Weaver, Robert (1975). Housing Problems of Minorities. Integrated Education, 13, 3, 74-80, May-Jun 75. This testimony, before a public hearing of the New York City Commission on Human Rights in May 1974, reviews the status of minority group housing and the effects of federal programs upon it, advocating an approach which recognizes the intrinsic locational and real estate value of many black ghettos. (Author/JM)…

Long, Laila (1975). Barriers to Equalizing Housing Opportunities. Integrated Education, 13, 3, 101-104, May-Jun 75. This testimony, before a public hearing of the New York City Commission on Human Rights in May 1974, by the Assistant Administrator, Office of Equal Opportunity, City Housing and Development Administration, advocates a policy which combines ghetto enrichment with programs designed to encourage integration of substantial numbers of Negroes into the society outside the ghetto. (Author/JM)…

Hoeber, Elizabeth (1975). Open Housing Through Legal Action. Integrated Education, 13, 3, 105-106, May-Jun 75. This testimony, before a public hearing of the New York City Commission on Human Rights in May 1974, by the director of the Open Housing Center of the New York Urban League, notes that the federal government, the City of New York and the State of New York, in both the Division of Human Rights and the Licensing Bureau of the Secretary of State's Office, have power which are seldom used. (Author/JM)…

Taylor, William (1975). Metropolitan Approaches to Desegregation. Integrated Education, 13, 3, 131-134, May-Jun 75. This testimony, before the May 1974 public hearings of the New York City Commission on Human Rights by the Director for the Center for National Policy Review, Catholic University Law School, notes that one barrier to the liberation of black people from a legally-sanctioned caste system is the racially segregated structure of metropolitan areas throughout the nation. (Author/JM)…

Toppin, Edgar A. (1975). Blacks in the American Revolution. Crisis, 82, 7, 249-255, Aug-Sep 75. Re-examines the role played by blacks in the American Revolution, noting that blacks were a substantial portion (one-fifth) of the population, that about eight per cent of them were free, and that more free blacks lived in the South, that slavery existed in all 13 southern states, and that there were more slaves than free blacks living in the North. (Author/JM)…

Katz, Joseph (1968). Student Activism–Its Implications ffor Education and Career Planning. J Coll Placement, 29, 2, 32-35, Dec 68-Jan 69. …

(1979). Chinese and American Women: Issues of Mutual Concern. Wingspread Brief. This article briefly describes a conference of Chinese and American women held to discuss womens' issues and promote mutual understanding between the two groups. The cultural exchange of information at the conference focused on discussion of the All China Womens' Federation (ACWF); the roles of women in China and the United States in the areas of health, education, employment, and the family; and miscellaneous womens' issues. Specifically discussed were: the current campaign of the ACWF to mobilize and organize women to promote China's modernization; current medical issues in the United States such as teenage pregnancy, smoking, and heart disease; China's grassroots health care outreach; the contemporary discriminatory practices against women in U.S. education today; the problem of getting women into high-paying powerful jobs in the United States; the enormous increase in women in the labor force in China since 1949; the problem of divorced women who are displaced homemakers in the… [PDF]

Leverett, E. Freeman (1981). Legal Liability of Individual School Board Members. Federal court decisions and federal statutes have established a number of new rights for individuals in recent years, and the Supreme Court decided in 1975 that school board members have only limited immunity from liability for the possible denial of those rights by school board actions. These two developments have drastically increased the amount of litigation faced by board members. The federal doctrine of limited immunity states essentially that officials are not immune if they "knew or reasonably should have known" that their actions would deprive individuals of their rights or if the actions were malicious, though the degree of immunity guaranteed board members may be changed by the Supreme Court. To avoid liability in federal court actions and in state negligence and libel suits as well, boards should follow due process, move with caution in matters of censorship and maternity leave, seek advice of counsel in advance, state at the outset all the grounds relied on in…

Shur, Janet L.; Smith, Paul V. (1980). Where Do You Look? Whom Do You Ask? How Do You Know? Information Resources for Child Advocates. The focus of this handbook is on institutional rather than on individual neglect and abuse of children. Specific problems facing children are documented and strategies offered for alleviating those problems at the federal, state, and local levels, as well as in the public and private sectors. A discussion is presented on the United States Census and how census data may be used to glean useful demographic information on children. Information is given on federal and state programs that operate in local communities. A section is devoted to information available on selected child-related topics, such as health, employment, income assistance, social services, Head Start, juvenile justice, welfare services, and child abuse and neglect. Guides to specific sources of information are appended. These include federal and state information centers, publications and statistical references available from government sources. (JD)…

