Orfield, Gary; Whitla, Dean (2001). Diversity and Legal Education: Student Experiences in Leading Law Schools. This study examined how diversity influenced law students' educational experiences. Predominantly White students at Harvard Law School and the University of Michigan Law School, as well as at five other law schools, completed surveys that examined such topics as: frequency of contact with diverse people growing up and in high school, college, and law school; close friends of other racial/ethnic backgrounds; studying with people of different races/ethnicities; the impact of diversity on ability to work more effectively, get along better, and discuss topics with people of other races; the positive or negative impact of diversity; conflicts because of racial diversity; changes in attitudes and values due to exposure to diversity; and necessary changes in law school admissions policies. Students reported a wide range of experiences and views on racial and civil rights issues, though most reported powerful educational experiences from their interaction with students of other races. White… [PDF]

Tollett, Kenneth S.; And Others (1983). A Color-Conscious Constitution: The One Pervading Purpose "Redux.". Journal of Negro Education, v52 n3 p189-212 Sum. Argues that the pervading purpose of the Reconstruction Amendments to the Constitution was not only to secure and firmly establish Blacks' freedom, but also to take color or race into account in remedying discrimination in violation of the spirit, if not the letter, of those amendments. (CMG)…

Cancian, Francesca M. (1982). Rapid Social Change: Women Students in Business Schools. Sociology and Social Research, v66 n2 p169-83 Jan. Examines national trends in women's business school enrollment. Presents case study of one university. Indicates increase in professional degrees for women is best explained by changing expectations of women students and school administrators about costs and rewards of advanced degrees for women. Changes occurred more rapidly at prestigious cosmopolitan schools. (NEC)…

Hersey, David M. (1982). Twenty Questions for Evaluating School Performance. Independent School, v41 n3 p79-80 Feb. Lists 20 questions designed to give an idea of a private school's performance outside of business and development concerns and gives each question's source. Areas covered include school goals, leadership effectiveness, staff evaluation and development, curriculum review, school climate, communication, and parental and graduate involvement. (Author/RW)…

Bok, Derek C. (1980). The Federal Government and the University. Public Interest, n58 p80-101 Win. Discusses the clash between federal government regulations and the university's right to be autonomous with regard to its own academic affairs. Presents the costs of and justifications for federal regulations. Suggests that subsidies, rather than regulations, are the best means for bringing about change while preserving diversity in universities. (BE)…

Marquette, R. Penny; Stevens, George (1979). Women on the Move. Journal of College Placement, v39 n4 p43-45 Sum. While the progress made by women in medicine and other fields seems promising, it nonetheless fails to meet the rising expectations created by various legal actions and legislation. People must begin to recognize the social and economic costs of continued discrimination against women and others. (Author)…

Lovano-Kerr, Jessie (1981). A Review of the Historical and Current Contextual Factors Affecting the Status of Women Art Educators in Administration. Studies in Art Education, v22 n3 p49-58. This paper examines the current status of women in educational administration generally, and in art/art education administration specifically; summarizes some studies on the characteristics of women in administration; discusses constructs and programs for achieving parity with men in administration; and makes recommendations for changing the status quo. (Author)…

Lutz, Frank W. (1979). The Deanship: Search and Screening Process. Educational Record, v60 n3 p261-71 Sum. Suggests that the complex process of appointing a dean could be conducted more objectively and effectively. The search processes of 32 colleges were examined and practices observed include: search committee's local orientation, committees excluded from final decision, communication problems with candidates and use of the old boy network. (MLW)…

Roper, Dwight (1980). The Waning of the Old Boy Network: Placement, Publishing and Faculty Selection. Improving College and University Teaching, v28 n1 p12-18 Win. A significant force in the selection of college faculty has been personal contact or the Old Boy Network. Its operation in academic institutions and its influence in placement and academic publishing is examined. Also discussed are alternatives to the system that could replace its diminishing influence and improve higher education. (JMD)…

(1980). What Would You Do?. Educational Record, v61 n1 p19-22 Win. This first in a series of problem-solving exercises challenges readers to examine a small college faced with declining enrollment, decreasing financial support, and industrial pollution. Background information is provided and includes enrollment trends, finances, and characteristics of the administrators, faculty, students, and trustees. (Author/JMD)…

Malhiot, Grete; Ninan, Mary (1979). A Seminar for Minority Students. Nursing Outlook, v27 n7 p473-75 Jul. Describes a seminar for minority, particularly Black, students entering the junior year at the School of Nursing, Loyola University of Chicago. Seminar objective was to give academic, emotional, and social support. Notes changing minority student attitudes, the need for earlier tutoring for academic weakness, and the value of group discussion. (MF)…

Foster, Michele (1996). As California Goes, So Goes the Nation. Journal of Negro Education, v65 n2 p105-10 Spr. The eight articles of this special issue explore the retrenchment that has seriously constrained the education of African Americans in California, as in much of the nation. Economic downsizing, genetic theories of racial inferiority, and right-wing attitudes have contributed to undermining the political gains of the 1960s and 1970s. (SLD)…

