Hufner, Klaus (1984). The Right to Education: The Case of the Federal Republic of Germany. This paper investigates the extension of educational rights to girls, working class children, and the children of migrant workers in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The first section discusses the theoretical basis of affirmative action in West Germany, legal provisions for attaining equality in education, and basic features of the West German educational system. Section II presents a legal overview of the right to education at the national and international levels. Although the German constitution does not contain an explicit "basic right to education," German policy is said to have been shaped by judicial interpretation, the influence of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, and the FRG's acceptance of the European Social Charter. Developments in German education, from 1960 to 1980, are outlined in Section III. Statistics are presented to document increased government expenditures to meet the growing demands of German students. Discussed next are…

(1989). Graduate and Professional School Applications, Admissions and Enrollments (1981-1988): A Status Report on Ethnic Groups Underrepresented at UC Davis. Research Synopsis No. 29. This report describes postgraduate enrollment trends for ethnic groups underrepresented at University of California, Davis. The UC Davis Student Affirmative Action (SAA) Plan identifies the following groups as underrepresented in both the Graduate Division and professional schools: American Indian, Black/African-American, Chicano/Mexican American, Filipino/Pilipino, and Latino/Spanish-American. The report refers to this group collectively as SAA students. The Plan also designates Asian students to be underrepresented in certain graduate fields as well as in Management and Veterinary Medicine. The number of students from underrepresented ethnic groups applying to and enrolling in the UC Davis Graduate Division increased dramatically between 1981 and 1988, resulting in a doubling of the proportion of SAA students. Applications to UC Davis professional schools of Management, Law, Medicine, and Veterinary Medicine declined overall from 1981 to 1988; the number of SAA applicants declined… [PDF]

Lusane, Clarence (1997). Race in the Global Era. African Americans at the Millennium. Race is only one of the prisms through which to examine the political and social life of Americans, but it is one in which there has been insufficient determination of contemporary dynamics. For this discussion, the most important issue is the debate within the black community regarding the nature and causes of the crisis facing African Americans and the pathways toward solutions. The essays in this book explore manifestations of contemporary racial politics and the ways in which race crisscrosses and unites the span of society. The following essays are included: (1) "Globalization's Impact on Race Relations"; (2) "If I Were a Rich Man: Race, Gender, and Poverty" (welfare reform); (3) "California Scheming" (affirmative action, race, and politics in California); (4) "To Be or Not To Be? Race, Class, and Ebonics"; (5) "O. J. and the Symbolic Use of Racial Exceptions"; (6) "Thug Life: The Rap on Capitalism" (black cultural…

McCuen, Sharon J. (1989). American River College Human Resources Development Plan, Report 1988-1989. Implementation and Evaluation and Plans for 1989-1990. In 1988, American River College (ARC) formed a staff development advisory committee to respond to Assembly Bill (AB) 1725, which provides funding for locally developed staff development programs. The committee determined that structures were already in place for a comprehensive staff development effort and that those structures should be used to implement an expanded program under AB 1725. The committee also agreed that programs for all college staff should be developed in the areas of affirmative action, computer training, and shared governance. Implementation of the plan began immediately following receipt of AB 1725 funds. Programs designed specifically for faculty, classified staff, or managers included the development of an instructional skills workshop, expansion of the Staff and Institutional Development Committee's grants to faculty, awarding of faculty development leaves and release time, travel grants to classified staff for workshops and conferences, and the funding of…

(1982). Minority Elderly Services: New Programs, Old Problems. Part II. A Report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights. This report contains the final results of the United States Commission on Civil Rights' investigation of race and ethnic discrimination in federally assisted programs for older persons. The investigation was the result of allegations that the minority elderly were not being served by Older Americans Act programs. The information reported was obtained by questionnaires mailed to all State, area, and territory agencies on aging and from personal interviews with program administrators at the Federal level. Information on employment data covers minority representation, bilingual staffing, affirmative action programs, the handling of discrimination complaints, and Administration on Aging's enforcement of policies and practices. Data on participation of minority organizations and firms in Title III and Title IV of the Older Americans Act are analyzed in a discussion of representation, outreach efforts, and monitoring and compliance activities. Monitoring and evaluation of minority… [PDF]

