Gibson, Margaret A., Ed. (1976). Anthropological Perspectives on Multicultural Education. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, Vol. VII, No. 4, November 1976. A variety of anthropological perspectives on multiculturalism in formal education are provided in five papers and three commentaries. Countering the traditional anthropological view that each society has only one culture, the first paper emphasizes the multicultural nature of all societies. Four divergent approaches to the conceptualization of multicultural education are analyzed in the second paper. An alternative approach is suggested which, unlike the others, does not equate education with formal schooling or view multicultural education as a type of formal educational program. The third paper discusses the concepts of culture, cultural groups, and cultural scenes within school settings and points out the discrepancies between an anthropological conception of culture and the educational policy issues currently arising from multicultural school programs. The fourth paper analyzes the role of multicultural education in equalizing educational opportunity in a culturally pluralistic…

Fata, Manijeh Gonzalez; Keleher, Terry; Piana, Libero Della (1999). Creating Crisis: How California's Teaching Policies Aggravate Racial Inequalities in Public Schools. This report outlines problems in California's public school teaching force, from training to recruitment to retention. It describes who currently teaches, notes the lack of minority teachers in an increasingly diverse student population, and examines pathways to teaching and barriers to certification. It details the teaching crisis in the state's seven largest districts, and it adds extended accounts from a teacher recruiter, a teacher candidate taking the California Basic Educational Skills Test (CBEST), and an experienced teacher of color watching newcomers being disempowered and unsupported by the system. Finally, the report makes recommendations about how to correct some of the problems that it describes, including: fully invest in the development of teaching talent and resources at high-need schools by creating local education action projects; develop a fully prepared, highly skilled teaching force better suited to California's changing demographics; eliminate barriers that… [PDF]

Sandler, Bernice Resnick, Ed. (1997). About Women on Campus, 1997. About Women on Campus, v6 n1-4. This quarterly newsletter provides information about the programs, issues, and concerns, of women students, faculty, and administrators in higher education. Each of the four issues (comprising one year's worth) has several regularly appearing sections that present brief news summaries and reports covering topics such as working in academe and elsewhere, around the campus, women's studies, women of color, athletics, sexual harassment, sexual assault, resources, World Wide Web resources, and job opportunities. A column on the activities of the American Council of Education's Office of Women in Higher Education also appears in each issue. Some issues also offer a feature article that presents a more detailed discussion of a topic; two such articles appearing in this volume of the newsletter include one that focuses on the origins of the Title IX Education Amendments of 1972, which prohibit sexual discrimination in educational institutions receiving federal money, and another which… [PDF]

Goldsmith, Scott; Hild, Carl; Killorin, Mary; McDiarmid, G. Williamson; Sharp, Suzanne (1998). Expanding Job Opportunities for Alaska Natives. (Interim Report). A majority of adults in most Alaska Native villages were without jobs in 1990, and the situation was probably not substantially better in 1998. This report summarizes current Alaska Native employment data and employment trends, provides information on public and private programs that target Native hire, and describes promising approaches for increasing Native employment. Part 1 examines the current context of Native employment, including demographic data and projections related to the size and location of the Native labor force; availability of jobs in various sectors and industries; characteristics of Native employment and unemployment; data on nonresident employment; and creation of jobs through the economic multiplier. This section includes 31 data tables and 15 figures. Part 2 discusses the potential effects of welfare reform on Native communities, summarizing changes to welfare and community concerns. Parts 3-5 examine methods used by private businesses, Native regional… [PDF]

(1995). Issues of Education at Community Colleges: Essays by Fellows in the Mid-Career Fellowship Program at Princeton University. This collection includes essays on contemporary issues facing community colleges written by fellows in Princeton University's Mid-Career Fellowship Program. The following essays are provided: (1) "A Human Development Workshop on Cultural Identity for International Students," by Cecilia Castro-Abad; (2) "Generating Moral Dialogue on a College Campus," by Francis H. Conroy; (3) "A is for Average: The Grading Crisis in Today's Colleges," by Barbara L. Farley; (4) "Interdisciplinary Study: Towards the Millennium," by Maryanne M. Garbowsky, arguing against extreme specialization in academia; (5) "One-Person Criminal Justice Programs: An Exploratory Study," by Peter Horne, examining issues confronting criminal justice programs with only one full-time faculty member; (6) "Amateur Nursing: Delegating Nursing Tasks to Unlicensed Assistive Personnel," by Jane Pamela Meehan; (7) "A Small Example of Reverse Discrimination,"… [PDF]

