Daynes, Kristine S. (1990). Disabilities Act in Action. Personnel (AMA), v67 n10 p11-12 Oct. Eight true or false questions explore implications of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Topics include AIDS, drug abuse, undue hardship, reasonable accommodation, and company size affected by the law. (SK)…

Conley, Terri D.; Rabow, Jerome; Stein, Jill M. (1999). Teaching Social Justice and Encountering Society: The Pink Triangle Experiment. Youth & Society, v30 n4 p483-514 Jun. Studied student reflections and responses when they took on a stigmatized role, wearing a pink triangle in support of gay rights. Many of the 103 college students advanced through stages of identity development and moved to more open and positive ways of thinking about others. (SLD)…

Kirschbaum, Beth E. (2000). The Reasonable Accommodation of Last Resort: A Guide to Reassignment under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Journal of Intergroup Relations, v27 n2 p47-60 Sum. Presents information to help employers, employees, and enforcement agencies understand the scope of the duty to reassign disabled employees, thus providing reasonable accommodation under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Examines the legal framework, case law, and administrative guidelines, proposing a path to follow in determining when reassignment is reasonable accommodation, how to accomplish it, and when reassignment constitutes undue hardship. (SM)…

Standing, Guy (1999). From Labour to Work: The Global Challenge. World of Work, n31 p18-19 Sep-Oct. Discusses the shift from rights of labor through the right to labor, to the duty to labor and the changes that have resulted. Suggests that the result is global awareness of pervasive social and economic insecurity. (Author/JOW)…

Armstrong, Paul; Edwards, Richard; Miller, Nod (2001). Include Me Out: Critical Readings of Social Exclusion, Social Inclusion and Lifelong Learning. International Journal of Lifelong Education, v20 n5 p417-28 Sep-Oct. Social inclusion appears to be an unconditional good. Examination of social policy studies and poststructuralist philosophy suggests that "inclusion" is positioned within a philosophy of identity that denies difference and is thus exclusionary. Promoting social inclusion heightens awareness of difference. The rights of those who choose not to be included must be protected. (Contains 35 references.) (SK)…

Blumenstyk, Goldie (2002). Crusader for the Rights of Research Volunteers. Chronicle of Higher Education, v48 n18 pA34-A36 Jan. Describes how Alan C. Milstein has sued universities and scientists in an effort to protect the rights of people who volunteer as research subjects. (EV)…

Zuriff, G. E. (2002). Inventing Racism. Public Interest, n146 p114-28 Win. Discusses the form racism takes in the United States, highlighting three types of racism that social scientists and scholars find to be pervasive today (modern racism, aversive racism, and implicit stereotypes). All three depart from traditional understandings of racism by being found not in overt actions and expressions but in political opinion, social evaluations, word associations, and rationalization. (SM)…

(2001). Alabama University Professor's View of the Birmingham Bombing Trial. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, n32 p110-14 Sum. Presents the views of Alabama university scholars regarding the historical significance of the 2001 trial of Thomas Blanton for his role in the Ku Klux Klan bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama thet killed four girls. Their discussions note the need to examine the American judicial system, the weak case against Mr. Blanton, and the message of hope the trial provided. (SM)…

Rulli, Daniel F. (2004). Robert E. Lee's Demand for the Surrender of John Brown. Social Education, v68 n5 p306 Sep. The featured document that is the main topic of this article, Robert E. Lee's Demand for the Surrender of John Brown and his Party [at Harpers Ferry], October 18, 1859, is from the Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1780s-1917; Record Group 94, and is in the holdings of the National Archives. As a part of "Teaching with Documents", a regular department of "Social Education", this article provides a number of teaching suggestions using the featured document. It provides a guide for document analysis with students, questions for discussion, suggestions for small group research, and a list of web sites for Cross Curricular Activity….