Amos, Arthur K., Jr. (1986). Persistence and Graduation of UC Davis Undergraduates: 1971-1983. Persistence and graduation rates of four types of undergraduate students at the University of California, Davis, (UC Davis) are examined: domestic students with fewer than 12.5 college transfer units, including both regularly admitted students and those admitted by special action; and domestic students admitted with at least 84 but less than 135 college units (junior transfers). Included in the analysis are minority students admitted under an affirmative action effort. Findings include: UC Davis graduated 62.6% of new entrants admitted between 1971 and 1978 with fewer than 12.5 transfer units by winter 1985; a decreasing percentage of students are graduating in 4 years, going from a high of 48.0% for 1972 entrants to 26.6% for 1980 entrants; among new students entering with fewer than 12.5 college units, the proportion of those admitted by special action has increased from 3.8% of the 1971 cohort to 9.7% of the 1984 cohort; of entrants admitted by special action between 1971 and… [PDF]

Hammond, Carol, Ed. (1989). Crossing Borders: New Territories in the 90's. Contributed Papers Presented at the Arizona State Library Association Conference (Tucson, Arizona, November 1989). Twelve reports comprise this collection from the 1989 Arizona State Association Conference: (1) "CD ROMs Teach Online Searching" (Susan Awe); (2) "Collection Development as Intellectual Activity: An East Asian Specialist's View" (Ju-yen Teng); (3) "Computer-Assisted Reference Service in Map Librarianship: Electronic Access to Cartographic Information" (Charlene M. Baldwin and Jack D. Mount); (4) "Crossing Borders: From Slip Catalog to OPAC" (Margaret F. Maxwell); (5) "Expanding the Borders of Educated America: The Librarian's Role in Recruitment and Retention of Minority Students" (Jeanne L. Pfander); (6) "From Equal Opportunity to Affirmative Action: Changing Hiring Practices at the University of Arizona" (Merri Hartse, Atifa Rawan, and Roger Scanland); (7) "Going Offline (sort of): The Impact and Implications of CD-ROM and PAC Databases as Online Alternatives" (George Machovec and Dennis Brunning); (8)… [PDF]

(2003). The Supreme Court of the United States Syllabus: Grutter v. Bollinger et al. Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Argued April 1, 2003-Decided June 23, 2003. October Term, 2002. (Slip Opinion.). This legal document presents the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in the affirmative action case brought against the University of Michigan's Law School. On June 23, 2003, the Court held in Grutter v. Bollinger et al. that diversity is a compelling interest in higher education and that race is one of a number of factors that can be taken into account to achieve the educational benefits of a diverse student body. The Court found that the educational benefits of diversity are real and had been substantiated by the university and its amici in supporting briefs. It also found that the individualized, whole-file review used in the University of Michigan Law School's admissions process is narrowly tailored to achieve the educational benefits of diversity. The Court held that the Law School's goal of attaining a critical mass of underrepresented minority students does not transform its program into a quota and that its flexible admissions policy does not unduly harm members of any racial… [PDF]

Laitsch, Dan; Rodi, Katherine G. (2004). Reflections on the 50th Anniversary of the Landmark Decision. Brown v. Board of Education. Info Brief. Number 37. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development In the 50 years since "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka" formally desegregated public schools, there has been enormous progress in the academic success of African Americans, particularly in high school completion, improved test scores, increased college enrollment, and attainment of advanced degrees, as well as full access to and participation in all areas of employment. Despite the great strides that have been made over the past half-century, however, many schools in the United States are once again segregating; previous efforts to address inequities and racial isolation, including busing and affirmative action, are being rolled back; and serious disparities remain in minority graduation rates, school achievement, and participation in higher education. Many of the current issues that educators and policymakers face regarding race and minority achievement have their roots in the history of "Brown". The issues that originated under the institutional racism… [Direct]

Altbach, Philip G., Ed.; Lomotey, Kofi, Ed. (1991). The Racial Crisis in American Higher Education. This collection of essays addresses the need for continued research in race-related issues on college campuses. The book examines the causes and the impact of campus racial tensions by studying some key university case studies and by investigating some of the underlying elements of the crisis. Essays and their authors are as follows: \The Racial Dilemma in American Higher Education\ (Philip G. Altbach); \The Changing Demographics: Problems and Opportunities\ (Lewis C. Solmon, Tamara L. Wingard); \Racism and the Model Minority: Asian-Americans in Higher Education\ (Sucheng Chan, Ling-chi Wang); \Race Relations on Campus: An Administrative Perspective\ (Alan Colon); \The Undergraduate Curriculum and the Issues of Race: Opportunities and Obligations\ (Leon Botstein); \Student Affirmative Action in Higher Education: Addressing Underrepresentation\ (William T. Trent); \Black Faculty in Academia\ (Kenneth W. Jackson); \Making the Short List: Black Candidates and the Faculty Recruitment…

