Frederick, Charles; Vetter, Donald P. (1978). Juvenile Justice in Maryland. This four part guide provides secondary students with information about Maryland laws, courts, and legal system. The first section examines the nature and causes of increasing involvement of youth in crime, and identifies those crimes most commonly committed by juveniles. A special section on shoplifting is included. Section II examines the nature of the police force, procedures followed by the police and the constitutional limits of police power. Students are directed to analyze television crime drama, answer a self-rated quiz, \Would You Make a Good Police Officer?\ and conduct fingerprint tests. In section III students are asked to compare juvenile court with adult court and consider the effectiveness of the juvenile system. In one activity students role play police officers and decide appropriate action for hypothetical juvenile cases. In section IV the types, purposes and impact of correctional facilities upon youth and the family are analyzed. All sections stress the gathering…

White, Richard, Ed. (1977). Assist Program 3: Preschool. Sourcebook. Assist: Associate Instructional Support for Teachers. This sourcebook contains ASSIST training materials designed to prepare paraprofessionals for their role as teacher aides in classes for handicapped preschool children. The preservice portion of the training program focuses on the special relationships the instructional associate has with the teacher, the preschool, and the child. Chapter I presents information on the responsibilities of instructional associates, with discussion of the role of the teacher aide, relations to other staff, relationships with parents and community, and regulations and procedures. Chapter II presents an overview to preschool programs, including sections on the importance of preschool, advocates for handicapped children, the newly acquired legal rights of handicapped children, different types of preschool programs, different preschool philosophies, and issues related to serving handicapped children. Chapter III looks at developmental skills and how handicaps affect development. The inservice portion of the…

Beaty, Stuart (1979). Perspectives on Offical Languages. Alberta Modern Language Journal, v17 n3 p6-17 Spring. While the Official Languages Act of Canada mandates the governmental use of English and French, it is up to regions, localities, and individuals to develop the attitudes and policies which will safeguard the rights of language minorities (including English speakers in francophone areas) and discourage the cultural isolation of language groups. A reconciliation must be effected between English speakers who resentfully view many anticipated applications of the Act (for example, bilingual package labels) as trivial, and French speakers who view the same applications as tokenism. Bilingualism and cross-cultural understanding, where they exist, have come about accidentally as a result of economic exigencies. Educational planning must now aim specifically at fostering multilingual, multicultural competence. (JB)…

Gordon, Edmund W.; Green, Robert L. (1966). Conference Proceedings: (1) Research Conference on Racial Desegregation and Integration in Public Education; (2) Invitational Conference on Social Change and the Role of Behavioral Scientists. This volume contains the proceedings of two conferences. One conference was concerned primarily with research on racial desegregation and integration in public education, and was highlighted by a paper by Irwin Katz, \Problems and Directions for Research in Public School Desegregation.\ The second conference focused on social change and the role of behavioral scientists. There were papers by (1) Martin Luther King, Jr., \The Social Activist and Social Change,\ (2) Lee S. Shulman, \Reconstruction in Educational Research,\ and (3) S.M. Miller, \Economic and Political Prospects of the Poor.\ Included are summaries of the discussions which followed the various presentations. Additionally, syntheses of group discussions are included in the proceedings of the conference on social change. The proceedings of the research conference were held on September 30, and October 1, 1965, at West Point Farms, Central Valley, New York. The proceedings of the invitational conference were held May 4-6,… [PDF]

Mackey, William F., Ed.; Verdoodt, Albert, Ed. (1975). The Multinational Society: Papers of the Ljubljana Seminar. The Ljubljana seminar, whose background and working papers are presented in this volume, was an outcome of the United Nations' consideration of the problems of ethnic and linguistic minorities. The twenty-five papers cover topics such as the study of multinational societies; the protection of minorities and minority rights in Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Austria, the Soviet Union, India, Africa, Southeast Asia, Israel, Britain, and the Caribbean; cultural diversity; and immigrant problems. Chapters 1-3 are background papers, commissioned by the United Nations Secretariat in preparation for the seminar. Chapters 4-23 are working papers, contributed by the participants and presented in regional groups, starting with Central Europe and going on to include Asia, Africa, and North America. (Author/CLK)…

