Isaacson, Lynne (1998). Student Dress Policies. ERIC Digest, Number 117. Educators and the public are divided over the value of implementing school-uniform policies in the public schools. This digest examines arguments for and against school-uniform policies, identifies legal considerations, and offers guidelines for implementing policies on student dress. Most parents have responded favorably to uniform policies, while children's attitudes vary. The legal issues involve First Amendment claims and liberty claims. Experts recommend that policymakers address three key questions: Are the requirement legally defensible/ Do they actually restore order? Are less restrictive dress codes a better alternative? For example, policymakers can consider five alternatives ranging from least to most restrictive; (1) Do not institute a dress code; (2) institute a dress code that outlines general goals, and let principals and local school officials formulate and implement policy at the grass-roots level; (3) institute an itemized dress code that will be applied throughout… [PDF]

(1997). The Inclusion Charter: Ending Segregation in Education for All Children and Young People with Disabilities and/or Learning Difficulties. This charter of principles and beliefs was developed by the Centre for the Studies of Inclusive Education in the United Kingdom. Principles are first listed and then explained in detail. The principles are: (1) the end of all segregated education on the grounds of disability or learning difficulty as a policy commitment and national goal; (2) the end of segregation in education as a human rights issue belonging within equal opportunities policies; (3) recognition that, since all children share equal value and status, the exclusion of children from the mainstream because of disability or learning difficulty is a devaluation and is discriminating; (4) the gradual transfer of resources, expertise, staff, and pupils from segregated special schools to an appropriately supported diverse and inclusive mainstream; (5) recognition that, since segregated education is a major cause of society's prejudice against adults with disabilities, desegregating special education is necessary to help…

Gregg, Soleil (2000). ADHD and School Law. A review of the research and legal literature summarizes the status of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under school law. Following a brief introduction, discussion of ADHD as a disability notes the impact of ADHD on overall functioning and provides a table of diagnostic criteria for subtypes of ADHD. The following section focuses on three relevant federal statutes: Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B. The major portion of the paper discusses ten responsibilities of the states in implementing eligibility requirements for ADHD. These are: (1) locate, identify, and evaluate children disabled by ADHD; (2) make available a free appropriate public education; (3) develop and implement an appropriate individualized education program; (4) involve parents in decision making; (5) educate children in the least restrictive environment; (6) follow procedural… [PDF]

(2000). Sexual Minority Students. Technical Assistance Sampler On. This booklet discusses issues facing sexual minority students. An introduction presents the National Association of School Psychologists' (NASP's) position statement on gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Section 1 highlights: "Violence, Homophobia, and Prejudice" (e.g., anti-gay harassment in schools documented, violence prevention, and a guide for schools); "School/Psychological Issues, Suicide, and Health" (e.g., the impact of hate crime victimization, young gay males at higher suicide risk, and a bill of rights for lesbian and gay students); "Coming Out" (coming out young, landmark survey shows gay youth coming out earlier than ever, and coming out can reduce sexual prejudice); and "Sexual Minority Teachers and Staff" (extra help for homosexual teachers, lesbian teacher can proceed with harassment suit, and tips to help teachers come out). Section 2 examines interventions for assisting sexual minority students, including "Working With… [PDF]

Jonas, William (1999). Social Justice Report, 1999. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, HREOC. Report to the Attorney-General as Required by Section 46C(1)(a) of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Act 1986. This report examines the disadvantaged and marginalized condition of the Indigenous peoples of Australia as a human rights issue, focusing on issues concerning Indigenous young people. Permeating the report is the idea that this disadvantage arises from a history of overt and structural discrimination and that special efforts and differential treatment are necessary and appropriate to redress disadvantage and achieve equality in Australian society. Chapter 1 examines current themes in debates about Indigenous policy: moving beyond welfare dependency, accountability of Indigenous programs and services, Indigenous participation in government decisions that affect them, and the national reconciliation process. Chapter 2 profiles Indigenous youth, aged 15-29, and aspects of disadvantage. Demographic and other data include population size, age structure, income, unemployment, overcrowded housing, participation in secondary and higher education, native language use, birth rates,… [PDF]