Talley, F. J. (1997). Ethics in Management. New Directions for Student Services, n77 p45-66 Spr. Presents an overview of recent approaches to management and examines the ethical implications of using these approaches. Applies elements of these innovative systems to three cases that are both managerially and ethically complex. Claims that new processes must be developed to address ethical issues as part of all management decisions. (RJM)…

O'Neil, John (1998). Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together?. Educational Leadership, v55 n4 p12-17 Dec-Jan 1997-1998. Author Beverly Daniel Tatum explains that adolescents tend to self-segregate because their racially different friends are not having (or sharing) same experiences. Many white students are oblivious to racism's power and manifestations in society. During lunch or recess, students should be able to relax with friends. However, educators should create more opportunities for positive interactions across group lines by using cooperative learning strategies in classroom. (MLH)…

Fujimoto, M. Jack (1996). The Community College Presidency: An Asian Pacific American Perspective. New Directions for Community Colleges, n94 p47-56 Sum. Analyzes the status of Asian Pacific Americans (APAs) in higher education compared to their representation in chief executive positions, describing a glass ceiling effect and common stereotypes regarding APAs. Reviews characteristics of chief executive officers in California community colleges. Provides strategies for increasing APA representation in college administration. (12 citations) (AJL)… [Direct]

Clayton, Obie; Holmes, Robert (1996). Old Problems and Shifting Challenges: Preparing African Americans for the 21st Century Labor Market. Challenge: A Journal of Research on African American Men, v7 n2 p79-94 Jul. Examines the factors which have led to declining economic conditions for a large number of African Americans, and addresses ways to improve the economic position of this disadvantaged population. The historical role of race relations and equal opportunity efforts is discussed, and programs shown to have had a positive impact on curbing the poverty cycle are examined. (GR)…

Miller, Carol A. (1990). Minority Student Achievement: A Comprehensive Perspective. Journal of Developmental Education, v13 n3 p6-8,10-11 Spr. Reviews current minority involvement in higher learning. Presents components of effective retention strategies, including administrative commitment, financial resources, student services, curricula, personnel, and timeliness of intervention. Suggests a comprehensive approach to improve minority achievement and redefines matriculation expectations. (DMM)…

Butterfield, Barbara (1988). Guidelines for an Effective Merit Pay Program. CUPA Journal, v39 n3 p25-32 Fall. The approach chosen to award pay for performance is not as important as the need to assess the organization's commitment to merit, the quality of the relationship with employees, and the ability to do a fair job. With careful implementation, merit pay systems can be mutually rewarding. (MSE)…

Powell, Jack V. (1992). Increasing Equity in Administrative Leadership: A Regents' Model. Equity and Excellence, v25 n2-4 p67-76 Win. Describes Georgia State Board of Regents's model for increasing the presence of African American in administrative positions in the Georgia state university system. A postdoctoral internship program selected faculty members with an interest in administration in higher education. The author's own participation is described. (SLD)…

Mort, Leigh Ann; Moskowitz, Milton (1994). The Best Law Schools for Blacks. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, n4 p57-65 Sum. Surveys highly regarded law schools to see how they stand regrading black enrollment, faculty diversity, and progress toward integration. Most of the 19 responding schools have increased their black enrollment, but blacks remain underrepresented in law schools, as they do in the profession. (SLD)…

Collins, Ronald W.; Johnson, Judith A. (1988). One Institution's Success in Increasing the Number of Minority Faculty: A Provost's Perspective. Peabody Journal of Education, v66 n1 p71-76 Fall. Eastern Michigan University's provost presents a perspective on how the institution successfully increased its number of minority faculty members. The article describes ways to retain minority faculty members once they are hired, noting the importance of total public support of opinion leaders and policymakers. (SM)…

Kuran, Timur (1993). Seeds of Racial Explosion. Society, v30 n6 p55-67 Sep-Oct. Social pathologies at the root of many racial disparities in achievement are serious and widespread, but at least frank debate on racial issues is emerging. Contemporary racial issues, including white backlash, are explored; and it is suggested that the eventual emergence of a multiracial consensus for cooperation is possible. (SLD)…

(2000). News and Views. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, n27 p6-66 Spr. Collection of articles examines such issues as the progress of black faculty at leading U.S. liberal arts colleges; black scholars in the press; Marshall scholarships for African American college students; white Congressmen endorsing reparations for slavery; how black voters can use political muscle to protect higher education opportunities; and improvement in the black-white unemployment gap for college graduates. (SM)…

Bok, Derek; Bowen, William G. (1998). Get In, Get Ahead: Here's Why. Trusteeship, v6 n6 p10-14 Nov-Dec. A study examined the college and later-life experiences of over 35,000 students, almost 3000 of whom were black, entering 28 selective colleges in 1976 and 1989. Results suggest that if universities were flatly prohibited from considering race in admissions, over half the black students in selective colleges today would have been rejected. Implications for race-sensitive admissions policies are discussed. (MSE)…

