Phair, Tom Spencer (1975). Changing Characteristics of Newly Employed Faculty in California Community Colleges as Perceived by Deans of Instruction. In this survey-based study, an attempt was made to trace changes in the characteristics of newly-employed, full-time faculty in public California community colleges over a seven-year period. Demographic data, including age, sex, residence, highest degree held, and most recent professional experience of new faculty were collected from all public and private community colleges in California. Selected Deans of Instruction were subsequently asked to give their interpretations of the implications of these characteristics. Results of the survey indicated an increase in the number of new faculty holding doctoral degrees, although fewer new faculty were coming directly from graduate school, and an increase in the number of new faculty with less than master's degrees, due to changing student demands for instructors drawn from the real world of work. An increase in the number of women being selected for employment indicates the growing success of affirmative action programs. The average age… [PDF]

(1973). Women in 1972. A letter of transmittal from the Citizen's Advisory Council on the Status of Women (CACSW) to President Nixon introduces the 1972 third annual report. The central thrust of the report is the recommendation for equal status for women directed to Federal agencies throughout 1972. A detailed discussion of the legislation includes: (1) the Federal and State Equal Rights Amendments, (2) Title IX of the Education Amendment, (3) Title VII of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act, (4) Equal Pay Act, and (5) Executive Order 11246 to develop and implement affirmative action programs. The progress of women's achievement of equal employment in Federal government, Civil Service, and military service positions is reported. Recommendations on credit and manpower training and a report of the public service activities of the council conclude the report. A 57-page appendix includes: (1) lists of women in government, (2) sections on women's rights in the 1972 Republican and Democratic platforms. (3)… [PDF]

Cooke, Eileen D. (1974). Statement for the Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropriations of the House Committee on Appropriations, March 22, 1974. This statement by the American Library Association (ALA) for the Subcommittee on Legislative Appropriations of the House Committee on Appropriations endorses the Library of Congress request for funding in 1975 and requests that funding be increased for the Office of Superintendent of Documents for the same period. The value and importance of several activities of the Library of Congress is commented upon, specifically: the National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging, the PL-480 Program for India, the work of the Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, and the Affirmative Action Program. Some of the services of the Office of Superintendent of Documents vital to libraries and the American public are described, and the problems besetting the Office (sharp price increases and backlogged orders, for instance) which have an adverse effect on both groups are discussed. The ALA also urges increased financial support for the Depository Library Program of the Office so that… [PDF]

Pascua, Reynaldo, Jr. (1976). Rural Asian Americans–An Assessment. A Report of the Yakima Valley Asian American Task Force. Underlying this report on Asian Americans in Central Washington State is the concept that Asian Americans do have common problems, experiences and needs. An extension of this concept is that Asians should point out institutional racism when appropriate, and take their place as members of American society in the dual spirit of self-determination and cultural pluralism. Included in this report are statistics on Yakima Valley Asian Americans, a brief look at the historical process, and a special section headed "Attitudes and Employment". This final section, divided into three topics, is the most important. The employment attitudes toward Yakima Valley Asians are examined in light of the jobs Asians presently occupy, the general employment picture in the Valley, and the area's"Affirmative Action" programs. The problem outlined in the final section requires the concern of Asian Americans and non-Asian Americans. Information was culled from government documents and… [PDF]

Crawford, Chemene (1997). A Demographic Study of California Community College Chief Executive Officers. A survey consisting of multiple choice and free response questions was administered to California Community Colleges (CCC) chief executive officers (CEOs) in fall 1996 to identify some of the similarities in the professional practices and patterns to success among this group. Of 125 CEOs surveyed, 81 or 65% responded. Multiple choice results included: the majority came from within the community college field; most were from blue collar homes; 64% were in their first presidency; more than half had been in their current position for 5 years or less; 69.14% were white; 69% were men; most were between 51 and 60 years of age; 88% had earned a doctoral degree with over half having the Ed.D.; more than half belonged to the Rotary as a civic membership; the majority did not feel affirmative action helped them to become community college presidents; and 74% had a role model. Free response question results included: collective bargaining issues were a major problem; shared governance (brought… [PDF]