Sandler, Bernice Resnick, Ed. (1996). About Women on Campus, 1996. About Women on Campus, v5 n1-4. This quarterly newsletter provides information about the programs, issues, and concerns of women students, faculty, and administrators in higher education. Each of these four issues (comprising 1 year's worth) presents brief summaries of news items or reports in regularly appearing sections covering campus news, the workplace, sexual harassment, sexual assault, violence on campus, women in athletics, and women's studies. Other regular sections list the resources available (paper and electronic) in areas such as women's health and women in science. A column on the activities of the American Council on Education's Office of Women in Higher Education also appears in each issue. A limited number of employment opportunities are also advertised. (CH)… [PDF]

(1997). The Advisory Committee on Women and Minority Faculty and Professional Staff. Final Report. The Texas Advisory Committee on Women and Minority Faculty and Professional Staff sought to identify strategies that would increase the number of women and minority faculty and professional staff at institutions of higher education in Texas. The work of the Committee was divided into four subcommittees: (1) Pipeline/Pool; (2) Recruitment; (3) Promotion; and (4) Retention. Among the Pipeline/Pool subcommittee's recommendations were: increase number of Black and Hispanic students to reach institutional minority enrollment and retention goals, expand collaborative K-12 partnerships to prepare minority students for college, improve transfer rates from two-year to four-year colleges, and simplify financial aid application system. Recommendations regarding faculty recruitment included: communicate the state's commitment to diversity, recruit for faculty at historically Black colleges and universities, and provide professional opportunities for newly hired minorities. Among recommendations… [PDF]

de Acosta, Martha (1993). The Cleveland Hispanic Community and Education: A Struggle for Voice. Occasional Paper #9. This paper analyzes the ways in which the Cleveland (Ohio) Hispanic community, made up mostly of Puerto Ricans, has been organizing to increase its involvement in the education of Hispanic youth. In particular, this paper focuses on the past 3 years when new styles of involvement were attempted. This involvement has taken the form of program development, partnership development, and mobilization, which are all focused on cultural sensitivity to the needs of these students, staff training, teaching and advising Hispanic students, funding for scholarships, remedial programs to assist at-risk students, and compiling data about Hispanic students. The paper looks at how Hispanics have identified needs, arrived at policy recommendations, attempted to gain access to individuals and bodies that make educational policy, built community coalitions, and developed their own leadership. These efforts have resulted in consolidation of an educational issues coalition and the creation of a Hispanic… [PDF]

Chatman, Steven P.; Smith, Kandis (1998). Can Race-Blind Policies Produce a Diverse Student Body? AIR 1998 Annual Forum Paper. This paper argues that there is reason to reconsider college admissions policies on three levels because: (1) some admissions measures exhibit racial or economic/social status bias, (2) there is evidence that financial barriers exist, and (3) a belief exists that race-blind admissions policies which include adjustments that offset students' social and economic circumstances can yield a more racially diverse student body than those mandated by legislation or judicial action. The first section of the paper examines key judicial and legislative actions to illustrate the evolution of racial preferences in the admissions process. In the next section, the paper reviews the results of research using criterion-related or predictive measures of validity and also looks at selection-bias research. In the next section, characteristics of students in public higher education in Missouri are examined for evidence of economic barriers to access. Finally, a series of race-blind admissions models… [PDF]

Sensi, Dina; And Others (1992). Equal Opportunities and Vocational Training. Evaluation of In-Company Vocational Training Schemes for Women. Equal opportunities programs in the Member States of the European Community (EC) are based on international law, EC law, and various legal provisions at the national level. Two main types of positive action can be identified among the various initiatives implemented in the different Member States: (1) governmental promotion of positive actions through legislation and agencies; and (2) creation of an infrastructure. Companies surveyed stress the importance of continuing vocational training for personnel, but the vast majority of trainees are men. Companies can be grouped into three types depending on their personnel and equal opportunities policies: (1) firms that follow recommendations and national legislation; (2) companies with no specific positive action program that apply the principle as a company, organizational, and personnel policy; and (3) companies that develop and implement a positive action program. The players involved have varying importance in terms of their tasks,… [PDF]