Cowen, Sonia S., Ed. (1995). Administration Self-Study and Evaluation Visit by the New Mexico Department of Education's Vocational-Technical Programs (April 17-20, 1995). This report presents results from a self-study of program administration and State Department of Education evaluation visit conducted at New Mexico State University's two-year branch campus at Carlsbad in April 1995. College activities and outcomes are described for the following 10 areas: (1) marketing, describing the college's marketing plan from administrative and faculty presentations at public meetings and high school career days to posters and program pamphlets; (2) special group enrollment, including an affirmative action plan, outreach programs to recruit minorities and the disadvantaged, and services to meet student needs; (3) counseling and career advisement, indicating that counselors are available throughout the year to help students with academic and career questions; (4) developmental education, including basic skills instruction, tutorial assistance, and educational training plans for each student; (5) job placement services, describing departments and agencies… [PDF]

Rasor, Marianne (1981). EOP and SAA Undergraduates Who Left UC Davis without a Degree. Undergraduate students enrolled in the Educational Opportunity Program (EOP) or the Student Affirmative Action (SAA) program at the University of California (UC), Davis, who withdrew before graduation were surveyed in 1981. Attention was directed to the respondents' educational experiences after leaving, their current employment, and their feelings about enrollment at the University. Analysis of responses from 186 former students, or 16 percent of the total population, indicated the following: 75 percent enrolled at another educational institution after leaving UC Davis; about 25 percent of these transfer students had earned degrees, and most of the remainder were still working toward a degree; job satisfaction among employed respondents was mixed; about 50 percent are working in their chosen career field, slightly over 50 percent are satisfied with their jobs, and about 20 percent are dissatisfied; a majority left UC Davis because of academic factors, and many found the coursework…

(1991). Fair and Open Environment? Bigotry and Violence on College Campuses in California. A Summary Report. This is a summary report of a community forum conducted in Berkeley, California on July 18, 1989 on occurrences of bigotry and violence on college campuses in California. Twenty-five representatives of community groups, universities, federal agencies, and community organizations appeared to present their perspectives. Observations on campus climate included description of incidents, their type and frequency; comments on diversity and changes in the demographics of the student body over the past 20 years; discussion of admissions policies and their impact on campus life; description of programs to combat bigotry; and discussion of faculty diversity and affirmative action, institutional efforts to increase diversity, and controversies and policies attached to those efforts. A summary notes that: (1) some believe that a lack of planning for student diversity was the basis for the campus incidents of the 1980s; (2) negative attitudes about minority students may permeate administrative,… [PDF]

Joseph, Myron L. (1978). Selection and Performance in a Gas Utility Company. Final Report. A study of employment procedures at an unnamed gas utility company was made, examining selection procedures, white and blue collar employee performance, promotion rates, and turnover. The data is based on application files, interviews with management personnel, and employee records. The company relied primarily on walk-ins and employee referrals for its job applicants. Private employment agencies were used for some specialized white collar jobs. Social agencies and the employment service were sources of black applicants. The company's selection procedures included informal and subjective elements that led to employment preference for white applicants who were related to company employees. Black employees were hired primarily as a consequence of explicit affirmative action by the company's personnel office at headquarters. Variables that had a significant effect on the screening and hiring of new employees were referral sources, aptitude and intelligence tests, and evidence of… [PDF]

(1981). Federal Regulations and Higher Education Institutions: Comments from Western Colleges and Universities. A Report Prepared by the Staff of the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education for the U.S. Secretary of Education. The opinions of representatives of 108 western colleges and universities concerning federal regulations in general, and Department of Education regulations in particular, were surveyed. The following areas of federal regulation appear to be of greatest concern to the western colleges and universities: student assistance, especially Pell Grants and National Direct Student Loans; veteran's cost-of-instruction payments, especially the provisions for computing allowances three times a year; cooperative education, especially the regulations pertaining to the number of job placements required; civil rights/affirmative action/equal employment opportunity, including the multiple and cross-cutting enforcement efforts, duplicative data gathering requirements, and lack of definitive interpretations of key regulations; programs for the handicapped, especially the seeming overreliance on renovating existing facilities and lack of federal funding to finance the tasks; Vocational Education Data… [PDF]