Hill, Wilhelmina; Mackintosh, Helen K. (1951). How Children Learn about Human Rights. Bulletin, 1951, No. 9. Office of Education, Federal Security Agency This particular bulletin is concerned with the concept of human rights, and the interpretation of some of these rights in the classroom, in the school, at home, and in the community. Although the discussion is directed toward the classroom teacher primarily, principals, supervisors, administrators, and parents who want children to succeed in all the activities of everyday living, should find the bulletin profitable reading. The bulletin consists of sections on how the teacher can begin with children in a study of individual rights, in such a way as to lead to an understanding of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The teacher understands, of course, that this bulletin deals with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and not with the Covenant on Human Rights, which is still under consideration by the members of the United Nations. This understanding would also be made clear to children in any instructional situation which deals with these materials. Some Articles of the… [PDF]

(2004). Capital Construction Budget Recommendations and Prioritization, 2005-2007 Biennium for the Nebraska State Colleges, University of Nebraska and Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture. Nebraska's Coordinating Commission for Postsecondary Education The "Capital Construction Budget Recommendations and Prioritization 2005-2007 Biennium" provides the Coordinating Commission for Postsecondary Education's funding and priority recommendations on capital construction budget requests from the Nebraska State Colleges, the University of Nebraska, and the Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture at Curtis. The Commission has identified building maintenance and facility renovation as areas needing continued attention for the coming biennium. The report is divided into the following sections: (1) Introduction and Statewide Facilities Funding Issues; (2) Existing Capital Construction Funding Commitments; (3) Governing Boards' Capital Construction Budget Requests 2005-2007 Biennium; (4) Commission's Capital Construction Budget Recommendations 2005-2007 Biennium; and (5) Commission's Prioritization of Approved Capital Construction Requests. [For the 2003-05 report, see ED604920.]… [PDF]

Gerry, Frank C. (1981). Three Issues You'll Hear More About. AGB Reports, v23 n2 p35-37 Mar-Apr. Three problems needing the attention of many college governing boards and presidents are discussed, including making early or phased retirement attractive, part-time faculty, and federal and state nondiscrimination laws. A number of colleges have created a unified program of employee relations with access to the president. (MLW)…

Rubio, Gloria (1979). The Changing Role of CBOs in CETA. AGENDA, v9 n6 p18-19,34 Nov-Dec. Explains how community-based organizations (CBOs) have become increasingly ineffective in fighting unemployment and how the role of such organizations has become that of watchdog for CETA activities since that 1973 legislation. Details the current conflicts between SER, CETA, and local government in Houston, Texas. (SB)…

Mandel, Jerry (1979). The Cost of Drug Policy to Minorities. AGENDA, v9 n6 p22-26,34-35 Nov-Dec. Explains the fallacy of assuming racial and ethnic equality in drug problems. Demonstrates that the most serious consequences of illegal drug involvement fall disproportionately on minorities. Discusses drug related theft and imprisonment and eco-social repercussions of being labeled an addict. Discusses inadequate data sources for drug statistics. (SB)…

Duke, Celine Ellet (1978). Section 1985(3): A Viable Alternative to Title VII for Sex-Based Employment Discrimination. Washington University Law Quarterly, v1978 n2 p367-95 Spr. Section 1985(3) is shown to be an alternative to Title VII. Inadequacies of and alternatives to Title VII are noted and questions are raised concerning section 1985(3)'s application to private sex-based discrimination, the single entity rule, and whether sex discrimination is sufficiently class-based to activate section 1985(3). (AF)…

Feinberg, Walter (1996). Affirmative Action and Beyond: A Case for a Backward-Looking Gender- and Race-Based Policy. Teachers College Record, v97 n3 p362-99 Spr. Defends race- and gender-based affirmative action against recent attacks by liberals and conservatives, arguing that a need-based approach is not an adequate substitute and demonstrating that there are three independent moral foundations for a race and gender approach that are not adequately met by the need-based alternative which would make affirmative action class sensitive. (Author/SM)…

Danks, Carol (1996). Using the Literature of Elie Wiesel and Selected Poetry to Teach the Holocaust in the Secondary School History Classroom. Social Studies, v87 n3 p101-05 May-Jun. Maintains that learning about the Holocaust (and other historical incidents) from the literature of survivors provides students with empathy and understanding not found in traditional historical texts. Recommends using this material prior to objective historical study and includes suggestions for teaching. Discusses the use of other Holocaust literature. (MJP)…

McCluskey, Audrey Thomas (1989). Mary McLeod Bethune and the Education of Black Girls. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, v21 n1-2 p113-26 Jul. Chronicles the life of Mary McLeod Bethune and her commitment to the education of Black girls in the early twentieth century despite the overwhelming prejudices of the time. Discusses the American tradition in which both Black and White women used education as a means of advancing their cause and status. (JS)…