Blackwell, James E. (1999). The African-American Experience at the University of Massachusetts Boston: Challenges and Future Directions. Occasional Paper No. 45. This paper presents the history of diversity, equality, and black studies at the University of Massachusetts Boston from the perspective of a professor who helped found the Black Studies Department and worked to promote gender equity. When he first arrived in 1970, Boston was segregated, and there were few black faculty members. He joined forces with a female professor who was concerned about the problems of women on campus, and established the first Affirmative Action Task Force there. They also established a Black Studies program within the department of Sociology. A few additional faculty and staff of color were hired, and an active Black Faculty and Staff caucus was organized. With pressure and assistance from this group, the first person of color was hired as Associate Provost. The professor served on many campus committees to give a voice to the concerns of people of color. The William Monroe Trotter Institute was founded in the 1980s. It assumed leadership in conducting a… [PDF]

Lopach, James J.; Luckowski, Jean A. (2002). Freedom versus Equality in Campaign Finance Reform. Social Studies, v93 n3 p124-129 May-Jun. From the beginning of the U.S., the political values of freedom and equality have received top billing. However, these core values can come into conflict in the making of public policy. For example, affirmative action can provide substantive equality in the form of a job or college admission to some at the expense of others' freedom. The same tension exists in some approaches to campaign finance regulation. One reform is to "level the playing field" by reducing the ability of wealthy citizens to contribute money to candidates and the ability of corporations and unions to contribute large sums to political parties. Giving poorer citizens a louder voice by silencing the voices of those with more money places the value of equality in opposition to the value of freedom. In this article, the authors discuss ways for resolving the conflict between freedom and equality in campaign finance reform. Debate over new campaign finance regulations has prominently occupied members of… [Direct]

(1990). Indicators for Institutional Effectiveness, 1990-1991. Research Report Number 63. Data on ten aspects of the institutional effectiveness of Howard Community College (HCC) are presented in this report. Section 1 provides actual and projected enrollment figures. Section 2 assesses quality of instruction in terms of student survey responses, full-/part-time faculty ratios, and faculty salaries. Section 3 focuses on educational outcomes, including degrees and certificates awarded, goal achievement among students, employer satisfaction with graduates, and student satisfaction with preparation for transfer. Section 4 considers graduation and retention rates, course success rates, cooperative education placements, characteristics of continuing education students, and non-credit course enrollment patterns. Section 5 describes facilities' enhancements, including classroom utilization data on campus and at continuing education sites in Howard County. Section 6 provides graduates' ratings of college services. Section 7 looks at instructional programs planned for fall 1990… [PDF]

(1976). National Apprenticeship and Training Standards for Sign, Display, and Allied Workers Industry. Revised. These national standards are designed to provide a uniform pattern for establishing and operating effective apprenticeship programs for sign, display, and allied workers. Included in the volume are the following: provisions of the standards (definitions, qualifications for apprenticeship, selection of apprentices, terms of apprenticeship, related instruction, ratios of apprentices to journeymen, apprentice agreements, probationary periods, apprentice wages, veterans allowances, credit for previous experience, basic hours of work for apprentices, supervision of apprentices, consultants, accident prevention, adjusting differences, work experience, and certificates of completion); adapting national standards to local use (local joint apprenticeship committees, coverage, duties of local committees, responsibilities of apprentices, modification of standards, filing with the registration agency, and cooperating agencies); and federal laws and regulations affecting the employment and… [PDF]

(1980). Annual Report to the Board of Trustees, School Year 1979-1980. Financial and program information are presented in this five-part annual report summarizing the instructional and administrative activities of Cuesta College and the San Luis Obispo Community College District during l979-80. Part I examines the status of eight areas under the supervision of the Office of Educational Services: curriculum development, evening classes, library services, occupational education, instructional staff utilization, handicapped student services, counseling and guidance, and community services. This section presents enrollment data, library circulation statistics, an examination of faculty workload, and a discussion of the fiscal status of community services after the passage of Proposition 13 in 1978. Part II examines the expenditures and activities that relate to admissions and records, veterans affairs, the bookstore, campus security, student government, athletics, food service, and transportation. Overall financial data are presented in Part III, including…