Morris, Bonnie J. (2005). A Teacher Fears for Kids over Freshly Ambushed Gay Rights. Education Digest: Essential Readings Condensed for Quick Review, v71 n1 p44-46 Sep. In this article, the author talks about the passing of new laws forbidding gay marriage or legal recognition of same-sex unions in the United States and the impact of the gay rights issue on students. Across the nation, faculty who enjoy secure academic appointments, work with caring colleagues, and reside in university towns are subject to new state laws banning gays from adopting children or serving as foster parents, and denying their domestic partnerships any legal status. Here, the author, who lectures on the history of segregation and intermarriage laws in the country, describes how it feels to be the target of state and federal discrimination in a nation that is deeply divided over gay rights…. [Direct]

Amado, Liz Ercevik; Ilkkaracan, Pinar (2005). Human Rights Education as a Tool of Grassroots Organizing and Social Transformation: A Case Study from Turkey. Intercultural Education, v16 n2 p115-128 May. Women for Women's Human Rights (WWHR) — New Ways has been carrying out a "Human Rights Education Program for Women" throughout Turkey for over a decade, in cooperation with community centers. The training has a holistic, comprehensive nature, linking several areas of human rights through a critical gender perspective lens. One of the overarching aims of the program is to support women's grassroots organizing in economically disadvantaged areas by equipping women to mobilize around self-identified needs. This article focuses on the impact of the program on women, methodological factors that contribute to its success and its role as a catalyst to promote social transformation at the local level…. [Direct]

Miller, Katrina R. (2004). Linguistic Diversity in a Deaf Prison Population: Implications for Due Process. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, v9 n1 p112-119 Win. The entire deaf prison population in the state of Texas formed the basis for this research. The linguistic skills of prison inmates were assessed using the following measures: (1) Kannapell's categories of bilingualism, (2) adaptation of the diagnostic criteria for Primitive Personality Disorder, (3) reading scores on the Test of Adult Basic Education, and (4) an evaluation of sign language use and skills by a certified sign language interpreter who had worked with deaf inmates for the past 17 years. Deaf inmates with reading scores below the federal standard for literacy (grade level 2.9) were the group most likely to demonstrate linguistic incompetence to stand trial, meaning that they probably lacked the ability to understand the charges against them and/or were unable to participate in their own defenses. Based on the language abilities and reading scores of this population, up to 50% of deaf state prison inmates may not have received due process throughout their arrest and…

Reindl, Travis (2004). Academic Bill of Rights: Insurance Policy or Trojan Horse?. College and University, v80 n1 p47-48 Sum. Anyone can observe that rising social and political divisions have found their way onto the nation's campuses. In fact, the intensity of debates over issues such as war and peace, homosexuality, and affirmative action have transformed campuses–the marketplace of ideas–into an ideological battleground, with heated rhetoric in lecture halls and beyond. Some groups contend, however, that classrooms on many campuses are places of liberal indoctrination, rather than intense discussion and dialogue. As a result, organizations such as Students for Academic Freedom believe that legislative protections are needed to ensure a free and fair exchange of views. In this article, the author discusses how the Academic Bill of Rights can become the solution to this issue…. [Direct]

Chung, Rita Chi-Ying (2005). Women, Human Rights, and Counseling: Crossing International Boundaries. Journal of Counseling & Development, v83 n3 p262 Sum. The fast-paced movement of globalization has affected all walks of life including professional counselors. As the world becomes more accessible, increased instances of social injustice on a global scale have become more apparent, with women and children being especially identified as victims of social injustice and human rights violations (World Health Organization [WHO], 2003). Professional counselors in developed industrial countries can no longer ignore this situation but instead must be proactive in addressing social injustices and human rights, both on a national and an international level. The purpose of this article is to examine, from an international perspective, the role of professional counselors in the context of working with women both in the U.S. and internationally. The aim of the article is threefold: (a) to heighten awareness and understanding of the interrelationship of global women's issues within the profession of counseling, especially as it relates to women,…

Ryan, Katherine (2005). Making Educational Accountability More Democratic. American Journal of Evaluation, v26 n4 p532-543. Educational accountability is a fundamental right of citizens in a democratic society serving the public interest. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 holds states, school districts, public officials, educators, parents, and students accountable through auditable performance standards. At the same time, the lack of discussion about how to decide what educational outcomes should be typifies a climate of control. This article proposes making educational accountability more democratic by constructing democratic accountability within the context of a local school and/or district as a democratic conversation. The foundations of democratic accountability, the meaning of democratic accountability, and how its meaning is constructed (including accountability for what and to whom and how it is implemented) are outlined…. [Direct]