Blits, Jan H.; Gottfredson, Linda S. (1990). Equality or Lasting Inequality?. Society, v27 n3 p4-11 Mar-Apr. Describes the evolution of "race-norming," or "within-group scoring," the practice by which job candidates' scores on employment tests are reported relative to comparison groups of their own race or ethnicity. Contends that race-norming fosters group rather than individual rights and perpetuates the inequality it intends to eliminate. (AF)…

Mawdsley, Ralph D. (1994). Sexual Harassment in Schools. Update on Law-Related Education, v18 n2 p39-44 Spr. Reviews the legal principles and precedents that frame current sexual harassment laws as they relate to schools. Discusses school district liability and responsibility for providing school environments safe from sexual harassment. Includes guidelines for developing and implementing school policies regarding sexual harassment. (CFR)…

Brown, Frank (1994). Brown and Educational Policy Making at 40. Journal of Negro Education, v63 n3 p336-48 Sum. Examines the dilemma faced by black leaders who accepted delays in the full implementation of Brown v Board of Education to ensure that its mandates would be accomplished through additional litigation. It explores changing policy in school desegregation litigation, desegregation guidelines, new legal statutes and desegregation, and what the future holds after Brown. (GR)…

Brown, Kevin (1995). Revisiting the Supreme Court's Opinion in Brown v. Board of Education from a Multiculturalist Perspective. Teachers College Record, v96 n4 p644-53 Sum. Reexamines the Supreme Court's school desegregation opinions, including "Brown v. Board of Education," and concludes that a multicultural society was not part of the Supreme Court's vision of public schools. Argues that the ideology of those opinions cannot be the basis of school districts' efforts to bring together racially or ethnically diverse students. (SM)…

Starkey, Hugh (1992). Teaching Children's Rights in Europe. Social Education, v56 n4 p228-30 Apr-May. Describes efforts toward human rights education in Europe and how these efforts might be utilized in teaching about children's rights. Offers examples of work to help children acquire a sense of their community and its structures. Includes student drafted charters and declarations, children's councils, cooperative education, and community service. (DK)…

Brulle, Andrew R.; Mantarakis, Nicolas Z. (1994). Sexual Harassment in Teacher Preparation Clinical Experiences. Action in Teacher Education, v15 n4 p5-13 Win 1993-94. Self-reported survey data from 230 male and female students who had completed student teaching indicated that 17.4% alleged some form of sexual harassment during either their preclinical experiences or their student teaching. Alleged harassers included building administrators, cooperating teachers, and university supervisors. (IAH)…

Hood, Stafford; Parker, Laurence (1991). Minorities, Teacher Testing, and Recent U.S. Supreme Court Holdings: A Regressive Step. Teachers College Record, v92 n4 p603-18 Sum. Discusses the negative impact of teacher certification testing on African-American teacher candidates, noting the Supreme Court's Wards Cove versus Antonio decision which may foreclose previously successful court settlements regarding the impact of teacher testing on minorities. The article reviews procedures for establishing test validity and major cases addressing such procedures. (SM)…

Harvey, Karen D. (1991). Vanquished Americans. Social Education, v55 n2 p132-33 Feb. Presents an interdisciplinary unit for middle school students, focusing on the removal of the Cherokee and other tribes from Georgia to so-called Indian Territory, also known as the Trail of Tears. Outlines cooperative learning activities addressing whether or not this act constituted genocide. Uses excerpts from the novel, "The Education of Little Tree." (NL)…

Sneed, Maree; Tatel, David S. (1990). The 1989-90 Term of the United States Supreme Court and Its Impact on Public Schools. West's Education Law Reporter, v61 n3 p809-25 Sep 27. This review of 1989-90 Supreme Court decisions is divided into four sections by subject matter: (1) student rights; (2) employee rights and labor issues; (3) school desegregation; and (4) special education. A list of cases and statutes discussed, with citations, is included. (MLF)…

Konecky, Joshua; Wolinsky, Sid (2000). Through the Maze: Legal Issues and Disability Rights. Learning Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, v10 n2 p73-83 Spr. This article reviews basic legal requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act relative to individuals with learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Within this framework, legal issues surrounding reasonable accommodations on professional licensing and screening exams are discussed. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)…

Levesque, Roger J. R. (1998). Children's Human Rights. Update on Law-Related Education, v22 n3 p22-26 Fall. Addresses the issue of children's human rights in relation to the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child that seeks to give priority to children in the adoption of individual countries' polices. Focuses on U.S. policies concerning children's' rights and introduces two different views of the impact. (CMK)…

