57 Fall. Summarizes the sometimes confusing and contradictory efforts of the John F. Kennedy administration to encourage the development of democratic political processes in Latin America. Although sincere, Kennedy's efforts often were stymied by resistance from the local power structure and his own Central Intelligence Agency. Eventually, anti-communist considerations dominated the Latin American policy. (MJP)…

Michaud, Mike; And Others (1997). Celebrate Your Freedom! May 1, Law Day 1997. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 pA1-A12 Spr. Presents seven brief articles on legal issues concerning young people. Addresses such topics as curfews, teen smoking, dress codes, and child labor. Some articles are student-written while others profile student activity. Student authors include Mike Michaud, Danny Rosen, Carrie Kendrick, and William Hansen. (MJP)…

Clifford, Amie L. (1997). Death Penalty in America. Update on Law-Related Education, v21 n2 p42-45 Spr. Examines the legal and moral issues, controversies, and unique trial procedures involved with the death penalty. Discusses the 1972 landmark Supreme Court decision that resulted in many states abolishing this punishment, only to reintroduce it later with different provisions. Reviews the controversial case of Sam Sheppard. (MJP)…