(1992). Enrollment and Graduation Patterns of Undergraduates Transferring to UC Davis: 1976-1991. Research Synopsis No. 45. A study was done of transfer students entering the University of California (Davis) from Fall 1976 through Spring 1991. "Transfers" are students who enter with at least sophomore standing (more than 40 transfer units), are identified by undergraduate admissions as advanced standing, or whose source school is not a high school. Study of transfer students' enrollment patterns found that: (1) of new undergraduates to Davis 38 percent were transfers; (2) of all Black, American Indian, Chicano and Latino students at Davis from 1976 to 1990, 36 percent were transfers; (3) transfer patterns differed only slightly by gender; (4) among 1990 transfers, 70 percent entered as juniors; (5) among transfers who enrolled from 1980 through 1990, 66 percent came from community colleges; and (6) in 1990, 728 students entered with Transfer Admission Agreements. Over all the proportion of transfer students has declined. The proportion of non-White transfer students has grown slowly. For… [PDF]

Lasonen, Johanna; And Others (1991). Finnish Comprehensive Vocational Institute Teachers' Gender-Role Attitudes. A study was conducted to determine Finnish vocational teachers' gender-role attitudes. It also identified the personal and professional variables that best explained the variance in gender-role attitudes. The sample consisted of 923 comprehensive vocational institute teachers from all major geographical areas of Finland; 92.3 percent returned a survey based on Osmond and Martin's (1975) Sex-Role Attitude Scale. Zero-order correlations and stepwise multiple regression conducted among personal and professional variables (gender, age, household income, teaching general subjects, and marital status) and the gender-role attitudes scale revealed that gender explained most of the variance in gender-role attitudes. The findings among Finnish vocational teachers paralleled those of U.S. studies. Male and older teachers with less education had more traditional gender-role attitudes than female and younger teachers. Teachers and administrators may need training in more gender-equitable…

Davidson, Mary E. (1992). Response to the Annual Desegregation Review, 1990-91. Part I: Student Assignment Component. The Monitoring Commission for Desegregation Implementation in the Chicago (Illinois) Public Schools formally responded to the 1990-91 Chicago Board of Education's Desegregation Review on Student Assignment. That Board report presented data on the contribution of various student assignment procedures to the voluntary desegregation of the schools. In addition, the report commented on strategies for relieving overcrowded schools, desegregation transfer program, magnet schools, mandatory backup measures, analysis of fiscal resources, interdistrict transfers, and the prevention of within-school desegregation. Analysis of this report by the Monitoring Commission notes the following concerns: (1) 11 of the 126 schools classified as integrated/desegregated are not meeting their racial balance criteria; (2) controlled enrollment may become an inadvertent vehicle for segregation or need more desirable enrollment sites for racial/ethnic minorities; (3) financial aspects of the report are… [PDF]

Hudgins, H. C., Jr.; Vacca, Richard S. (1991). The Legacy of the Burger Court and the Schools, 1969-1986. NOLPE Monograph/Book Series No. 41. This book is limited to a study of the education opinions of the Supreme Court during the time that Warren Earl Burger served as Chief Justice. Over 100 opinions having direct bearing on education were issued during the Burger years, a total greater than in the entire Court's history. The first chapter presents the history of the establishment of the Court followed by information about the present work schedule, hearing and deliberating on a case, judicial review, and brief sketches of the 13 justices, including Chief Justice Burger. Subsequent chapters discuss the following topics: (1) employment issues in schools; (2) student issues; (3) race and desegregation; (4) school finance issues; (5) civil rights tort; and (6) legacy of the Burger Court and the schools. As the Court's membership changed and the volume of education cases increased, the Burger Court moved from an activist, social change-oriented Court, through a period when the Court assumed a quasi-centrist posture, to a…

Angel, Dan; Barrera, Adriana (1990). ACC 2000: Building a Future Together. The Austin Community College Proactive Long Range Plan. Over the past 10 years, Austin Community College (ACC) has expanded college offerings from 41 degree programs, 24 degree options, and 1 certificate program to 60 degree plans, 35 degree options, and 22 certificate programs. In addition, ACC has grown from an enrollment of 13,000 credit students to over 24,000 students. During the past 5 years, minority full-time faculty have increased from 12% to 20% of the faculty. Changes in the economy, growing enrollments, demands of local businesses, new legislative mandates for minimal skills competency among degree students, and lagging state funding require careful planning to meet the institution's future needs. Consistent with its focus on accessibility and flexibility, ACC has plans to: (1) initiate new curricular programs in service sector occupations; (2) become a continuing education center for governmental employees; (3) develop a pre-education curriculum for future teachers; and (4) include an entrepreneurship track in the… [PDF]