Cebulski, Bonnie G. (1977). Affirmative Action Versus Seniority–Is Conflict Inevitable? Monograph of the California Public Employee Relations Program. In this monograph, the Federal equal employment opportunity law (the legislation and litigation on the seniority conflict) and the nature of seniority rights in the public sector are examined. The concept of affirmative action is discussed with reference to legislation and national policy and the interrelationship of affirmative action to layoffs by seniority. Distinctions between the nature of seniority principles and policies in the private sector and the public sector are outlined. Case law on issues of seniority and affirmative action in both sectors is detailed. Each of the major cases on the issue is critiqued. A case study of layoffs in the public sector in California is presented, with particular attention given to minority layoffs. Recommendations are made concerning alternatives by which public employers and employee organizations might meet the need to reconcile the dual pressures for budgetary restraint and for exemplary and fair employment practices for both career…

Howitt, Arnold M.; Moniz, Rita (1976). Ethnicity and Political Organization. Discussion Paper D 76-4. Urban Planning Policy Analysis and Administration. There are circumstances under which ethnicity becomes the basis for political action in contemporary America. For example, the uncertain orientation of Cape Verdeans' political participation in New Bedford stems from the complex nature of their ethnic identity. Despite cultural dissimilarities from and limited contact with blacks in New Bedford, Cape Verdeans have not wholly escaped being identified as blacks by others. And, because of racial status distinctions in American Society, most Cape Verdeans prefer to maintain their ties to the larger Portuguese community in the city. However, the lack of continuing political organization in New Bedford, black political activism in the 1960s, and an eye toward potential political gain encouraged many Cape Verdeans to join the United Front thus adopting the rhetoric of black identity. When circumstances began to change relatively early in the life of the United Front, more traditional patterns of politics were followed. As a result, the…

Legg, Marilyn; Mook, Corena Project: Strategies for Sex Fairness. Legislation's Push for Sex Fairness. One of a series of instructional packets to aid schools in reducing sex stereotypes, this inservice guide for use with school personnel is designed to develop an understanding of the provisions of federal legislation that affect sex equity in vocational education. Legislation covered is Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments and relevant portions of Title II of the Education Amendments of 1976. Additional focus is on social factors that contributed to passage of the legislation. Expected presentation time is about an hour. Contents include a leader's script (material to be presented), three transparency masters, and two handout masters. The packet is designed for use alone, in combination with other packets (see Note), or to supplement existing inservice units. (JT)…

MARTIN, GALEN; And Others (1964). GUIDELINES FOR MUNICIPAL HUMAN RELATIONS COMMITTEES–A MEMORANDUM TO MUNICIPALITIES. GUIDELINES ARE PRESENTED, BASED ON THE EXPERIENCES OF SEVERAL COMMUNITIES, FOR COMMUNITIES SEEKING TO ESTABLISH OFFICIAL HUMAN RELATIONS COMMITTEES. MANY HAVE FORMED BIRACIAL COMMITTEES BECAUSE THEY FACED A CRISIS IN HUMAN RELATIONS. NORTHERN COMMUNITIES HAVE GONE FAR BEYOND THE SIMPLE COMMITTEE STRUCTURE AND HAVE CREATED COMMISSIONS WITH ENFORCEMENT POWERS AND MULTIPLE JURISDICTIONS–COMMISSIONS STAFFED WITH PROFESSIONALS IN THE INTERGROUP RELATIONS FIELD. THERE IS OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE THAT CERTAIN FEATURES ARE VITAL TO THE SUCCESS OF ANY COMMITTEE OR COMMISSION ON HUMAN RELATIONS. IT MUST BE CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD THAT THE PURPOSE OF SUCH AN OFFICIAL BODY IS TO ACT AS AN INSTRUMENT OF ORDERLY CHANGE WITH THE GOAL OF ACHIEVING EQUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL. AGENCIES CREATED BY ORDINANCE, GIVEN ENFORCEMENT POWERS, AND STAFFED BY PROFESSIONALS ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE. ANY COMMITTEE CREATED SHOULD HAVE A PERMANENT BASIS, AND THERE SHOULD BE PROVISION FOR CONTINUITY OF MEMBERSHIP. MEMBERSHIP…