[Buss, William; Goldstein, Stephen] (1977). Standards Relating to Schools and Education. Juvenile Justice Standards Project [of the] Institute of Judicial Administration [and the] American Bar Association. Tentative Draft. The standards and commentary in this volume are part of a series designed to cover the juvenile justice system and its relationship to the rights and responsibilities of juveniles. This volume on public education is addressed to legislators, courts, lawyers, educators, parents, students, and the general public. The volume proposes standards concerning the right to education and compulsory education, the problem of consents or waivers by students and of the allocation of control of student rights between students and their parents, the general regulatory power of schools, student rights of expression, procedural rights available to students in connection with school discipline, sanctions appropriate for student misconduct, interrogation of students, and searches of students or student-related areas. A chapter setting forth the definitions of terms used is also included. (Author/IRT)…

Coleman, James S.; And Others (1975). Trends in School Segregation, 1968-73. This paper reports work in progress concerning student desegregation among elementary and secondary schools in districts regardless of the source of segregation, and between school districts for the period of 1968-73. The data sources, the statistical reports collected by DHEW, are stated to allow for a detailed statistical analysis of the status and trends in school segregation by race throughout the U.S. First, the state of racial integration among schools within a district in 1968 is examined, followed by an examination of the changes that occurred over the period 1968-1973. The differential changes that occurred over that period of time in different kinds of school settings–in different regions of the country, in school districts of different sizes, and in particular large cities–is seen to be of special interest. Data indicate that, by 1968, desegregation of schools was a far from accomplished task in cities and towns of all sizes in the South, but that in the largest cities,… [PDF]

Steinman, Edward H. (1974). The Lau v. Nichols Supreme Court Decision of 1974. Testimony of Edward H. Steinman before the Committee on Ways and Means of the California State Assembly. CATESOL Occasional Papers, No. 2, Fall, 1975. This document reviews the arguments and the ruling in the Lau v. Nichols case, and the general legal foundation for bilingual education. On March 25, 1970, a suit was filed by 13 non-English-speaking Chinese students in the District Court in San Francisco, on behalf of nearly 3,000 Chinese-speaking students, against the San Francisco Unified School District. The complaints were: (1) non-English-speaking students were being denied their rights to education because they couldn't function in the medium of instruction; and (2) these students were being doomed to becoming dropouts, and to unemployment, as a result of their language problems. Basic issues were whether the San Francisco school district should be required to provide special instruction in English, and whether instruction should be handled by bilingual Chinese-speaking teachers. While the school district and the federal court argued that the school district had no responsibility to rectify the situation, the Supreme Court… [PDF]

(1974). Residential Programming: Position Statements by the National Association of Superintendents of Public Residential Facilities for the Mentally Retarded. Presented is the 1973 policy statement of the National Association of Superintendents of Public Residential Facilities for the Mentally Retarded. It is noted that the 16 superintendents who developed the statement represented varying backgrounds and viewpoints, and that the resulting policy represents a progressive approach to goals of the President's Committee on Mental Retardation. Recognized as a basic premise are rights of the retarded which include the right to live in the least restrictive environment. Given is a definition of residential facility which includes the purpose of developing physical, intellectual, social, and emotional abilities of the resident for return to society or satisfying life in the residential environment. Discussed are the following position statements: (1) support for community programing which involves advocacy programs, provision for persons needing residential care, and resolution of the community and residential dichotomy; (2) support for… [PDF]

Gomez, Rudolph, Ed.; And Others (1974). The Social Reality of Ethnic America. The contents of this compendium are organized in four parts, as follows: Part 1, \Blacks in Transition: An Overview of Afro-Americans,\ includes: \Introduction,\ Clement Cottingham, Jr.; \The New Negro,\ Nathan I. Huggins; \Political Change in the Negro Ghetto, 1900-1940's,\ Martin Kilson; \Minority Group Psychology: Implications for Social Action,\ Alvin F. Poussaint; \The Myth of Coalition,\ Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Harrington; and other essays. Part 2, \Introduction to the American Indians,\ includes: \Introduction,\ Kathleen O'Brien Jackson; \History of the San Felipe Pueblo People,\ Governor Sanchez; \Economic Development of the American Indian and His Lands,\ National Congress of American Indians; \Federal Encroachment of Indian Water Rghts and the Impairment of Reservation Development,\ William H. Veeder; and other essays. Part 3, \Japanese Americans: The 'Model Minority' in Perspective,\ includes: \Introduction,\ Russell Endo; \The Japanese-American Experience:…

(1971). A Compilation of Federal Education Laws. 92d Congress, 1st Session. This report presents a comprehensive compilation of federal laws affecting education and reflects the latest changes in the laws related to elementary, secondary, higher, and vocational education. The compilation includes the School Lunch and the Child Nutrition Acts. (Author/JF)… [PDF]