(1996). Ten Public Policy Issues for Higher Education in 1996. AGB Public Policy Paper Series No. 96-1. Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges This paper is the third in a series of yearly efforts to identify the top public-policy issues facing higher education. Each of the 10 issues is discussed in terms of likely developments in 1996 and the near future, the issue's various aspects, and sources of further information on the issue. Issues identified and discussed are: (1) cost containment and productivity (Congressional hearings on college costs and tuition increases are likely in 1996); (2) affirmative action (how this controversial issue is resolved could have a major impact on hiring, promotion, and admission policies); (3) student financial aid (focus will be on funding levels of federal and state aid); (4) governance and privatization (the role of governing boards and privatization is a major issue in several states); (5) federal tax debate (proposals concerning a flat-tax, consumption-tax, and discontinuation of private institutions' tax exemptions will impact institutions); (6) economic development (more debate at… [PDF]

Johnson, Sandra J. (1992). Valuing and Managing Diversity in Business and Industry: Literature Review and Models. Training and Development Research Center Project Number Fifty-Nine. An increasingly diverse work force is a definite trend in the United States, and a number of companies have linked valuing and managing diversity to increased productivity. Equal employment opportunity and affirmative action are pointed to as foundational to the development of formal programs for valuing or managing diversity in the workplace. The sense of urgency in the literature about valuing and managing work force diversity is not so much about getting diverse people into the labor force but about retraining and developing good workers at all organizational levels. Two different approaches to organizational programs for dealing effectively with diversity are valuing differences, which suggests efforts to develop attitude changes through awareness and sensitivity training, and managing diversity, which focuses on behavioral changes. A number of authors approach work force diversity as an organizational change issue and present either a training model or an organizational… [PDF]

Thornton, Maurice (1981). An Analysis of Cuyahoga Community College's Progress at Equal Opportunity Compliance. Background information and findings are presented for a study of Cuyahoga Community College's (CCC's) progress toward equal opportunity compliance as of 1979-80 and of the interaction between three "subcultures" in the history of this compliance. Chapter I identifies these "subcultures" as the advocates, adversaries, and enforcers of affirmative action. It also defines terms, identifies study questions and limitations, and discusses the legal mandates upon which compliance is judged in the study, i.e., Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and its subsequent interpretation in Adams vs. Califano (1977). Chapter II examines the Adams case and its implications for higher education in Ohio and for public two-year colleges. Chapter III outlines the methods used to determine compliance in the areas of facilities, programs, and employment. Chapter IV presents statistical and narrative findings related to: (1) how CCC facility sites were selected; (2) issues of and…

(1980). On Campus With Women, Number 26, Spring 1980. This issue of the "On Campus With Women" newsletter includes the following topics: a federal court case decision that student aid constitutes federal assistance, but that the Department of Health, Education and Welfare cannot compel Grove City College to sign a legally defective Title IX compliance form; a Department of Justice move to enforce Title IX compliance at Texas A&M University and the University of Alaska; student actions to monitor Title IX enforcement at the University of Iowa; a battle between sports associations for sponsorships of post-season tournaments; a guide on athletic scholarships; a Pennsylvania published model for hearings on equal athletic opportunity; the status of rowing as a woman's sport; women coaches; a Sloan Commission proposal for a new agency to enforce federal anti-discrimination regulations; new affirmative action regulations proposed by the Department of Labor's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs; rules for keeping…

Douglas, Joel M.; Flanzraich, Lisa (1982). Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions, Bibliography No. 10. A bibliography of 765 items which illustrates the wide range of topics that affect collective bargaining in higher education and the professions for 1981, is presented. Items are dated 1978 or later, and ERIC reference numbers are cited where appropriate. The primary focus and interest is academic collective bargaining; however, the literature on allied health care professionals, nurses, physicians, and health care institutions is included, and other groups of professionals such as librarians, lawyers, social workers, bankers, and engineers are also covered. The following specific topics are addressed in regard to college faculty: academic freedom; accountability; administration; affirmative action; arbitration and mediation; collective bargaining (U.S. and Canada); community colleges; contract and contract issues; court cases and administrative orders (states and Supreme Court); discipline and dismissal; discrimination; dispute and dismissal; dispute resolution; due process;…