Biklen, Douglas; Taylor, Steven J. (1979). Understanding the Law: An Advocate's Guide to the Law and Developmental Disabilities. This handbook, designed for advocates for disabled persons, focuses on understanding and researching the law. It is presented in seven chapters. Following the introduction (Chapter I), Chapter II provides a glossary of legal terms. The authors point out that in order for the law to serve as a tool for change, its language must be understood by those who advocate for change. Chapter III explains the system and interrelationships of laws at federal, state, and local levels. The four sources of law–constitutions, statutes, court decisions, and administrative regulations–are also discussed. Chapter IV provides an overview of the litigation process, specifically, what litigation is, who litigates, how, and where. Chapter V describes how to research the law. The intricacies of law libraries and indices and digests of laws are discussed. Chapter VI illustrates how to build a case on behalf of a client or constituency. An example based on an actual case is provided. Chapter VII addresses… [PDF]

Jeffers, Dennis W.; Marks, Andrew J. (1980). Perceptions of Media Performance in Reporting the Current Conflict in Michigan Over Indian Fishing Rights on the Great Lakes. A study was conducted to gain an indication of how the mass media are perceived in the performance of their reporting of the conflict over American Indian fishing rights in the state of Michigan. Respondents in the study were 42 participants at a conference on Indian fishing rights sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Central Michigan University in February 1980. The invited participants were representatives from the commercial fishing industry, sports fishing associations, governmental agencies, tribal councils, and educational institutions. Results indicated that (1) all participants were dissatisfied with the accuracy, amount, fairness, and frequency of the news coverage of the conflict; (2) native Americans were more dissatisfied than the non-Indian participants; (3) most participants believed that the mass media should give top priority to reporting the status of treaty litigation rather than to the political concerns of the special interest groups involved; and (4)…

Brophy, Michael C.; And Others (1976). Advocacy and Institutional Racism. The purpose of this paper is to provide a perspective on advocacy and advocate counseling for participants in the University of Maryland Sixth Annual Community-Clinical Workshop, 1976. It attempts to define relevant terms and outline a method of self-advocacy which can, if utilized properly, lessen the impact of institutional racism. The terms, institution, race, racism, advocacy and self-advocacy are first defined. Next, the origin and development of institutions within a social contract perspective is presented. Third, a theory of the development and diminishment of racist institutions in the United States is presented. Fourth, various advocacy efforts are presented and analyzed regarding their impact upon institutional racism. Particular emphasis is made on the distinctions between advocacy \on behalf of\ efforts and self-advocacy efforts. In addition, the Advocate Counseling Model, a self-advocacy approach espoused by authors, is heavily stressed in this paper and in the… [PDF]

Hogue, L. Lynn; Thomas, Mason P., Jr. (1974). Kids and Cops. Law Enforecement Services for Children in North Carolina. Interim Report. This book is designed to meet the practical needs of law enforcement officers working with children in North Carolina. Chapters on the law and children's rights, changes in the law enforcement officer's role, legal procedures applicable to juveniles, the use of juvenile detention resources, and child abuse and neglect contain historical background information, as well as analyze relevant statute and court law. The authors examine the rationale behind the laws pertaining to delinquent, undisciplined, dependent, and neglected children. They emphasize that present-day law is intended to reform delinquent and undisciplined children and to protect those whose families fail to provide protection and safety. The book also includes the text of selected general statutes relating to children in North Carolina. (Author/DS)…

BOULWARE, MARCUS H. (1967). NEGRO LEADERSHIP NEEDS A UNIFIED HIGH COMMAND. GUIDELINES ARE PRESENTED FOR A UNIFIED HIGH COMMAND TO HELP NEGRO LEADERS IN LAUNCHING A FULL-SCALE ATTACK AGAINST DISCRIMINATION AND RACIAL INJUSTICE. AMONG THE SUGGESTIONS ARE–(1) SMALL PRIVATE AUTONOMIES SHOULD BE LIQUIDATED, (2) THE HIGH COMMAND SHOULD ESTABLISH A FACT-FINDING INTELLIGENCE STAFF, AND (3) RESOURCES SHOULD BE COMBINED AND COORDINATED TO ATTACK PROBLEMS IN SUCH A WAY THAT THE GREATEST GOOD WOULD BE ACHIEVED WITH THE LEAST RACIAL DISLOCATION. SUGGESTIONS FOR PUBLIC RELATIONS, SELF-HELP PROGRAMS, AND FINANCING ARE ALSO MADE. IT IS FELT THAT WELL-ORGANIZED LOCAL LEADERSHIP OFTEN CAN ACHIEVE MORE THAN OUTSIDERS WITH GREATER PRESTIGE. THIS ARTICLE WAS PUBLISHED IN THE \QUARTERLY REVIEW OF HIGHER EDUCATION AMONG NEGROES,\ VOLUME 35, NUMBER 3, JULY 1967. (AF)… [PDF]