(1980). Problems in Urban Centers. Oversight Hearings before the Committee on the District of Columbia. House of Representatives, Ninety-Sixth Congress, Second Session on Problems in Urban Centers, Washington, D.C., and the Federal Government Role (June 25, 26, 27, July 23, 24, 30, and September 30, 1980). [Volume I]. Serial No. 96-16. This is a transcript which documents 1980 hearings of the House of Representatives Committee on the District of Columbia. The transcript compares past and present conditions in Washington, D.C. and other American cities; surveys how Federal assistance has helped or hindered the ability of cities to confront urban problems; and explores how Federal government resources can best aid cities. Washington, D.C. receives the most attention (it is called a "prototype of America's major urban central cities"). Other urban centers considered in relative depth are Atlanta, Miami, Watts, and Detroit. The 35 witnesses whose testimony is presented came from universities, research centers, community programs, and government. Special material is presented from newspapers, the U.S. General Accounting Office, the District of Columbia police department and school system, the Congressional Research Service, the National Community Action Agency, the National Urban League, the National Urban… [PDF]

(1996). Building for Reauthorization: Background and Analysis. The report provides background information on the next reauthorization of the federal Higher Education Act, and is intended for college and university financial aid officers. An introductory section chronicles the history of federal legislation for student financial aid. The next section outlines the congressional reauthorization process, including relevant committees, impact of congressional personnel changes, procedures (hearings, committee markup, floor consideration, conflict resolution), the critical factor of costs, and the role of congressional staff in negotiating legislation. Another section is devoted to factors that can influence the outcome of the legislative process including elections and retirements, emergence of leadership, committee membership, and the president and administration. The current reauthorization climate is then examined, exploring such issues as trends in cost of education, program costs, changes in groups targeted by legislation, grant/loan imbalance,… [PDF]

(1979). Massachusetts Career Guidance Handbook. Guidelines to aid in formulating a workable career guidance program at the local level are provided in a handbook for Massachusetts counselors and educators. An overview of the handbook and a position paper of the State Board of Education are presented in chapter 1. The next five chapters discuss (1) program planning and development; (2) school and community resources; (3) laws, regulations, and policies; (4) career guidance techniques; and (5) work exploration and placement. Chapter 2 contains an outline for planning and developing a career guidance program: the planning process (an overview), needs assessment, setting objectives, evaluation, and follow-up. Chapter 3 provides methods and programs for organizing and using school and community resources, including developing a resource directory, career guidance resources, career resource centers, and communicating with the public. Chapter 4 deals with federal and state laws and regulations related to youth employment and to equal…

Losak, John; And Others (1979). Background Information concerning Miami-Dade Community College. Seven essays are presented that deal with the students, instruction, and administration of Miami-Dade Community College (MDCC). First, John Losak considers the M-DCC student population since 1969, providing data on ethnicity, age of students, male/female enrollments, foreign student enrollments, program diversity, skill level of enrolling students, and full-/part-time enrollments. Robert H. McCabe describes the restructuring of programs and policies and the student flow model developed at M-DCC to meet the challenge of increasing student diversity, declining enrollments and financial and public support, and changing federal goals. J. Terence Kelly and Richard Schinoff examine M-DCC policies concerning the academic diagnosis and placement of entering students, discuss various approaches to student advisement, and describe the academic alert program which is used to periodically inform students about their performance in relation to M-DCC's standards of academic progress. Piedad F….