Peters, Michael A. (2004). The University and the New Humanities: Professing with Derrida. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, v3 n1 p41-57. Recently, Derrida has pointed to the university to come and the future of the professions within a place of resistance, and yet maintained the historical link to two ideas that mediate and condition both the humanities and the performative structure of acts of profession: human rights and crimes against humanity. Derrida (2001a) maintains that the "modern university should be unconditional", by which he means that it should have the "freedom" to assert, to question, to profess, and to "say everything" in the manner of a literary fiction. This article reviews what Derrida calls "the future of the profession or the university without conditions". Second, it focuses on a series of criticisms raised by Richard Rorty against Derrida's concept of literature and on Derrida's status as a "private ironist". Third, the article examines Derrida in relation to the ends of literature and the university, under the impact of globalization and new… [Direct]

Parish, Patricia Ann (1987). Nonviolent Resistance: A Force for Change. A Comparison and Contrast of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. This teaching guide for high school students on the use of nonviolent resistance by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., incorporates active student participation through classroom activities and library research. After completing the suggested activities, students will be able to write an essay comparing and contrasting the lives and accomplishments of Gandhi and King, particularly showing the role of nonviolence in their movements. The unit can be completed in two weeks if library research is incorporated. One week should be allowed if handouts and/or information from a classroom textbook are used. After an introductory classroom discussion, students use a bibliography and worksheets to answer questions about the lives and activities of Gandhi and King, and to compile lists of quotations both by and about them. Half of the class researches Gandhi; the other half researches King. After the individual student research has been completed, the class compiles a list…

Samadi, Sayyed Ali (2008). Comparative Policy Brief: Status of Intellectual Disabilities in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, v5 n2 p129-132 Jun. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, considerable stigma is attached to the presence of a family member with intellectual disabilities, and even in Iran's new constitution, a word with traditional, negative connotation has been retained to refer to persons with intellectual disabilities. While two government organizations have recently become involved with children who have intellectual disabilities, it is estimated that each reaches only a small number of those who need assistance. Applying a prevalence estimate of 2% means that around 360,000 children aged less than 15 years have intellectual disabilities, but just 1.3% of these are known to the Iranian Special Education Organisation. There are no data available on the population of adults with intellectual disabilities. All Iranian children deemed "educable" have the right to 8 years of free education, and those described as "trainable" receive healthcare and rehabilitation services chiefly provided by… [Direct]

(2012). U.S. Department of Education FY 2012 Agency Financial Report. Office of the Chief Financial Officer, US Department of Education The United States Department of Education's (the Department's) "Agency Financial Report" (AFR) for fiscal year (FY) 2012 provides an overview of the Department's financial performance and results and detailed information about the Department's stewardship over the financial resources entrusted to it. Additionally, as required by the Office of Management and Budget's Circulars A-11 and A-136, the report provides information about the Department's performance as an organization, its accomplishments and initiatives, and challenges. The AFR is organized into three major sections: (1) The Management's Discussion and Analysis section provides executive-level information on the Department's history, mission, organization, key activities, analysis of financial statements, systems, controls and legal compliance, accomplishments for the fiscal year, and management and performance challenges facing the Department; (2) The Financial Details section provides a Message from the Chief… [PDF]

Ganter, Granville (2007). Red Jacket and the Decolonization of Republican Virtue. American Indian Quarterly, v31 n4 p559-581 Fall. History has not always been kind to Sagoyewatha, or, as he is more commonly known, Red Jacket. One of the most eloquent spokesmen for Native sovereignty in the early national period, Sagoyewatha was nonetheless accused by his peers of cowardice, alcoholism, and egotism. Fortunately, this picture is beginning to change. Christopher Densmore's recent biography has helped to clear away the cloud of demonization that obscured Red Jacket's life. Literary scholars and historians have begun to frame Sagoyewatha's career as an influential contribution to discourse about Native sovereignty. In this article, the author focuses on one of Red Jacket's best-documented performances, the Ogden Council of July 1819, where the Senecas rejected the offer of the Ogden Land Company to buy most of their remaining reservations. In addition to being one of Sagoyewatha's finest performances–and most effective–it is also one of his least known, the text not seeing formal publication until more than ten… [Direct]