Bird, Caroline (1978). The Spirit of Houston. The First National Women's Conference. An Official Report to the President, the Congress, and the People of the United States. This is a report of the November, 1977, National Women's Conference. Numerous issues considered as they relate to women include: arts and humanities, battered women, business, child abuse, child care, credit, disabled women, education, elective and appointive office, employment, the Equal Rights Amendment, health, homemaking, insurance, international affairs, media, minority and elderly women, offenders, rape, reproductive freedom, rural women, sexual preference, government statistics, welfare, and poverty. The history of each respective issue, analyses of present problems, and suggested actions which can be taken to solve them are outlined. State adoptions of various resolutions are charted. An annotated chronology of women's history in the United States from 1587 to 1977 is also presented. A report on the Hearing on Disarmament and Peace Issues (held in conjunction with the conference) is included. Reports on public laws, executive orders, conference resolutions, minorities, the…

Brewer, Saundra (1978). The Youngest Minority: Are They Competent to Waive Their Constitutional Rights?. Although juveniles are not considered criminals, it has been only in the last decade that they have been accorded the constitutional rights to fairness and due process of law accorded to adults – – basic rights guaranteed by the United States Supreme Court decision in the Miranda case. However, since a large proportion of youthful arrestees are of low socioeconomic status, intellectual deficiency, poor home background, and low educational attainment, there is great concern as to whether these youth completely understand both what their legal rights are and what it means to waive them. References are made to many legal decisions, and suggestions are provided for re-evaluation of the process by which juvenile confessions are obtained. They include: (1) revision of the wording in the Miranda statement; (2) establishment of stricter criteria for considering a waiver valid; and (3) greater involvement of parents and/or lawyers before questioning occurs. (Author/HLM)…

(1977). Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities of the Committee on Education and Labor on Legislation to Prohibit Sex Discrimination on the Basis of Pregnancy, Part 2, H.R. 5055 and H.R. 6075. House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, First Session. This congressional hearing presents testimony regarding H.R. 5055 and H.R. 6075, which would prohibit sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy. Testimony from various representatives of business and industry is included, as well as a number of prepared statements and letters. Arguments are presented on both sides, focusing on issues such as the possibility of increased costs to employers, the question of discrimination against women, and possible effects on the birth rate. (Author/BP)…

Muhich, Dolores (1974). Sex Discrimination Patterns in Educational Administration. This review focuses on women in educational administration as compared with men. Recognizing sex discrimination as an historical fact, the author begins by discussing some of the current psychological effects of cultural conditioning, examines the counselor role with high school seniors who express an interest in executive and organizational activities, and then turns to those problems encountered in admissions to college and in obtaining financial aid while pursuing the degree. Finally, she deals with the employment conditions existing after the earning of one or more advanced degrees and relating to recruitment, promotions, salary increases, tenure, and trends for the future. (Author/MLF)… [PDF]

Lewels, Francisco J., Jr. (1974). The Uses of the Media by the Chicano Movement; A Study in Minority Access. This book examines the issue of access to the mass media, addressing the specific problems encountered by Chicanos in using television, radio, newspapers, and books to express their viewpoints. Chapter 1 describes the Mexican-American community in socioeconomic, geographic, demographic, and political terms. Chapter 2 explores the Mexican-American press in relation to the Chicano community and also deals with the problem of stereotyping by the mass media. In chapter 3, the rise of the Chicano movement is studied through an examination of media conferences held throughout the country and in relation to the National Chicano Media Council (NCMC). The fourth chapter analyzes the history and process of challenging the mass media, especially the broadcast industry, and chapter 5 discusses specific attempts by the Chicano movement to gain access to the mass media by challenging the legality of various programing and employment practices and by negotiating new contracts that suited…

Smith, Arthur L. (1972). Historical and Social Movement: A Search for Boundaries. This paper is a presentation of what a mass movement pressupposes rhetorically, as opposed to what a movement is in social or historical terms. The author outlines the functions of rhetoric in a movement, in order to establish how the metaphor operates as the essential rhetorical instrument. He states that a mass social or historical movement is essentially a rhetorical campaign, because: (1) a collection of humans interact in order to verbalize their aims, creating the movement; (2) through rhetoric, symbols and metaphors are created, which characterize the ideological direction of a movement; and (3) a movement is the sum total of its adherent's communications activities, internal and external. The author claims that those who would study mass movements must isolate and identify the metaphors: the principal metaphor, which constitutes the basis of the movement, and the minor metaphors, the traditional ones, which are used in production of arguments, attacks, appeals, etc. The two…

