Hodges, Marjorie W.; Petersen, Rodney J. (1997). Legal, Ethical, and Policy Issues. New Directions for Student Services, n78 p45-58 Sum. Summarizes legal issues that pertain to the uses of information technology on campuses. Highlights privacy, freedom of expression, and intellectual property rights. Argues that understanding these legal and ethical issues is necessary in developing an appropriate campus policy. Provides guidance for developing a campus technology policy. (RJM)…

Dowling-Sendor, Benjamin (1997). A Tattoo Is Expression, Too. American School Board Journal, v184 n12 p14-15 Dec. In "Stephenson v. Davenport Community School District," the U.S. Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that schools cannot adopt unduly vague policies to regulate student expression, in this case, a cross-shaped tattoo. (LMI)…

Sendor, Benjamin (1996). Still No Clear Answer on Graduation Prayer. American School Board Journal, v183 n11 p20,22 Nov. Describes the Supreme Court graduation-prayer decision in "Lee v. Weisman" (1992) and implications of the "Jones v. Clear Creek Independent School District" case, which the Court decided not to review in 1993. Discusses the New Jersey graduation-prayer experiment and ruling of third District Circuit Court Judge Theodore A. McKee, whose rationale drew from "Lemon v. Kurtzman" (1971). (LMI)…

Kersten, Andrew E. (2002). African Americans and World War II. OAH Magazine of History, v16 n3 p13-17 Spr. Focuses on the experience of African Americans during World War II on the homefront and in the armed forces. States that African Americans not only fought fascism overseas but also apartheid in the United States, also known as the \Double V.\ (CMK)…

Marshall, Susan E. (1990). Equity Issues and Black-White Differences in Women's ERA Support. Social Science Quarterly, v71 n2 p299-314 Jun. Using data from 1982 National Opinion Research (NORC) General Social Survey, examines women's support for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) by analyzing attitudes about gender and racial equality, and socioeconomic status. Explains Black women's higher ERA approval as deriving from gender-role attitudes, but more important, from experience with, and sensitivity to, racial and economic inequities. Results included in tables. (CH)…

Beckham, Joseph (1990). Harmonizing Alternative Theories of Employment Discrimination: Implications for School District Employers. West's Education Law Reporter, v58 n3 p883-93 Apr 12. Recent decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court appear to create similar standards in employment discrimination cases harmonizing the theories of disparate treatment and disparate impact. Implications of the emerging judicial unification between the two theories are addressed and its relevance to school districts summarized. (MLF)…

Jones, Leeann (1989). Christmas Creche Crisis. Update on Law-Related Education, v13 n3 p35-37 Fall. Offers a simulation in which middle school students examine the constitutionality of a creche being placed on town property. Develops an understanding of (1) the religion clauses of the First Amendment, (2) governmental limitations on religious practices, and (3) governmental regulations that may incidentally support religious beliefs. (LS)…

Frye, Mary Catherine (1989). Response to Professor Sacken. Journal of Law and Education, v18 n4 p529-35 Fall. Disagrees with Professor Donal M. Sacken's contention in Spring 1988 "Journal of Law and Education" that "Eckman" decision resulted in loss of school district autonomy. Agrees with jury that school board's dismissal of unmarried teacher, who became pregnant as a result of rape and chose to bear the child and raise him, was based on an unsubstantiated immorality charge. (MLF)…

Meyerson, Adam (1995). Nixon's Ghost: Racial Quotas–May They Rest in Peace. Policy Review, n73 p4-5 Sum. Discusses reasons for the repeal of government-mandated racial quotas and why this is gaining support from the American people. The author highlights the reason affirmative action is important and why it does not lend itself to bureaucratic oversight in the form of quotas, goals, or timetables. (GR)…

Gibbs, Annette (1995). Student Activity Fees and the Courts: Rights of Speech and Association. NASPA Journal, v32 n3 p232-38 Spr. Analyzes the results of recent court cases concerning the constitutionality of mandatory student fees and discusses their implications for student affairs practice. To date, courts have ruled mandatory student activity fees permissible when they do not unduly infringe on students' constitutional rights. Offers eight principles for designing student fee policies. (RJM)…

Hamilton, James L.; Thiele, Judith E. (1991). Implementing the Early Childhood Formula: Programs under PL 99-457. Journal of Early Intervention, v15 n1 p5-12 Win. This article describes progress made by states and U.S. territories in implementing the Part H program for handicapped infants and toddlers and the Section 619 preschool grants program, both authorized by the 1986 Amendments to the Education of the Handicapped Act. Challenges faced by states include financing, personnel supply and standards, and interagency cooperation. (Author/PB)…