Martinez, Michael E. (1985). Educational Opportunity for Underrepresented Minority Students in California: Comparisons with Other States. This report compares California with other states in how the problem of low achievement by minority students is being confronted. The severity of the achievement gap is assessed, as well as the steps being taken to close the gap. The topics considered are: (1) the changing demographic profile of racial and ethnic minorities in California; graduation rates; correlates of the achievement gap such as unemployment, juvenile delinquency, and criminality; and the moral and practical needs for change; (2) educational disadvantages of ethnic and racial minority students (education level of parents of SAT examinees; family income; English deficiency; subjects studied in high school; proportion of examinees in a college preparatory program; and the deleterious effects of tracking); (3) minority representation and scoring on college entrance examinations (test scores by race and ethnicity; effects of increased minority representation among examinees; encouraging minority students to take…

Rendon, Laura I.; And Others (1988). Transfer Education in Southwest Border Community Colleges. Final Report of the Ford Southwest Transfer Education Research Project. The study described in this report examines both the positive and negative influences on student retention and transfer at six community colleges located along the U.S.-Mexico border. Chapter I reviews the literature on retention and transfer and establishes the conceptual framework and research objectives of the study. Chapter II offers baseline data on the six colleges, Southwestern College and Imperial Valley College in California, Arizona Western College and Cochise College in Arizona, and Laredo Junior College and Texas Southmost College in Texas. This section includes information on student enrollment by ethnicity and gender, associate degree recipients, transfers to senior institutions, type of information sent to and received from senior institutions, and faculty and counselor characteristics. Chapter III presents the results of site visits to the six community colleges and to two four-year colleges, focusing on the attitudes of community college staff concerning student… [PDF]

Nora, Amaury; Rendon, Laura I. (1988). Salvaging Minority Transfer Students: Toward New Policies That Facilitate Baccalaureate Attainment. In response to concerns about the loss of effectiveness of the community college transfer function, this paper examines the steady decline in rates of minority student transfer from two- to four-year colleges and offers policy recommendations for facilitating transfer and baccalaureate degree attainment. Initial sections review data showing the disproportionately high enrollment of minority college students in community colleges; trends in race and ethnicity in the U.S. population composition; racial and ethnic differences by age and region; and the decline of the transfer function and the rise of vocational curricula at community colleges during the 1960s and 1970s. Next, rates of high school completion, college entrance, and college graduation are examined to illustrate the progress of minorities as they flow through the educational pipeline. Several descriptive and theoretical studies of minority student participation in community colleges are then reviewed, focusing on students'… [PDF]

Condren, Clive P. (1988). Preparing for the Twenty-First Century: A Report on Higher Education in California Requested by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Designed to provide background information for a study of higher education in California to be conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, this report describes the essential elements of the system. Section 1 provides an overview of California, postsecondary education in the state, and higher education agencies and associations. Section 2 discusses master planning for higher education prior and subsequent to the development of the "Master Plan for Higher Education in California, 1960-1975," and examines differences among various approaches to master planning. Section 3 examines state financing of higher education, providing information on levels and sources of support, financing of public and independent institutions, student charges, financial aid, and prospects for future funding. Section 4 addresses the coordination of higher education in the United States and California, focusing on the coordinating roles of the California Postsecondary… [PDF]

(1982). On Campus with Women, Volume 12, Number 2, Fall 1982. 11th Anniversary Issue. On Campus with Women, v12 n2 Fall. News concerning developments at colleges and universities that affect women is presented, along with an interview with the Executive Director of the Project on the Status and Education of Women, Bernice R. Sandler, regarding the project's major accomplishments and activities over the past 11 years and insights into the changing status of women at all levels of academe. News items include the following issues: court rulings concerning the scope of coverage of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972; rulings that the publicly-supported nursing school, Mississippi University for Women, violated the Fourteenth Amendment equal-protection clause of the Constitution by excluding males, and that a tenure vote can not be confidential on grounds of academic freedom; civil rights cases filed and won by university employees; sex discrimination suits filed regarding new eligibility restrictions for Guaranteed Student Loans; a General Accounting Office study regarding the way the Department…