Linnell, Robert H. (1979). Age, Sex and Ethnic Trade-Offs in Faculty Employment: You Can't Have Your Cake and Eat It Too. Age, sex, and ethnic trade-offs in faculty employment in higher education give rise to dilemmas–situations requiring a choice between equally undesirable alternatives. When an over-age-65 faculty member retains a full time position, someone else–probably a woman, ethnic minority, and/or young person–is deprived of a position. The problem of age discrimination against older people becomes the probably worse problem of age discrimination against younger people. Losses to the nation's future are seen in negative impact on young people's professional careers and negative feedback to secondary and undergraduate students who will not consider academic careers. National demographic and enrollment projections and associated faculty requirement forecasts share a pessimistic prediction of faculty demand in the 1980-90s. Recommendations include expanding adult enrollment, increasing retirement and/or quit rates, and providing interim alternative \academic-like\ employment. Given the…

Marcus, Laurence R. (1996). Fighting Words. The Politics of Hateful Speech. This book explores issues typified by a series of hateful speech events at Kean College (New Jersey) and on other U.S. campuses in the early 1990s, by examining the dichotomies that exist between the First and the Fourteenth Amendments and between civil liberties and civil rights, and by contrasting the values of free speech and academic freedom in the university to the failure to provide equal protection to students. An introductory chapter reviews the precipitating events at Kean College, when speakers from outside the college (Leonard Jeffries, Khalid Abdul Muhammad, and Louis Farrakhan) polarized the campus. African Americans felt their cultural event had been treated with disrespect; Jewish students, faculty, and staff were upset that a speaker known for anti-Semitic attitudes was allowed to speak without confronting those whom he defamed; Hispanics saw a plot to get rid of the Hispanic president. Succeeding chapters cover changing U.S. demographics and attitudes; the…

Crosson, Patricia H.; Finlay, Cheryl Schratz (1981). Women in Higher Education Administration: Status and Strategies. Administrator's Update, v2 n3 Win. The status of women in higher education administration and strategies for increasing their numbers are considered, based on research studies on women and job structures in higher education, and from information on organizations and programs. General observations based on the studies include the following: women are underrepresented in major college policy-making positions and are clustered in low-level and middle-level stereotyped administrative positions; the problem is especially severe for minority women; women administrators are paid less than male administrators; the structure of the job market in higher education limits opportunities for women in higher education administration; and steady-state conditions in colleges and universities will jeopardize recent gains for women. Strategies to improve the situation may involve national and regional organizational activities and institutional practices and programs. Specific women's organizations and councils/caucuses of more broadly… [PDF]

Karlesky, Joseph J. (1977). Federal Regulations at Franklin and Marshall College. Administrators were interviewed at Franklin and Marshall College, a small private liberal arts college in Pennsylvania, to learn the impact of federal regulation on the institution. These issues were discussed: (1) what federal regulations affect the interviewee's responsibilities and which are of greatest concern; (2) how the interviewee assesses the costs and benefits of the regulations; (3) ways in which the tone and operation of the offices have changed; (4) what files or position papers might aid in analyzing the changes; (5) how regulations have shaped the college as an institution; and (6) how the interviewee assesses the administration of the regulations and their general consequences. A discussion of the survey results includes the following issues and elements: financial and time costs; regulatory costs and the institution as an employer; occupational safety; physical plant; legal costs; the Employee Retirement Income Security Act; the college as a nonprofit institution;…

(1997). Master Plan Policies for Illinois Higher Education, 1997. This document presents new or revised master plan policy statements for various segments of Illinois higher education. Chapter 1, on statewide goals and organization, lists goals for Illinois higher education, for coordination and planning, for the Board of Higher Education membership; and briefly discusses the organizational structure of public higher education institutions in Illinois. Chapter 2 presents institutional focus statements for public universities (Chicago State University, Eastern Illinois University, Governors State University, Illinois State University, Northeastern Illinois University, Northern Illinois University, Western Illinois University, for Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and Edwardsville, and for the University of Illinois at Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign); public community colleges; and independent colleges and universities. Chapter 3, on instruction, offers policy statements concerning undergraduate education, workforce preparation,… [PDF]

(2021). Racial Preferences. Blueprint for Reform. James G. Martin Center for Academic Renewal Today, colleges and universities use overt admissions preferences to create student bodies that reflect the ethnic, racial, or gender demographics of the population–at the expense of academic merit and preparedness. While the original aim of the policy was to end discrimination and promote fairness, it has led to unequal treatment on the basis of race, gender, economic status, and national origin. There is evidence that racial preferences not only fail to provide any long-term equality, but also hurt minority students, especially those whom it claims to help. In this document, the Martin Center recommends steps that legislatures, university boards, and faculty governing committees can take to end the use of racial preferences on college campuses and recommit themselves to nondiscrimination, equality of opportunity, and academic freedom…. [PDF]