Cairns, H. A. C.; And Others (1966). A Survey of the Contemporary Indians of Canada: A Report on Economic, Political, Educational Needs and Policies, Vol. I. As the first of 2 volumes of a survey of contemporary (1966) economic, political, and educational needs of Indians of Canada, this study viewed the difficulties Indians have faced economically and politically. The study took over 2 years to complete, and over 40 scholars participated using interviews, firsthand observations, and questionnaires to gather data. It was noted that personal disorganization is the explanation for the Indian's failure to develop economically, which results in his failure to adjust to the dominant culture. Lack of economic development was reported as the overriding problem confronting the Canadian Indian. The document also viewed the argument of the Indian's right to citizenship status. It was recommended that sources of action be provided which would be profitable for the Indian in terms of improving his position to make his choice in life. Educational needs of Canadian Indians were surveyed in Volume II, ED 035 466. (EL)… [PDF]

(1970). Beyond Desegregation: The Problem of Power. A Special Study in East Texas. This document presents the results of an authorized study of reported school desegregation problems in East Texas. It is designed to be of value to any school district in which desegregation is being planned or implemented. The field studies which provided the basis for the report were conducted in three phases: (1) the preliminary staff inquiry, (2) field study by the members of a special committee, and (3) visits to selected school districts and interviews with local association officers in East Texas. In its four-chapter report, the committee (1) describes and relates to the problems under study the geographic, historical, and current socioeconomic environment in which these problems have developed; (2) summarizes its findings, which fully substantiated the allegations that school desegregation, as it is being implemented in many parts of East Texas, is resulting in the arbitrary and discriminatory treatment of black students and teachers; (3) analyzes the environment of school… [PDF]

Hawthorne, Lucia S. (1972). The Public Address of Black America. The public address of Afro-Americans currently relates mostly to their basic human rights as American citizens. Racism, either on an institutional or individual basis, permeates every facet of black life, and the public address and private communication of blacks focus largely on the experience of racism. Studies of public speaking by black Americans reveal a similarity of themes, based on six recurring topics: politics, housing, employment, education, public accommodations, and self-pride. As long as Afro-Americans are denied their basic human rights, their public addresses will continue to focus on these topics. (An outline for a two-semester college course in the public address of black Americans is included.) (RN)… [PDF]

(1971). Declaration of Barbados. Anthropologists participating in the Symposium on Inter-Ethnic Conflict in South America (Barbados, January 1971) analyzed formal reports of tribal situations in several Latin American countries and determined that Indians of America remain dominated by a colonial situation which originated with the conquest and which still persists today. As a consequence, the several States, the religious missions, and social scientists (particularly anthropologists) must assume responsibility for immediate action to halt this aggression and contribute significantly to the process of Indian liberation. Recommendations for State responsibility include guaranteeing the right to remain Indian and recognizing that Indian groups possess rights prior to those of other national constituencies. The responsibility of the religious missions includes overcoming the intrinsic Herodianism of the evangelical process, and assuming a position of true respect for Indian culture. Anthropology must stop its previous…

Scott, Robert P., Ed. (1969). Literature as Revolt and Revolt as Literature: Three Studies in the Rhetoric of Non-Oratorical Forms. Proceedings of the Annual University of Minnesota Spring Symposium in Speech-Communication (4th, Minneapolis, May 3, 1969). The theme of this symposium was the classic concern about the rhetoric-poetic relationship as applied to modern communication problems. In the first paper, "The 'Vision' of Martin Luther King," Edwin Black postulates that Dr. King contributed to the development of a "revolutionary literature" because of his impact, not only on the public consciousness, but especially on rhetorical procedures and the nature of public persuasion in this nation. In the second paper, "The Open Poem is a Now Poem: Dickey's "May Day Sermon,'" Thomas O. Sloan analyzes the poetry of James Dickey in terms of its structure of "immediacy," wherein the "poem creates the character of its presence" through sound and thus "wreaks violence on our conventional notions of literary language." In the third paper,"Literature and Revolution: The Case of "The Scarlet Letter,'" David W. Noble first defines the attitude of the modern world to… [PDF]

(1976). Family Educational Rights and Privacy. HEW Publishes Final Rules for Implementing the "Buckley Amendment". NACUBO Special Report 76-4. The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare issued final regulations for implementing the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, as amended, which provides greater privacy safeguards to parents and students through the application of fair information practice. As a result of these HEW regulations, institutional policies and procedures must be formulated and implemented by all colleges and universities that receive federal funding under any programs for which the U.S. Commissioner of Education has administrative responsibility. This special report includes three sets of materials: (1) highlights of specific requirements in the final regulations; (2) a reproduction of a portion of the final regulations; and (3) a reproduction of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, as amended. (LBH)… [PDF]