Marcus, Laurence R. (1996). Fighting Words. The Politics of Hateful Speech. This book explores issues typified by a series of hateful speech events at Kean College (New Jersey) and on other U.S. campuses in the early 1990s, by examining the dichotomies that exist between the First and the Fourteenth Amendments and between civil liberties and civil rights, and by contrasting the values of free speech and academic freedom in the university to the failure to provide equal protection to students. An introductory chapter reviews the precipitating events at Kean College, when speakers from outside the college (Leonard Jeffries, Khalid Abdul Muhammad, and Louis Farrakhan) polarized the campus. African Americans felt their cultural event had been treated with disrespect; Jewish students, faculty, and staff were upset that a speaker known for anti-Semitic attitudes was allowed to speak without confronting those whom he defamed; Hispanics saw a plot to get rid of the Hispanic president. Succeeding chapters cover changing U.S. demographics and attitudes; the…

Crosson, Patricia H.; Finlay, Cheryl Schratz (1981). Women in Higher Education Administration: Status and Strategies. Administrator's Update, v2 n3 Win. The status of women in higher education administration and strategies for increasing their numbers are considered, based on research studies on women and job structures in higher education, and from information on organizations and programs. General observations based on the studies include the following: women are underrepresented in major college policy-making positions and are clustered in low-level and middle-level stereotyped administrative positions; the problem is especially severe for minority women; women administrators are paid less than male administrators; the structure of the job market in higher education limits opportunities for women in higher education administration; and steady-state conditions in colleges and universities will jeopardize recent gains for women. Strategies to improve the situation may involve national and regional organizational activities and institutional practices and programs. Specific women's organizations and councils/caucuses of more broadly… [PDF]

Karlesky, Joseph J. (1977). Federal Regulations at Franklin and Marshall College. Administrators were interviewed at Franklin and Marshall College, a small private liberal arts college in Pennsylvania, to learn the impact of federal regulation on the institution. These issues were discussed: (1) what federal regulations affect the interviewee's responsibilities and which are of greatest concern; (2) how the interviewee assesses the costs and benefits of the regulations; (3) ways in which the tone and operation of the offices have changed; (4) what files or position papers might aid in analyzing the changes; (5) how regulations have shaped the college as an institution; and (6) how the interviewee assesses the administration of the regulations and their general consequences. A discussion of the survey results includes the following issues and elements: financial and time costs; regulatory costs and the institution as an employer; occupational safety; physical plant; legal costs; the Employee Retirement Income Security Act; the college as a nonprofit institution;…

(1997). Master Plan Policies for Illinois Higher Education, 1997. This document presents new or revised master plan policy statements for various segments of Illinois higher education. Chapter 1, on statewide goals and organization, lists goals for Illinois higher education, for coordination and planning, for the Board of Higher Education membership; and briefly discusses the organizational structure of public higher education institutions in Illinois. Chapter 2 presents institutional focus statements for public universities (Chicago State University, Eastern Illinois University, Governors State University, Illinois State University, Northeastern Illinois University, Northern Illinois University, Western Illinois University, for Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and Edwardsville, and for the University of Illinois at Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign); public community colleges; and independent colleges and universities. Chapter 3, on instruction, offers policy statements concerning undergraduate education, workforce preparation,… [PDF]

(2021). Racial Preferences. Blueprint for Reform. James G. Martin Center for Academic Renewal Today, colleges and universities use overt admissions preferences to create student bodies that reflect the ethnic, racial, or gender demographics of the population–at the expense of academic merit and preparedness. While the original aim of the policy was to end discrimination and promote fairness, it has led to unequal treatment on the basis of race, gender, economic status, and national origin. There is evidence that racial preferences not only fail to provide any long-term equality, but also hurt minority students, especially those whom it claims to help. In this document, the Martin Center recommends steps that legislatures, university boards, and faculty governing committees can take to end the use of racial preferences on college campuses and recommit themselves to nondiscrimination, equality of opportunity, and academic freedom…. [PDF]

Yatani, Choichiro (1996). Anti-Immigration Movements in the 1990s: A New Perspective in the Post Cold War. The United States has been through anti-immigration movements every few decades since its founding. A new face of the anti-immigration movement can be seen emerging from current events including: (1) California's Proposition 187, under which illegal immigrants are barred from public education and teachers are required to report illegal immigrants and their children to authorities; (2) House of Representatives welfare reform initiatives including student financial aid cuts and cuts in job training; and (3) various ordinances making English the official language. An important aspect of the current anti-immigration sentiment is opposition to Hispanic and Asian immigrants, as opposed to Anglo Saxon immigrants. This focus on non-Anglo immigrants underlies a larger conflict based on socioeconomic disparity, with children and their education often getting caught in the middle. The confused politics of liberals and conservatives as they address immigration and related issues, such as… [PDF]

(1993). B-WEST Regional Workforce Training Center. Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades. Employer Training Guide. This guide, which was developed during the B-WEST (Building Workers Entering Skilled Trades) project, includes materials for use in training and providing on-site consultations to contractors, managers, supervisors, office/technical staff, and others in two areas: diversity in the workplace and sexual harassment in the workplace. Part 1, which deals with managing a diverse work force, is divided into two sections. The first section includes the agenda and instructional materials for a presentation on what managing diversity entails, values that shape attitudes toward business and work, work force issues, the changing business climate, and sensitive issues in the workplace, and the second section contains a workshop plan and handouts from a published training guide. The first half of Part 2 consists of text, a 33-item bibliography, and a sexual harassment awareness test excerpted from a published training guide; the second half consists of excerpts from a 1992 employer's guide to… [PDF]