Yatani, Choichiro (1996). Anti-Immigration Movements in the 1990s: A New Perspective in the Post Cold War. The United States has been through anti-immigration movements every few decades since its founding. A new face of the anti-immigration movement can be seen emerging from current events including: (1) California's Proposition 187, under which illegal immigrants are barred from public education and teachers are required to report illegal immigrants and their children to authorities; (2) House of Representatives welfare reform initiatives including student financial aid cuts and cuts in job training; and (3) various ordinances making English the official language. An important aspect of the current anti-immigration sentiment is opposition to Hispanic and Asian immigrants, as opposed to Anglo Saxon immigrants. This focus on non-Anglo immigrants underlies a larger conflict based on socioeconomic disparity, with children and their education often getting caught in the middle. The confused politics of liberals and conservatives as they address immigration and related issues, such as… [PDF]

(1993). B-WEST Regional Workforce Training Center. Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades. Employer Training Guide. This guide, which was developed during the B-WEST (Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades) project, includes materials for use in training and providing on-site consultations to contractors, managers, supervisors, office/technical staff, and others in two areas: diversity in the workplace and sexual harassment in the workplace. Part 1, which deals with managing a diverse work force, is divided into two sections. The first section includes the agenda and instructional materials for a presentation on what managing diversity entails, values that shape attitudes toward business and work, work force issues, the changing business climate, and sensitive issues in the workplace, and the second section contains a workshop plan and handouts from a published training guide. The first half of Part 2 consists of text, a 33-item bibliography, and a sexual harassment awareness test excerpted from a published training guide; the second half consists of excerpts from a 1992 employer's guide to… [PDF]

(1993). Faculty Handbook for Full-Time Instructors. Revised. Designed for use by full-time faculty at Illinois Valley Community College (IVCC), this handbook provides information regarding responsibilities, procedures, and available services. The first section provides a calendar of campus events for 1993-95, a hierarchical chart of instructional administration, and information on the responsibilities of full-time instructors at IVCC. This section also presents a chart of IVCC's expectations of faculty with respect to attendance and participation in campus activities, a list of responsibilities of full-time counselors, and information on tenure. In addition, this section offers practical suggestions for scheduling classes, a description of a separate handbook on minimum teacher qualifications, and procedures for obtaining competency status for a course. The second section describes campus support services, facilities, and use policies, as well as guidelines regarding professional travel, leaves of absence, student admissions/class attendance,… [PDF]

Sandefur, Gary D. (1991). Economic Development and Employment Opportunities for American Indians. American Indian unemployment remains high despite efforts by tribes and the federal government to improve employment opportunities. Persistently high unemployment among Indians has resulted in low family incomes and high poverty rates relative to Whites. Particularly serious on reservations, these continuing problems are related in part to low educational attainment and poor health among American Indians. Federal agencies and programs that affect employment are the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indian Health Service, Department of Agriculture, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, and federal employment programs. Policies and strategies to address employment problems emphasize Indians as: members of tribes administered by tribal governments; members of a minority group; or members of a larger disadvantaged group in need of better education and training. The evidence suggests that strategies relying on tribal governments have had limited success but have been hampered by lack of… [PDF]

Scheetz, L. Patrick (1992). Recruiting Trends 1992-93: A Study of Businesses, Industries, and Governmental Agencies Employing New College Graduates. 22nd Anniversary Edition. This report examines expectations of employers hiring new college graduates for the 1992-93 labor market, based on a survey of 504 organizations. Survey questions focused on: anticipated changes in job market demand and hiring trends for new college graduates; expected starting salaries; campus recruitment activities; salaried employees in overseas locations; minorities, women, and foreign nationals hired for 1991-92; new hires with no experience last year; international placement programs; reorganization activities and results experienced; advice for new graduates who cannot find jobs; shortages of qualified women and minority candidates; anticipated change in starting salary offers; estimated starting salary averages; offers of \parachutes\ to new college graduates; campus visits last year and expected this year; new and emerging occupations; job categories yielding most employment opportunities; compensation plans and retirement benefit packages; characteristics of outstanding… [PDF]