(1971). The Age of Majority: Guidelines for Local Districts. By state law, the age of majority was lowered to 18 as of 1972. This pamphlet consists of general guidelines for curricula and school programs in response to questions regarding the implications of the new legislation. For example, school districts are requested to re-examine their civics courses in light of new voting age. It is also recommended that they incorporate within their curriculum structure a means by which students may acquire information about and an understanding of: contracts as they apply to personal and real property and insurance; consumerism and economic theory; labor legislation and unions; criminal and civic law proceedings; mental commitment and medical treatment; and, alcohol and tobacco use. (DJB)… [PDF]

Lipset, Seymour Martin (1972). Group Life in America: A Task Force Report. Contents of this book include discussions of the following topics: (1) issues for the 1970s (redefining American pluralism); (2) historic pattern of change (rise and fall of repressive movements); (3) unity in the post-war era; (4) breakdown in consensus (racial equality and black militancy; demand for group rights; anti-war and other protests; white ethnicity revitalized; failure of backlash politics; and attitudes toward political and social institutions); (5) the urban crisis; (6) decline of WASP provincial; (7) the democratic coalition: stable or broken (national coalitions; municipal and state coalitions; shifts in the Roosevelt-New Deal coalition; anti-Catholicism of upper class liberals); (8) crisis of liberalism and political situation of American Jewry (declining Jewish political influence?; Jews and blacks; Jews and conservatives; cleavages in the Jewish community); (9) economic issues and group tensions (income distribution in the U.S.; recomposing the GNP: changing…

Manchikes, Alice, Ed. (1972). The Role of the High School Newspaper: Problems and Solution. Kentucky English Bulletin, v22 n1 p7-28 Fall. The question of whether a high school newspaper should act as a voice of official school opinion or should be an organ of dissent is discussed. A student editor argues that the school administration should recognize the students' right to freedom of the press. A teacher-sponsor argues that the newspaper should be part of the curriculum, acting both as a public relations medium and a voice of student opinion. A principal argues that the newspaper can be an expression of the students' search for truth, but that a line needs to be drawn between freedom of the press and the freedom to disrupt orderly educational processes. A librarian argues that if responsible dissent were encouraged by administrators there would be no need for underground newspapers. The Attorney General of Kentucky states that school publications are free to express opinion as long as it is not libelous, obscene, pornographic, inflammatory, or disruptive of school activities. To help schools solve this problem, a… [PDF]

Carlson, Kenneth (1972). Equalizing Educational Opportunity. Education directly determines life, liberty, and happiness for that segment of the population which can afford better educational facilities. For economically and socially disadvantaged people, education only perpetuates inequality. Financial inequality results in some school districts spending more money per student than other school districts. There is a high positive correlation between a public school student's socioeconomic status and the amount of public money spent on his/her education. What are needed are new forms of school financing where local financing of education is replaced by state, and possibly federal, disbursement of public education funds. However, the essential objective is not to equalize expenditures but to equalize opportunity in the form of compensatory education programs for the disadvantaged, health care for pregnant women, and post-natal instruction in homemaking and baby care. (Author/SB)… [PDF]

Sim, R. Alex (1967). The Education of Indians in Ontario: A Report of the Provincial Committee on Aims and Objectives of Education in the Schools of Ontario. A Strathmere Study. In this 3-month study of aims and objectives for educating Canadian Indians in the Ontario schools, data were collected largely via secondary sources, field observation, and interviewing. It was found that the Ontario government has no policy directed specifically for Indian students; however, the federal government does have policies developed for registered Treaty Indians. In this report, these policies are described along with educational objectives and recommendations to provide for equality, accommodation, and autonomy for Ontario's Indian children. (LS)… [PDF]

Rempson, Joe L. (1972). The Participation of Minority-Group Parents in School Activities: A Study and a Case Study With Guidelines. The purpose of the study was to identify factors that help to explain the dynamics responsible for the participation and nonparticipation of minority-group parents in school activities. This was done to provide guidelines that, specifically, might improve the chances of an elementary school principal increasing the number of minority-group parents who make in-school contacts and that, generally, would have implications for other sectors of American life concerned with the participatory behavior of these parents. This purpose was accomplished by evaluating an experimental self-help parent education program conducted in twenty-seven public elementary schools in New York City (the case study aspect of the investigation) and, integral to this evaluation, making a status study of the school-parent programs and the Parent-Teacher Association programs in these schools and in two other similar schools. The time period covered by the study was the 1965-66 school year. [This document has been… [PDF]