(1980). The Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education: A Summary of Reports and Recommendations. Work of the Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education, which began in 1974 and concluded its work in January 1980, is reported. The Council's 15 policy reports and 38 sponsored research and technical reports are summarized. A paper entitled "The Carnegie Policy Series, 1967-1979: Concerns, Approaches, Reconsiderations, Results," by Clark Kerr is included. Topics addressed by the policy reports include: the federal role in postsecondary education, tuition, affirmative action, the states and higher education, medical and dental education, faculty bargaining, selective admissions, the states and private higher education, the college curriculum, and student financial aid. Sponsored research and technical reports concern the following broad topics: adjusting to changing times; academic programs; youth education and employment; achieving social justice; skills and new knowledge; governance; financial resources; and purposes and performance. Specific topics of the…

(2006). Higher Education in a Global Society Achieving Diversity, Equity and Excellence (Advances in Education in Diverse Communities: Research Policy and Praxis, Volume 5). Elsevier The "problem of the 21st century" is rapidly expanding diversity alongside stubbornly persistent status and power inequities by race, ethnicity, gender, class, language, citizenship and region. Extensive technological, economic, political and social changes, along with immigration, combine to produce a global community of great diversity and interpenetration. Unfortunately, this global community continues to be fractured by extreme disparities in wealth and power, divided into "haves" and "have-nots." Universities around the globe can play critical roles in economic development and sociocultural exchange. Where different communities interact, overlap, exchange and compete for scarce resources, complex challenges are presented. Current discourse often views difference and diversity as problems; however, a growing scholarship reframes difference and diversity as potential resources. This volume presents research into the consequences of difference and…

Agboola, B. M. (2010). Entrepreneurial Education in Nigeria Tertiary Institutions and Sustainable Development. Online Submission The higher education in Nigeria has witnessed a tremendous growth in the last 50 years in terms of producing manpower that could bring about development. However, the problem of Nigeria today is not about human and natural resources, but how to translate the human potentials to meet the realization of its all round development and sustain economic growth. It is a paradox that the nation remains undeveloped. Furthermore, the educational system has failed to serve its purpose of producing manpower with relevant skills and the nation's development is hampered by poverty, dilapidated infrastructure; economic recession, militancy and unemployment. Therefore, the paper examines the role of tertiary education and training for entrepreneurship on manpower development and sustainable development in Nigeria. Data on enrolment in tertiary institutions, employment and unemployment trend were obtained from relevant authorities. It was found that the level of entrepreneurial education in the… [PDF]

Simmons, Linda (2000). The Civil Rights Act and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The Constitution Community: Contemporary United States (1968 to the Present). In 1964, Congress passed Public Law 82-352. This civil rights act forbade hiring, promoting, and firing discrimination based on sex or race. Title VII of the act created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to implement the law. Subsequent legislation expanded the role of the EEOC. Today, the EEOC enforces laws that prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age in hiring, promoting, firing, setting wages, testing, training, apprenticeship, and all other terms and conditions of employment. Working with state and local programs, the EEOC processes 48,000 claims annually. This lesson relates to the Preamble, to Article I, which establishes the president's power to issue executive orders; to Article III, which establishes the jurisdiction of the courts; and to the 14th Amendment which guarantees equal protection of the laws. As the primary source document, the lesson uses the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (pages 1-8.) The… [PDF]

McCarthy, Martha M. (1984). Seniority Rights and Title VII. This chapter provides an analysis of seniority rights under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which bars discrimination in employment. Two legal theories have arisen in assessing Title VII claims: discriminatory treatment, in which the burden of proof of discriminatory intent lies with the plaintiff, and discriminatory impact of neutral practices, in which the burden shifts to the employer to prove that the practice in question is a legitimate business necessity. Because Title VI insulates seniority systems from disparate impact suits, Title VII litigation focuses on what constitutes a bona fide seniority system and scope of immunity. The question addressed in the ensuing discussion is therefore as follows: under what circumstances must seniority adjustments be made, and how much discretion do employers have in modifying operation of seniority systems to give preference to women and minorities? Cases in which the judiciary has addressed these and related Title VII issues… [PDF]