Chenoweth, Karin (1998). Poll Confirms That Americans Want Diversity on Campuses. Black Issues in Higher Education, v15 n18 p12-13 Oct 29. A recent Ford Foundation national survey found that 71% of Americans think diversity education does more to bring Americans together than drive them apart. Two-thirds felt colleges and universities should take explicit steps to ensure student body diversity; three-fourths want to ensure faculty diversity. Only 38% feel diversity is an excuse to admit otherwise unqualified graduate students. (MSE)…

Lum, Lydia (2005). Lessons in Inclusion. Diverse: Issues in Higher Education, v22 n16 p26-27 Sep. Dr. Wallace Loh still remembers the sting of hearing his high school teachers in Peru call him "el chino"–Spanish for "Chinese boy." Why didn't they simply use his name? After all, they did so with his classmates. They typically did not single out students of other foreign nationalities, such as calling the German student "el aleman." Loh had lived in Lima since age 2. He spoke Spanish with no accent, but he keenly felt that he did not fit in. As an educator, Loh has shared that story with many students, especially at the University of Washington (UW), where he was dean of law from 1990-1995. In that time, minority enrollment in UW's law school doubled, reaching more than 40 percent. The boom in minority enrollment was at least partly because race was used as an admissions factor for the program. Loh, who is now a dean at the private Seattle University, believes the practice of using race in the admissions process is slowly, but surely dying. The public… [Direct]

Grayson, J. Paul (1994). A Characterization of Areas of Racial Tension among First Year Students: A Focus Group Follow-Up to a Large Survey. This study examined areas of racial tension and racial attitudes among first-year students at York University in Ontario (Canada). A survey of 1,129 first-year students in 1993-94 indicated that the vast majority believed that visible minority students had been treated equally by professors, staff, and other students. However, the first year was experienced differently by students of Black, East Indian, Chinese, European, and "other" origin. Comparisons did not always favor those of European background: East Indian students reported the greatest number of out-of-class contacts with faculty and staff. While certain outcomes of the first year experience–self-assessments of intellectual development and grade point average–varied by race, these differences could not be attributed to race per se. Focus group discussions conducted with 24 Black students and 33 students of Italian or Portuguese origin found that 23 percent of the Black and 9 percent of the Italian/Portuguese… [PDF]

(1994). The Principals Institute Graduates. The 1992-1993 Follow Up Evaluation. OER Report. The Principals Institute is one of several programs designed to increase the number of minorities and women in supervisory and administrative positions in the New York City school system. During three academic semesters and a summer, students in the Institute attend classes and participate in an internship. On completion, students receive a Master's degree and become eligible for state certification in school administration and supervision. Thirty-seven (51 percent) of the 72 graduates (4 cohorts) replied to a questionnaire about the program and their employment. Eighty-nine percent of graduates had obtained certification and 15 were employed in positions requiring this certification. All were women: eight were African Americans, three were Hispanic Americans, three were Whites, and one was an Asian-Pacific Islander. Thirteen respondents, 8 of whom were minorities, were working in out-of-classroom supervisory capacities. Although only a minority of graduates became principals, the… [PDF]

Gonzales, Frank S.; Hayner, Claudia (1994). Cuesta College Student Equity Plan. Presenting the Student Equity Plan developed at Cuesta College, in California, this document provides background to the development of the plan, reviews plan components, and discusses implementation and evaluation. Introductory materials indicate that the plan was intended to create a campus environment that assures that enrollment, retention, and graduation rates reflect the ethnic, gender, and disabled distributions within the service area. Next, legislative foundations of student equity are reviewed and legal definitions are provided. The following components of the plan are then described: (1) campus needs assessment; (2) identifying institutional barriers to equity through surveys of students, faculty, and staff; (3) assessing equity for Hispanic, Asian, African American, Native American, women, and disabled students; and (4) setting valid equity goals and institutional responses. The last component includes tables of barriers and activities related to access, course… [PDF]

Mincberg, Elliot M.; Tatel, David S. (1989). The 1988-89 Term of the U.S. Supreme Court and Its Impact on Public Schools. In its 1988-89 term, the Supreme Court, dominated by a conservative 5-4 majority made possible by the addition of Justice Kennedy, issued a number of decisions of significance to school districts. These decisions of the Supreme Court's 1988-89 term are summarized in this study and organized by subject matter into five sections: (1) civil rights in the context of employment and other liability-related issues; (2) special education; (3) freedom of speech and religion issues; (4) school desegregation; and (5) school finance-related issues. In each section, the key cases decided by the Court, the lower court decisions the Court declined to review and, where relevant, decisions scheduled for review in the 1989-90 term, are summarized. A list of 55 cases discussed, including case citations, is presented at the end of the summary. (SI)… [PDF]