Hering, William S.; Nelson, Jack L. (1976). Developing a Position on Academic Freedom and Censorship. The intent of this paper is to assist social studies teachers in a thoughtful consideration of differing views on academic freedom. Practical information serves as background for forming a set of principles to guide decisions about teaching that involves controversial methods or content. Case studies illustrate several ways in which academic freedom can become an issue in elementary and secondary schools. Historical background demonstrates that the European university tradition has provided much of the basis for academic freedom in American universities, but has had little effect on freedom in elementary and secondary schools. Various definitions of academic freedom are categorized as upholding (1) no grounds for distinguishing academic from general freedom, (2) structurally limited freedom, or (3) professionally limited freedom. Legal restrictions, formal regulations, and self-censorship are shown to be possible sources of infringement upon academic freedom. A set of seven factors… [PDF]

Konig, Andreas (1988). Social Revalorization and Status Enhancement of Persons with Mental Retardation: A New Understanding of Rehabilitation. International Journal of Special Education, v3 n1 p61-71. Mentally retarded individuals are often stigmatized and segregated, though constitutional guarantees in many countries promise them equality. Use of the U.S. court system to secure these guarantees, resulting in deinstitutionalization, individualization of services, and increased employment opportunities, is analyzed and contrasted with the situation in the Federal Republic of Germany. (Author/JDD)…

Stevens, John Paul (1985). Text of High Court's Ruling on Judges' Right to Upset Academic Decisions. Chronicle of Higher Education, v31 n16 p32-33 Dec 18. The Supreme Court's opinion and concurring opinion in a case limiting the right of courts to overturn academic decisions, based on the case of university's dismissal of a student after his failure of an important examination, are presented. (MSE)…

Melnick, Nicholas; Twyman, Linda (1986). Teacher as Exemplar: Freedom in Private Life. Clearing House, v59 n7 p301-04 Mar. Cites court cases where school boards presented evidence that a teacher's lifestyle or conduct provided grounds for dismissal. (HOD)…

Brown, Frank (2002). The Substantive and Procedural Due Process Rights of Students Accused of Criminal Behavior in School and the Educational Rights of Adjudicated Youths. This paper–part of a collection of 54 papers from the 48th annual conference of the Education Law Association held in November 2002– addresses juvenile justice. Its central issue is how to protect children of color in elementary and secondary schools with constitutional due process where attendance is compulsory and, at the same time, maintain a safe school environment. The paper presents changes in juvenile justice–citing a number of federal and state crime bills and court cases–and the impact of those changes. The paper argues that the changes in juvenile justice result in a form of social control of nonhegemonic groups (minorities) by a dominant hegemonic group (white European ethnic groups), and that crime-control laws enacted in the last 2 decades have had a negative impact on children of color engaged in delinquent behavior. The paper concludes with several recommendations, the chief of which is that schools should teach information about the Constitution through the…

Bartlett, Diana; Moody, Sylvia (2000). Dyslexia in the Workplace. This book is designed for both adults with dyslexia and for professionals concerned with helping them, such as psychologists, tutors, therapists, researchers, disability advisors, and welfare officers. It also offers advice to employers on how to help staff with dyslexia. The text covers the nature of dyslexic difficulties and their effects, both practical and emotional. Dyspraxic difficulties are also discussed. Assessment tests are described and reviewed, and recent research is summarized. Detailed advice is given on tackling the difficulties encountered by adults with dyslexia, including work organizations and effective work methods, reading and writing for work purposes, memory skills, oral presentation and interaction, and dealing with the emotions associated with dyslexia. Finally, guidance is given on the British Disability Discrimination Act, and sources of information and help are listed. Throughout the book, there are numerous case studies designed to capture the immediate…

Verhellen, Eugeen (2000). Convention on the Rights of the Child: Background, Motivation, Strategies, Main Themes. Third Edition. Noting that the adoption and entry into force of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989 was an important milestone in history reflecting the changing image of the child, this book examines the relationship between education and children's rights. Chapter 1 deals with motivation, the different but interconnected reasons for increased attention to the situation of children, stressing the historical social construction of the child-image. Chapter 2 describes various strategies for improving children's situation, highlighting the debate around children's competence. Chapter 3 examines wider developments in history, emphasizing the human rights project and the part played by the changing child-image. Chapter 4 discusses the history, content, and monitoring procedure of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Chapter 5 concerns monitoring and focuses on the quality requirements for effective monitoring. Chapter 6 presents information on the practical applicability of…