Strober, Myra H.; And Others (1993). Report of the Provost's Committee on the Recruitment and Retention of Women Faculty. A committee studied the recruitment and retention of women faculty at Stanford University (California). The committee gathered data in four ways. First, they looked at Stanford-wide data on number and percentage of women faculty by school and department and reviewed faculty salary information by gender. Second, they compared Stanford data with data from comparable institutions for number and percentage of women. Third, they collected data on the experiences of faculty members through focus groups of a stratified random sample of junior faculty and young senior faculty; through review of questionnaires returned by faculty members; and through telephone interviews with a matched sample of faculty women and men, who had left Stanford in the past 5 years. Fourth, they spoke with department chairs about their recruitment and retention procedures and with chairs of recent faculty search committees about their recruitment procedures. Fifth, they gathered information on the use of the…

Libby, Patricia A. (1983). In Search of a Community College President. Designed for governing boards, search committee members, and aspiring community college presidents, this booklet examines different institutional procedures involved in the search for and selection of a community college president, and outlines relevant problems and issues that should be considered at various phases of the process. After introductory material highlights the time and money involved in the search process, two models for the in-house presidential search are reviewed. Based upon these models, a basic framework for presidential searches is presented consisting of the pre-planning phase; the appointment of an acting or interim president; the creation of a presidential search committee; board review and update of institutional objectives; determination of the president's role, job description, and qualifications; solicitation of nominations and applications; screening, assessing, and narrowing the pool of applicants; selection of a new president; and making the offer and…

Wharton, Clifton R., Jr. (1986). Public Higher Education and Black Americans: Today's Crisis, Tomorrow's Disaster?. Declines in high school and college attendance and completion for blacks, factors that contribute to this decline, and strategies for improvement are addressed by the Chancellor of the State University of New York. Black youth attend college disproportionate to their representation in the population, in large part because of the high school dropout rate. Blacks attending college are much less likely to complete a baccalaureate program than whites, and too few black graduate and professional students enter promising fields. Black women outnumber black men on college campuses by a substantial margin. Important variables in educational attainment are the self-image and aspiration of black youth and the pervasive stereotype that blacks are academically deficient. A broad-based effort to foster stronger, more competitive, achievement-oriented self-images is advocated. The role of the family and values such as discipline, hard work, and ambition are emphasized, as well as an important…

Como, Perry; Hagner, David (1986). Community Work Development: A Marketing Model. This manual is concerned with developing community-based work for persons with disabilities, particularly disabled workers in segregated settings and individuals who are considered not yet ready for or capable of work. The first part of the publication deals with the following topics: the concepts of community, work, and severe disabilities; the pros and cons of a two-client model; marketing principles (strategies for developing a business approach and product definition and development); provision of company services (assessment, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring); job positions as variables and job creation as problem solving; and organizational implications for agencies (implications for a marketing approach and for community programming). The second part of the guide consists of case studies of a manufacturer of small electronic motors, a bakery, a power company, and an apartment complex. Concluding the guide is a descriptive listing of 48 different services that… [PDF]

(1985). Guidance and Counseling: Ensuring the Rights of Students. Guidance counselors believe that all students, regardless of sex, race, handicap, or national origin, have an inherent right to make informed career decisions, and to manage their own lives. A variety of barriers sometimes prevent the realization of this ideal for women, minorities, handicapped persons, and ethnic groups. Counselors must address these barriers to occupational equity. These barriers include negative beliefs, cultural blindness, white male standard, occupational stereotypes, limited role models, lack of occupational skills, lack of career management skills, inadequate counselor preparation, weak career guidance programs, little adult guidance, discriminatory employment practices, and biased materials. Activities which may prove useful to address barriers include: (1) increasing counselors' awareness of cultural differences; (2) analyzing enrollment data to identify disproportionate enrollments in vocational programs; (3) ensuring that counselors can communicate with… [PDF]