(1981). Minority Access to Professional Education: A Selected Bibliography. An annotated bibliography of more than 200 entries on minority access to professional education covers journal articles, professional association publications, institutional program and research reports, government documents, congressional hearings, conference proceedings, law review articles, and government agency reports. Citations, dated 1969 through 1981, are divided into two sections with subsections. The first section, on the professions, includes these categories: accounting/business, allied health professions, dentistry, engineering, legal education, medicine, nursing, psychology, sciences/mathematics, and social work. The second section, on general issues of access to the professions, includes subsections on the Bakke case, graduate and professional education, higher education, and minorities and the work force. Many of the items are descriptions of programs for assisting minorities in gaining access to professional education. Preferential admissions programs or other…

McPartland, James M.; And Others (1985). Effects of Employer Recruitment Methods, Employer Job Placement Decisions, and School Desegregation on Minority and Female Hiring and Occupational Attainment. Three Reports. Report No. 359. Three separate reports are bound together in this volume. Each examines one area of the transition from school to work in order to identify how elements of the process differ for blacks and women compared to whites and white males, and how these elements might better meet the needs of blacks and women. The three papers, and their authors, are as follows: (1) "A Comparison of the Use of School Placement Services and Other Employment Recruitment Methods for Jobs Filled by Differen Race, Sex, and Education Attainment Groups" (James M. McPartland and Russell L. Dawkins); (2) "How Race Affects Job Placement Decisions: Results of a Vignette Experiment with a National Sample of Employers" (Jomills H. Braddock II, Robert L. Crain, James M. McPartland, and Russell L. Dawkins); and (3)"School Desegregation and Black Occupational Attainments: Results from a Long-term Experiment" (Robert L. Crain and Jack Strauss). (KH)… [PDF]

(1982). Higher Education Equity: The Crisis of Appearance Versus Reality–Revisited. Final Report. The work of the National Advisory Committee on Black Higher Education and Black Colleges and Universities during 1977-1982 is discussed, and information and recommendations on black students and black colleges are presented. After describing the committee's background and functions, the following issues concerning equity for black Americans in higher education are considered: student financial aid; admission, retention, and graduation rates; the role of Targeted Educational Opportunity Programs; the President's Executive Order, the White House Initiative Office, and the private sector initiative; and the Adams case and desegregation of higher education. Recommendations are offered concerning financial aid to low income students, research and teaching assistantships for black students, specific student financial aid programs, approaches to lowering the dropout rate for pre-college students, the use of standardized tests, two-year colleges and articulation between them and four-year… [PDF]

(1976). Agreement Between Wayne State University and The Wayne State University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, July 1, 1976 to June 30, 1978. The collective bargaining agreement between Wayne State University and the Wayne State University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: recognition and description of the bargaining unit; personnel classification; administration rights; AAUP rights and privileges; nondiscrimination; layoff and recall procedures; compensation including salary and fringe benefits; leaves of absence; fractional-time employees; and grievance procedures. Also covered are term appointments; tenure procedures; review of professional duties; personnel files; research awards and educational development grants; department and college by-laws; tuition refund for academic staff; student evaluation of faculty teaching; university-wide committees; and budget advisory committees. (SPG)…

(1976). An Exploratory Study of Women in the Health Professions Schools. Executive Summary. The study focused on eight health professions: medicine, osteopathy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, optometry, podiatry, pharmacy, and public health. Its central tasks were to identify and explore the barriers to success that women face as medical/professional school applicants and students and to describe the discrimination process that limits women's entry into these professions. The study's purpose was to develop a set of conceptual models of the recruitment, admissions, and education systems to maximize equal opportunities for women and to encourage their success. These efforts were generated by concern over the underrepresentation of women as practitioners in these eight fields, and the suggestion is made that the schools' policies and practices and the professions' structures and histories may help explain this situation. Recommendations are made for legislation concerning health manpower and student financial aid, for criteria or research, policy, and program activities, and…