Sheldon, George H. (2000). Equity for the 21st Century. This paper explores how the education system of the 21st century has reached its current state and discusses where it needs to go, noting that the depth and quality of the education system reflects the wellness of the society. The goal that schools, districts, parents, and governments are attempting to achieve is one of equity for all students. If equity in education is limited, this limits the potential forward progress of each individual and of society. The paper examines the history of federal law related to educational equality and opportunity since the Civil War. It also looks at legislation passed by Texas courts and how it was influenced by federal legislation regarding the funding of education. The paper concludes that to truly provide an equitable system of education, three areas must be made as equitable as possible: funding, curriculum alignment with assessment instruments, and teacher commitment to providing each child with an equitable education. (Contains 12… [PDF]

Pentino, Marc D. (1999). Racial Harassment in Vermont Public Schools. This report presents information from a 1997 community forum of the Vermont Advisory Committee on racial harassment in Vermont public schools. Parents, students, teachers, administrators and community and advocacy group representatives offered their views on racial harassment in the public schools, describing them as hostile and unfriendly places wherein racial slurs, epithets, and physical assaults occurred. The committee concluded that: racial harassment was pervasive in and around Vermont's public schools, and elimination of this harassment was not a priority; coordinated leadership by elected officials, business leaders, and education officials was needed to improve racial relations; existing state law was deficient in addressing these problems; staff shortages and limited resources available to the Vermont Department of Education made it difficult for the Department to set the elimination of racial harassment as a statewide priority; and the Vermont Human Rights Commission had… [PDF]

Goldberg, Paula; McDonald, Shauna; Parker, Rachel (2000). The Road to Work: An Introduction to Vocational Rehabilitation. A Booklet for Youth and Adults with Disabilities, Family Members and Advocates. Second Edition. This booklet for Minnesota young people with disabilities and their families is intended to explain vocational rehabilitation services required under the Rehabilitation Act as amended in 1992 and transition services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The first section discusses vocational rehabilitation, transition services for students with disabilities ages 14 to 21, required transition provisions in the Individualized Education Program (IEP), and the transition IEP meeting. The next section considers eligibility for vocational rehabilitation, applying for services, assessment, and planning. The following section describes the Individualized Plan for Employment (IPE), which identifies job goals and needed services, and discusses rehabilitation technology and supported employment. The fourth section is on financial factors, including determination of "comparable benefits" and consumer financial participation. Next, the rehabilitation appeals procedure… [PDF]

(2004). Integrating Immigrant Children into Schools in Europe: Italy–National Description 2003/04. Eurydice The national contributions contained in this paper formed the basis for the comparative study on the integration at school of immigrant children in Europe. Each contribution has exactly the same structure with four main sections entitled as follows: (1) National definitions and demographic context of immigration; (2) Measures offering school-based support to immigrant children and their families; (3) Intercultural approaches in education; and (4) Evaluation, pilot projects, debates and forthcoming reforms. This paper focuses on the integration at school of immigrant children in Italy. Appended are: (1) Percentage of pupils with non-Italian citizenship out of the total number of school pupils by type of school, region and geographical area–School year 2002/03; and (2) Italian language support in the Marche region in 2003. A bibliography is included. (Contains 4 figures and 5 footnotes.) [CD-ROM is not included with this publication. For related report, "Integrating Immigrant… [Direct]

Uhlir, Ann (1982). The Wolf Is Our Shepherd: Shall We Not Fear?. Phi Delta Kappan, v64 n3 p172-76 Nov. Asserts that the impact of the last decade's legislation providing for sex equity in sports programs has actually reduced professional opportunities for women and has forced women's athletic programs and sports organizations to adopt the competitive philosophy traditional in men's sports. Considers effects of recent court litigation and interorganizational rivalries. (PGD)…

Takaki, Ronald (1982). The Myth of Ethnicity: Scholarship of the Anti-Affirmative Action Backlash. Journal of Ethnic Studies, v10 n1 p17-42 Spr. Rebuts the view of history in Nathan Glazer's "Affirmative Discrimination: Ethnic Inequality and Public Policy," a work which is said to spearhead anti-affirmative action scholarship. Asserts that publicly supported universities may find their legitimacy questioned unless they integrate student bodies and help ensure greater employment opportunities for racial minorities. (Author/GPM)…