Abilock, Debbie, Ed. (2007). Four Questions to Ask Yourself. Knowledge Quest, v36 n2 p7-11 Nov-Dec. One's commitment to intellectual freedom is manifested not just in the creation of a strong and clear selection policy or the celebration of Banned Books Week but by his or her willingness to examine his or her practices openly with others. In this article, the author proposes four questions to explore in one's teaching and in professional discourse: (1) Why should I make my selection process transparent? (2) What can I do to protect both students and the First Amendment? (3) How can I help students understand global censorship without imposing American values? (4) Why must I confront my deeply held beliefs? (Contains 1 footnote.)… [Direct]

Cabre, Yolanda Aixela (2007). The Mudawwana and Koranic Law from a Gender Perspective. The Substantial Changes in the Moroccan Family Code of 2004. Language and Intercultural Communication, v7 n2 p133-143 May. This paper shows how Koranic Law was enshrined in the Moroccan Family Code (the "Mudawwana") in its first draft between the years 1957 and 1958. The changes that were included in 1993 and especially in 2004 partially modify the philosophy of Islamic resources and give more freedom of action to women. At present, the "Mudawwana Code"–as well as the Tunisian "Madjala Code" from 1956–displays a substantially different content from the rest of the family codes of the Muslim-Arab World. Morocco appears to have taken a clear position regarding the duty of the modern state to uphold equal citizenship, but nonetheless maintains–with rather weak arguments–a polygamous marriage that perpetuates women's subordination to men. (Contains 4 notes.)… [Direct]

Bercus, Costel; Marc, Alexandre (2007). The Roma Education Fund: A New Tool for Roma Inclusion. European Education, v39 n1 p64-80 Spr. In January 2005, the Roma Education Fund (REF) came into existence as a Swiss foundation with the goal of increasing the inclusion of Roma children in mainstream classes in Central and Eastern Europe. The fund gives priority to countries that make a political commitment to design and finance actions to improve Roma living conditions, by taking part in the Decade of Roma Inclusion. The REF is the first concrete step by donors and participating countries to create an instrument to achieve the Decade's goals. This article presents the REF's achievements over the past two years and offers a vision for the fund's future development. (Contains 16 notes.)… [Direct]

Yang, K. Wayne (2007). Organizing MySpace: Youth Walkouts, Pleasure, Politics, and New Media. Educational Foundations, v21 n1-2 p9-28 Win-Spr. While the major urban centers around the country were flooded by millions of protesters demanding immigrant rights in March 2006, the San Francisco Bay Area remained relatively quiet. A coalition of organizers, including Centro Legal de la Raza, Deporten A La Migra, and the Bay Area Immigrant Rights Coalition mobilized a one-week hunger strike, creating media visibility and political pressure despite their smaller numbers. On the morning of March 27th, 2006, a throng of organizers broke camp and prepared to march to U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein's office to demand changes to the bill being constructed by her senate committee. Eventually, thousands of people including teenagers closed down Market Street, the main thoroughfare through downtown San Francisco, to rally in front of Senator Feinstein's office. Youth played a large role in organizing for immigrant rights in cities throughout the country, but in San Francisco they became the critical mass necessary for a significant… [PDF] [Direct]

Gaipa, Mark (2007). \A Creative Psalm of Brotherhood\: The (De)Constructive Play in Martin Luther King's \Letter from Birmingham Jail\. Quarterly Journal of Speech, v93 n3 p279-307 Aug. Scholars have celebrated the spoken word in King's \Letter from Birmingham Jail,\ but they have overlooked the significance of the Letter's writing. In this essay I closely read King's act of writing the Letter, along with the figures of speech he employs in it, and I show how both–by enacting the mass media's ability to cross contexts–are essential to King's political strategy of nonviolent direct action, as well as to the Letter's argument against segregation– an argument that, before the fact, follows the steps we have since come to associate with deconstructive analysis. (Contains 71 notes.)… [Direct]