Martin, Mary P., Ed.; Staman, E. Michael, Ed. (1981). The Practice of Institutional Research. Proceedings of a Joint Conference of the Southern Association for Institutional Research and the North Carolina Association for Institutional Research (Charlotte, North Carolina, October 29-30, 1981). Proceedings of a 1981 joint conference sponsored by the Southern Association for Institutional Research (SAIR) and the North Carolina Association for Institutional Research are presented. The conference theme was the practice of institutional research. Contents include preconference workshop reports, speeches, abstracts of papers, and reports of SAIR affairs. Documents and authors are as follows: \Nouns, Numbers and Neutrality\ (keynote address, Jeffrey Holmes); \Role of National, Regional and State AIR Groups in Enclosing Professional Development\ (panel report); \Research in Questions of Equity and Discrimination\ (panel report); \Executive Order 11246 and Institutional Research\ (William Fendley, Jr.); \Faculty Salary Sex Equity Studies at a Major Research University\ (Rodney G. Hurley, Marilyn K. Brown, Frank A. Schmidtlein); \Testing Equity in Salary and Workload at Your Institution\ (Gerald W. McLaughlin, James R. Montgomery); \Student Evaluation of Graduate Programs in…

Bogart, Karen (1981). Technical Manual for the Institutional Self-Study Guide on Sex Equity. Technical information about the Institutional Self-Study Guide (ISSG) on Sex Equity, which was developed to help postsecondary educational institutions change to achieve sex equity, is presented. The ISSG was developed for three audiences: chief executives of colleges and universities, regional accreditation agencies, and women and their advocates on campuses and in professional associations. The empirical development of the ISSG began with the collection of critical incidents that illustrate discrimination against or in favor of women or especially equitable treatment. Critical incidents were collected from: a literature review; a review of legal precedents; a study of complementary efforts taking place elsewhere; interviews with more than 200 observers knowledgeable about the treatment of women as students and employees in postsecondary institutions; and a mail survey to which more than 100 other knowledgeable observers responded. Information is presented on the inductive…

Litchfield, Carolyn G. (1980). A Research Project to Determine the Reasons for an Imbalance of Women in Administrative Positions in Vocational Education. Final Report. Components of a project to assess the reasons for the imbalance of women in administrative positions in vocational education were research, synthesization, and evaluation. Phase 1 of the five-phase research study, a literature review, identified internal and external barriers. Mail surveys in phases 2 and 3 identified attitudes, perceptions, and aspiration of Kentucky vocational education teachers toward accepting employment as administrators and of individuals who hire administrators for vocational education. Phase 4, an interview study, identified policies and practices regarding the employment of vocational administrators. Phase 5 consisted of employer evaluations of matched resumes to identify biased attitudes in administrator selection. The obtained data and input from an advisory committee and consultants were utilized to develop realistic strategies and a plan of action to eliminate the imbalance of women in the administration of vocational education in Kentucky. Project…

(1981). Peace and Justice Education. Current Issues in Catholic Higher Education, v1 n2 Win. Articles in this issue of "Current Issues in Catholic Higher Education" concern the results of pilot projects in peace and justice education at several colleges and universities, along with initiatives made at other institutions. In "Report on ACCU's Pilot Programs," David Johnson provides an overview of the experiences of the seven institutions that implemented pilot projects and a chart outlining by college the following areas: program focus, curricular focus, curricular initiative, experiential learning, other educational programming, spirituality, and governance. "An Outline of Justice Education Programs at Catholic Colleges and Universities," by Don McNeill further details the programs. The following articles on specific programs are included: "Villanova University: An Update," by Daniel Regan; "Manhattan College," by Joseph Fahey; "University of Dayton," by Phillip Aaron; and "Washington Area Peace Studies… [PDF]

Harlan, Raymond E. (1981). 51 Questions on the OCR Guidelines. Research and Development Series No. 205. This manual is designed to aid vocational education personnel in eliminating unlawful discrimination from vocational education programs, services, and activities. A mixed-media kit, it includes a user handbook, a set of transparency masters, and a set of audience handout masters. These components are formatted in question-and-answer style to facilitate speaker presentation of the basic Office of Civil Rights Guidelines concepts, issues, and requirements for nondiscrimination in vocational education programs. The 51 questions group around these topical areas: overview questions; requirements for the state agency; requirements for vocational education programs; and requirements for proprietary schools. These topical areas cut across the concerns of vocational educators and the issue of nondiscrimination in terms of policy, funding, monitoring, access to facilities, access to programs, equal educational opportunity, and student employment. Resources have been selected for the topical… [PDF]