Smith, Judith Osgood (1992). Falling through the Cracks: Rehabilitation Services for Adults with Learning Disabilities. Exceptional Children, v58 n5 p451-60 Mar-Apr. A survey of 353 adults with learning disabilities concerning their knowledge and perceptions of vocational rehabilitation found that there was a large group who were either ineligible for rehabilitation services or dissatisfied with services received. Generally, respondents' knowledge of vocational rehabilitation was limited. (Author/JDD)…

Cage, Mary Crystal (1994). Diversity or Quotas?. Chronicle of Higher Education, v40 n40 pA13-14 Jun 8. The policy of Northeastern University (Massachusetts) to actively recruit and promote openly gay and lesbian employees has provoked heated debate. Some criticize the policy as providing special privileges to homosexuals and violating the spirit of affirmative action; others see it as a logical step in ending discrimination. (MSE)…

Connerty, Paul L. (1990). Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity after Richmond and Wards Cove. Journal of Intergroup Relations, v17 n3 p30-41 Fall. Analyzes two personnel-related decisions–"City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co." and "Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio"–rendered during the 1988 term of the Supreme Court. Examines the impact they are expected to have on two key personnel-centered equity programs, affirmative action and equal employment opportunity. (AF)…

Bain, Linda L.; And Others (1991). Feminist Teaching in University Physical Education Programs. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, v62 n6 p56-71,75-77 Aug. Examines feminist teaching in university physical education. Three articles describe the personal experiences of physical educators who try to teach in ways that promote equality. The articles focus on social diversity and justice and feminist pedagogy in the sport sciences and physical education. (SM)…

Kilson, Martin (1993). Anatomy of Black Conservatism. Transition, n59 p4-19. The emergence of conservative activists among African-American intellectuals in the past decade represents a new leadership stratum among African Americans. The movement is explored, and it is argued that the new African-American conservatism does not represent the sort of natural constituency that old forms of African-American conservatism represented. (SLD)…

Anderson, James D. (1990). Black Rural Communities and the Struggle for Education during the Age of Booker T. Washington, 1877-1915. Peabody Journal of Education, v67 n4 p46-62 Sum. Examines rural African Americans' struggle for education during Booker T. Washington's time, documenting the irony in the fact that, although the age of Washington has come to symbolize dramatic educational gains for African Americans because of his advocacy, Southern rural African-American education during his career actually deteriorated significantly. (SM)…

Bjorklun, Eugene C. (1989). The Equal Access Act: Recent Court Decisions. Religion & Public Education, v16 n2 p217-32 Spr-Sum. Examines court decisions which led to the passage of the Equal Access Act of 1984. Although the act was designed to clarify the issue over the legality of permitting religious clubs to meet on school property, it may have created more confusion. Concludes that the Supreme Court may have to decide the issue. (SLM)…

Cotti, Flavio (1993). The Roots of Our Identity. European Education, v24 n4 p62-67 Win 1992-93. Maintains that Switzerland's national spirit lies in cultural and linguistic diversity. Proposes a "Ten Commandments of Multilingualism" for Swiss citizens who share this core principle of national identity. Concludes that Swiss should be happy and proud to have a nation based on cultural diversity. (CFR)…

Geiszler, Robert W. (1998). Patron Behavior Policies in the Public Library: "Kreimer v. Morristown" Revisited. Journal of Information Ethics, v7 n1 p54-67 Spr. The case of an indigent library patron recovering a judgment against a public library is used as a backdrop for discussing patron behavior policies in the public library. Highlights include First Amendment rights, the public library as an expressive forum, government rules, policy lessons from the case, and acceptable policies. (AEF)…

Ghanem, Elie (1998). Social Movements in Brazil and Their Educational Work. International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale de l'Education, v44 n2-3 p177-89. Reviews grassroots initiatives in Brazil, arguing that despite differences in composition and aims, movements such as landless rural workers, indigenous groups, and the women's movement that have attempted to shift current socioeconomic order toward a new equilibrium, are best described as historic movements. Describes these movements in relation to knowledge. Contains 13 references. (VWC)…

Karpov, Vyacheslav; Lisovskaya, Elena (2001). The Perplexed World of Russian Private Schools: Findings from Field Research. Comparative Education, v37 n1 p43-64 Feb. A study of 19 private schools in St. Petersburg, Russia, including ethnic, religious, and elite schools, found a precarious situation of legal contradictions about their status, dealings with corrupt bureaucrats, and financial instability. The current socioeconomic crisis will likely diminish their number and diversity. Private schools' survival depends on economic stabilization and protection of minority rights. (Contains 41 references.) (Author/SV)…

Banks, James A. (2002). Race, Knowledge Construction, and Education in the U.S.A.: Lessons from History. Race, Ethnicity and Education, v5 n1 p7-27 Mar. Examines research and literature on race and ethnic groups published between 1911-2000, documenting how knowledge created by social scientists, historians, and intellectuals reflects social and cultural contexts and political and economic interests. Notes the competing paradigms and explanations developed in each historical period, explaining that transformative knowledge, when combined with action, helps democratize society and its institutions. (Contains references.) (SM)…