Kibler, M. Alison (2004). Settling Accounts with Settler Societies: Strategies for Using Australian Women's History in a United States Women's History Class. History Teacher, v37 n2 p155-170 Feb. This article offers a strategy for using Australian women's history in a United States women's history survey course. To develop the theme of gender relations in settler societies, the author recommends using transnational categories, such as gender frontier and settler colonialism, direct comparisons between Australian and American women's history, and a discussion of feminist ideology in international women's organizations. Three topics for lecture and discussion develop these concepts and comparisons: the encounter between European and indigenous gender systems, feminist imperialism, and "settler anxiety" in Australian and American suffrage campaigns. These topics emphasize the centrality of gender relations to the history of settler societies, connect gender and race relations, and suggest the Pacific region as a focus of women's history. These three topics build on each other to make transnational gender frontiers a significant theme of a United States women's history… [Direct]

Michaelsen, Scott (2005). Between Japanese American Internment and the USA PATRIOT Act: The Borderlands and the Permanent State of Racial Exception. Aztlan: A Journal of Chicano Studies, v30 n2 p87-111 Fall. The general conversation today about the USA PATRIOT Act and its historical and legal significance must be contextualized with reference to a series of 1970s U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding the U.S. Border Patrol that directly undergird the PATRIOT Act. The Supreme Court long ago turned the U.S. borderlands adjoining Mexico into a permanent racial camp, and the borderlands is the "home," as it were, of the permanent state of legal, racial exceptionalism. This problem must be theorized as structural in nature, rather than historical or contingent, in order to confront the matter of exceptional sovereignty at its constitutional foundations. Readings of the Supreme Court decisions regarding Japanese American internment and of Charles "Mills's Racial Contract" provide a context for the elaboration of this problem. A final reflection on Jose Antonio Burciaga's poem "Green Nightmares" suggests an idea for justice at the limit of sovereign authority that… [Direct]

Dalrymple, Jane (2005). Constructions of Child and Youth Advocacy: Emerging Issues in Advocacy Practice. Children & Society, v19 n1 p3-15 Jan. The development of child and youth advocacy has been informed by varying theoretical perspectives and in the last decade has been increasingly incorporated into policy and legislation for young people in receipt of welfare services. Through examining the varying perspectives of young people, advocates and commissioners of advocacy services it can be seen that although there is some consensus about how advocacy should be provided, the construction of advocacy by adults may have a significant impact on how it is experienced by young people. This paper draws on material from five advocacy projects to examine how advocacy is constructed by those involved in the provision and receipt of services. It argues that there is a danger that the construction of advocacy in an adult proceduralised way is likely to compromise its potential to challenge the structures that deny young people opportunities to participate in decision making about their lives…. [Direct]

Green, Preston C., III; Gutierrez, Kathrine J. (2004). Re-Examining Race-Based Admissions Processes of American Institutions of Higher Education Using Multi-Dimensional Ethical Perspectives. Journal of Educational Administration, v42 n2 p236-248. The Supreme Court of the USA explains when universities may use race-based admissions policies without violating the Equal Protection Clause of the US Constitution. These rulings raise important ethical issues for universities that are presently using race as a consideration in their admissions decisions. This paper discusses some of the ethical issues presented by the Supreme Court's decisions in the "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke," "Grutter v. Bollinger," and "Gratz v. Bollinger" cases. A summary of the "Bakke," "Grutter," and "Gratz" cases is provided as well as an analysis of these decisions using an ethical framework that incorporates five perspectives: ethic of critique, ethic of justice, ethic of profession, ethic of care, and ethic of community. The accompanying discussion highlights areas of agreement and conflict between the goals of race-based university admissions policies and the… [Direct]

van Hover, Stephanie D. (2003). Deborah Partridge Wolfe and Education for Democracy. Theory and Research in Social Education, v31 n1 p105-131 Win. This paper examines the contributions of Deborah Partridge Wolfe, a previously overlooked female African-American educator, to social education. Throughout her career, Wolfe consistently drew attention to issues of democracy, diversity, and equity through her teaching, curriculum development, scholarly writings, speeches, government service, and social activism. This study adds to a growing body of work that investigates women's roles as social educators within the history of education and examines how Wolfe's beliefs about democracy and education manifested themselves in her work as a social educator. Specifically, this paper provides an overview of Wolfe's life and career, examines her conceptions of democracy and democratic education, and focuses on Wolfe's active involvement in multiple realms of community life, as well as her scholarly writings and speeches. The paper concludes with a discussion of Wolfe's major contributions to the field of education, particularly her advocacy… [Direct]