Selden, Steven (2005). Who's Paying for the Culture Wars?. Academe, v91 n5 p35-38 Sep-Oct. Conservative critiques of higher education rely on liberal doses of cash. Behind the conservative critique of U.S. higher education is a fervent commitment to ideals, to be sure–but there's also a sizable amount of conservative cash. The Bradley, Earhart, Castle Rock, and John M. Olin foundations have contributed lavishly to guidebooks aimed at steering young Americans away from certain colleges and universities. "Choosing the Right College", "The Common Sense Guide to American Colleges","The Shakespeare File", and "Defending Civilisation" charge these institutions and their faculty with poorly serving the needs of the nation. Unlike other college guidebooks, which are mostly descriptive, the right-wing guides mount an ideological assault on American higher education reflecting a broader conservative moral, social, and political agenda. This agenda joins support for economic privatization and conservative values in the public sphere to the… [Direct]

(1996). Preliminary Analysis of the Impact of Proposition 209 on the California Community Colleges. On November 5, 1996, California voters approved Proposition 209, which prohibits discrimination against or the granting of preferential treatment to anyone on the basis of race, sex, color, or ethnicity in the operation of public employment, education, or contracting. Regarding the prohibition of discrimination, 209 creates no new restrictions since public agencies in California are already subject to numerous federal and state anti-discrimination laws. Regarding preferential treatment, the state Superior Court has ruled that the bans of 209 are limited and that certain activities that may benefit underrepresented groups, such as outreach programs, fall outside its scope. It also appears that the "preferential treatment" clause of 209 has the same scope as the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which allows preferential programs if a compelling reason, such as remediating past discrimination, is demonstrated. The only real impact of 209, then, would be to… [PDF]

(1985). Profile for a Racially Integrated School District. This paper, which consists of two parts, suggests criteria for the consideration of Washington State school superintendents engaged in creating racially integrated schools. Part I identifies components of an integrated school district, focusing on: access to schools, classes, and programs; staffing; facilities; curriculum; parental involvement; activities; services; staff development; instructional equipment and supplies; selection and evaluation of learning materials; discipline, suspensions and expulsions; honors and awards; committees; and school displays. Part I also lists technical assistance services available from the Washington State Office for Multicultural and Equity Education. Part II is a compilation of master plan indicators of an effective school district equal educational opportunity program. It is organized around six themes: (1) implementation of State board policy on equal education opportunity; (2) implementation and development of local school district policy on…

(1977). The Regents of the University of California, Petitioner, vs. Allan Bakke, Respondent. On Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of the State of California. Supplemental Brief for Petitioner. The Regents of the University of California present the following as part of their argument with regard to the Supreme Court case concerning minority group admissions policies at the Davis medical school: Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 leaves State universities receiving Federal funds free to provide more nearly equal educational opportunities to minority groups for purposes and in a manner consistent with the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. The evolution of Title VI reveals the core congressional purpose to tie federal funding to compliance with Equal Protection standards and not to create new standards or new causes of action. Title VI, as well as the applicable administrative regulations, permit educational institutions receiving Federal funds to provide minority groups more nearly equal educational opportunities. Judicial and administrative interpretation of the parallel provisions of Title VII further confirms the view that Title VI permits voluntary…

Naples, Caesar J., Ed. (1998). Responding to Challenges and Conflict in Higher Education Collective Bargaining. Proceeding of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (26th, April 1998). This proceedings presents 18 essays that focus on collective bargaining and other labor issues in higher education. The essays include: (1) \Looking Toward the Future\ (Sandra Feldman); (2) \The New Unionism in Higher Education\ (Bob Chase); (3) \Post-Tenure Review: Threat or Promise\ (Christine M. Licata); (4) \A Response to Post-Tenure Review: Questions and Perspectives\ (Denise Marie Tanguay); (5) \An Observation on New Models for Institutions of Higher Education\ (Gordon K. Davies); (6) \The University of Phoenix Model of Adult Learning\ (Laura Palmer Noone and William Pepicello); (7) \Labor/Management Cooperation: The Saturn Model\ (Jack O'Toole); (8) \Contracting Out of Government Services: Panacea or Poison?\ (Robert Hebdon); (9) \Ethics and the University Professor\ (Donald Savage); (10) \Academic Values\ (Steven M. Cahn); (11) \Ethics, Collective Bargaining, and the Collective Agreement\ (Allan R. Sharp); (12) \Rights and Responsibilities of Faculty: UNESCO Adopts an…