Frank, John Jay (2002). What Are We Teaching about the Americans with Disabilities Act and What Is Missing?. RE:view, v33 n4 p171-81 Win. Some of the problems the Americans with Disabilities Act is causing for individuals with visual impairments are discussed in this article, including the status of the process of accommodations and difficulties with the process of requesting accommodations. The need for rehabilitation professionals to understand the obstacles to requesting accommodations is stressed. (Contains references.) (CR)…

(2000). Using the Juvenile Justice Poster. Teaching Strategy. Update on Law-Related Education, v23 n2 p46-47 Win 1999-2000. Presents a lesson that can help students review and summarize what they have learned about the juvenile justice system. Explains that the students discuss how the juvenile justice system can be improved and conduct a survey on how it might be changed in the future. Provides a copy of the survey and directions. (CMK)…

Landorf, Hilary; Lowenstein, Ethan (2004). The Rosa Parks "Myth": A Third Grade Historical Investigation. Social Studies and the Young Learner, v16 n3 p5-9 Jan-Feb. This article describes how, by comparing multiple perspectives of the story of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott, students can experience first-hand how different published accounts of the same event may contain different information. The author relates the lesson plan of Jennifer Morrow, a third-grade teacher at Coral Ridge Elementary School in Miami, Florida. Using History frame graphic organizers, "expert teams," and five different books about Rosa Parks, the students were ultimately asked the question "Why did Rosa Parks decide to resist an unfair rule that day on the bus?" All of the teams detected differences in the accounts of the protest as presented in the five books, and possible reasons for these discrepancies were discussed. By the end of the class, students came to see Parks' story as emblematic of a community's fight for equal rights, rather than as the isolated protest of a heroine who acted alone out of a spontaneous sense of frustration….

Cerstvik, Joan Preston; Hamilton, Kendra (2004). The View from Topeka: Brown Plaintiffs, Local Officials Recall Victories Won, Declare Battles that Remain to Be Fought: Brown@50– How Far Have We Come?. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n7 p32 May. It's a little-known fact, but, 50 years ago, the junior high and high schools of Topeka, Kan., were integrated–though in name only. Fear was the order of the day at the high school, where an African American assistant superintendent by the name of Harrison Caldwell roamed the halls as the "White folks' enforcer," ensuring that African American and White students didn't fall into casual conversations, keeping the sports teams and dances segregated, herding the Black children into separate assemblies. Fifty years later, Harrison Caldwell and the fear and loathing his reign inspired are little more than bitter memories. And the teachers, students and administrators of Topeka's Unified School District 501 are swept up in a whirlwind of conversations, art and essay contests, and other special programs leading up to a huge community event: the May 17 dedication of the Brown V. Board of Education National Historic Site on the grounds of Monroe Elementary, the most prominent of…

Malveaux, Julianne (2004). Know Your Enemy: The Assault on Diversity. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n15 p32 Sep. While policy-makers and educational administrators decry the underrepresentation of African American students in institutions of higher education, groups like the Center for Individual Rights (CIR) work to limit African American presence on campuses even more. While innovative programmers build programs that will attract African American students to their campuses, CIR attacks programs that are designed for minority students. This article discusses this issue and provides recommendataions for improvement….

Matthews, Frank (2005). Dissecting Diversity Part II. Diverse: Issues in Higher Education, v22 n15 p26-31 Sep. This article presents "Dissecting Diversity, Part II," the conclusion of a wide-ranging two-part roundtable discussion on diversity in higher education. The participants were as follows: Lezli Baskerville, J.D., President and CEO of the National Association for Equal Opportunity (NAFEO); Dr. Gerald E. Gipp, Executive Director of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium; Dr. William Harvey, Vice President and Director, Center for Advancement of Racial and Ethnic Equity, American Council of Education; Dr. Anita Nahal, Visiting Professor, Howard University Graduate School; Dr. Narcisa Polonio, Vice President for Board Leadership Services, Association of Community College Trustees; Dr. Ronald Walters, Distinguished Leadership Scholar & Director of the African American Leadership Institute, University of Maryland; Frank H. Wu, J.D., Dean and Professor of Law at Wayne State University Law School; and Dr. Claire Van Ummersen, Vice President and Director, Office of Women… [Direct]

Henry, Charles P. (2004). A World View of Race Revisited. Journal of Negro Education, v73 n2 p137-146 Spr. \Globalization\ is the hot new term to explain an old phenomenon. As early as 1936, Ralph Bunche contended that the \inequality of peoples\ was becoming an organizing theme for political and economic life across the globe. He introduced the concept of \social race\ to explain the consciousness of environmental and social conditions when manifested in groups of people. Economic and political systems, not biology, play a crucial role in the construction of a \social race.\ (Contains 3 footnotes.)… [PDF]