Hurtado, Sylvia (2007). Linking Diversity with the Educational and Civic Missions of Higher Education. Review of Higher Education, v30 n2 p185-196 Win. In this article, the author discusses the practical, theoretical, and empirical rationale for linking diversity with the central educational and civic mission of higher education. While these links may be obvious to some, oftentimes diversity and race issues are conspicuously absent from discussions about learning and civic education. This research provides additional evidence for the educational benefits of diversity, extending links with learning outcomes, and significantly extending the research defining citizenship in a multicultural society. Finally higher education can achieve its responsibility for advancing social progress, by delineating the issues that highlight the increasing complexity of inequality in higher education and potential solutions…. [Direct]

Mary Ann Indorf (2007). Americans with Disabilities: Guidelines for Higher Education Administrators. ProQuest LLC, Ed.D. Dissertation, University of Bridgeport. The cornerstones of special education law are the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504), and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). One of the main purposes of these acts was to provide a national mandate to eliminate discrimination against disabled students in the workforce and in an educational setting, especially in grades K-12. These laws could also be applied to discrimination in higher education settings. The title of this dissertation was "Americans With Disabilities: Guidelines for Higher Education Administrators". The purpose of this study was to determine whether guidelines concerning appropriate accommodations for higher education students with disabilities could be developed by analyzing case law as well as the ADA, IDEA, and 504. A questionnaire based on court decisions was sent to one hundred higher education administrators, faculty, and staff in Connecticut to determine whether higher education… [Direct]

Essex, Nathan L. (2006). Student Distribution of Religious Fliers in Public Schools: Ten Ways to Invite a Lawsuit. Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, v79 n3 p138-143 Jan-Feb. This article address the legal and constitutional issues surrounding how far school leaders can go in restricting distribution of materials that are viewed as religious in nature. Does restricting the student's right to distribute the flyer amount to a suppression of free speech based on content? Does the principal's action constitute unlawful viewpoint discrimination? Will allowing the student to distribute religious fliers in school suggest that the school endorses religion? Does the type of forum established by the school affect distribution of religious literature by students? It is noted that, although public school students do not possess the same level of First Amendment protection that adults enjoy, their constitutional rights are not lost when they enter school. Section headings in this article are: (1) Forum Analysis and the Judiciary; (2) Viewpoint Discrimination, (3) Religion and First Amendment Rights; (4) First Amendment Rights Restrictions; (5) Equal Access Act; (6)… [Direct]

McNamara, John K. (2006). Human Rights of Children with Learning Disabilities: Meeting Needs and Preventing Failure. Exceptionality Education Canada, v16 n1 p9-23. In Canada over the past two decades many legal disputes have arisen concerning education for children with learning disabilities. Most often these disputes are concerned with equal access for children with disabilities and centre on the notion of appropriate education. Issues concerning equal access to appropriate education have a long history and are now addressed in the Canadian Charter of Human Rights (Section 15 [1]) as well as most provincial human rights codes. This paper reviews three prominent legal cases concerned with appropriate education for children with learning disabilities and also considers a prevention model of learning disabilities with the intent of providing one way to alleviate the legal susceptibilities of education systems. The prevention model presented here emphasizes the importance of strengthening academic results of children at-risk for poor achievement associated with learning disabilities. By promoting an education system where children at-risk for… [Direct]

Peterson, Marla P.; Poppen, William (1993). School Counselors and the First Freedom: A Guide for Responding to Challenges to Developmental Guidance Materials and Programs. This document presents a training guide designed to be used by counselor educators in courses developed to prepare school counselors and by counselors themselves. Noting that recent developmental guidance materials and programs have been challenged for a number of reasons by various groups, the guide draws on the insights of those who have been challenged, the materials provided by organizations that have challenged developmental guidance materials and programs, and the suggestions of organizations that oppose challengers. It attempts to present the views of both challengers and the challenged. The guide is divided into four major sections. Section I deals with the right to challenge and the right to respond. Section II examines both challengers and the challenged. Section III looks at professional actions by professional counselors. Section IV presents resources on challenges and censorship. Included in the guide are seven activities that will put to test the readers' understanding… [PDF]