(1993). Faculty Handbook for Full-Time Instructors. Revised. Designed for use by full-time faculty at Illinois Valley Community College (IVCC), this handbook provides information regarding responsibilities, procedures, and available services. The first section provides a calendar of campus events for 1993-95, a hierarchical chart of instructional administration, and information on the responsibilities of full-time instructors at IVCC. This section also presents a chart of IVCC's expectations of faculty with respect to attendance and participation in campus activities, a list of responsibilities of full-time counselors, and information on tenure. In addition, this section offers practical suggestions for scheduling classes, a description of a separate handbook on minimum teacher qualifications, and procedures for obtaining competency status for a course. The second section describes campus support services, facilities, and use policies, as well as guidelines regarding professional travel, leaves of absence, student admissions/class attendance,… [PDF]

Sandefur, Gary D. (1991). Economic Development and Employment Opportunities for American Indians. American Indian unemployment remains high despite efforts by tribes and the federal government to improve employment opportunities. Persistently high unemployment among Indians has resulted in low family incomes and high poverty rates relative to Whites. Particularly serious on reservations, these continuing problems are related in part to low educational attainment and poor health among American Indians. Federal agencies and programs that affect employment are the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Indian Health Service, Department of Agriculture, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, and federal employment programs. Policies and strategies to address employment problems emphasize Indians as: members of tribes administered by tribal governments; members of a minority group; or members of a larger disadvantaged group in need of better education and training. The evidence suggests that strategies relying on tribal governments have had limited success but have been hampered by lack of… [PDF]

Scheetz, L. Patrick (1992). Recruiting Trends 1992-93: A Study of Businesses, Industries, and Governmental Agencies Employing New College Graduates. 22nd Anniversary Edition. This report examines expectations of employers hiring new college graduates for the 1992-93 labor market, based on a survey of 504 organizations. Survey questions focused on: anticipated changes in job market demand and hiring trends for new college graduates; expected starting salaries; campus recruitment activities; salaried employees in overseas locations; minorities, women, and foreign nationals hired for 1991-92; new hires with no experience last year; international placement programs; reorganization activities and results experienced; advice for new graduates who cannot find jobs; shortages of qualified women and minority candidates; anticipated change in starting salary offers; estimated starting salary averages; offers of \parachutes\ to new college graduates; campus visits last year and expected this year; new and emerging occupations; job categories yielding most employment opportunities; compensation plans and retirement benefit packages; characteristics of outstanding… [PDF]

Strober, Myra H.; And Others (1993). Report of the Provost's Committee on the Recruitment and Retention of Women Faculty. A committee studied the recruitment and retention of women faculty at Stanford University (California). The committee gathered data in four ways. First, they looked at Stanford-wide data on number and percentage of women faculty by school and department and reviewed faculty salary information by gender. Second, they compared Stanford data with data from comparable institutions for number and percentage of women. Third, they collected data on the experiences of faculty members through focus groups of a stratified random sample of junior faculty and young senior faculty; through review of questionnaires returned by faculty members; and through telephone interviews with a matched sample of faculty women and men, who had left Stanford in the past 5 years. Fourth, they spoke with department chairs about their recruitment and retention procedures and with chairs of recent faculty search committees about their recruitment procedures. Fifth, they gathered information on the use of the…

Libby, Patricia A. (1983). In Search of a Community College President. Designed for governing boards, search committee members, and aspiring community college presidents, this booklet examines different institutional procedures involved in the search for and selection of a community college president, and outlines relevant problems and issues that should be considered at various phases of the process. After introductory material highlights the time and money involved in the search process, two models for the in-house presidential search are reviewed. Based upon these models, a basic framework for presidential searches is presented consisting of the pre-planning phase; the appointment of an acting or interim president; the creation of a presidential search committee; board review and update of institutional objectives; determination of the president's role, job description, and qualifications; solicitation of nominations and applications; screening, assessing, and narrowing the pool of applicants; selection of a new president; and making the offer and…

Wharton, Clifton R., Jr. (1986). Public Higher Education and Black Americans: Today's Crisis, Tomorrow's Disaster?. Declines in high school and college attendance and completion for blacks, factors that contribute to this decline, and strategies for improvement are addressed by the Chancellor of the State University of New York. Black youth attend college disproportionate to their representation in the population, in large part because of the high school dropout rate. Blacks attending college are much less likely to complete a baccalaureate program than whites, and too few black graduate and professional students enter promising fields. Black women outnumber black men on college campuses by a substantial margin. Important variables in educational attainment are the self-image and aspiration of black youth and the pervasive stereotype that blacks are academically deficient. A broad-based effort to foster stronger, more competitive, achievement-oriented self-images is advocated. The role of the family and values such as discipline, hard work, and ambition are emphasized, as well as an important…

Como, Perry; Hagner, David (1986). Community Work Development: A Marketing Model. This manual is concerned with developing community-based work for persons with disabilities, particularly disabled workers in segregated settings and individuals who are considered not yet ready for or capable of work. The first part of the publication deals with the following topics: the concepts of community, work, and severe disabilities; the pros and cons of a two-client model; marketing principles (strategies for developing a business approach and product definition and development); provision of company services (assessment, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring); job positions as variables and job creation as problem solving; and organizational implications for agencies (implications for a marketing approach and for community programming). The second part of the guide consists of case studies of a manufacturer of small electronic motors, a bakery, a power company, and an apartment complex. Concluding the guide is a descriptive listing of 48 different services that… [PDF]

(1985). Guidance and Counseling: Ensuring the Rights of Students. Guidance counselors believe that all students, regardless of sex, race, handicap, or national origin, have an inherent right to make informed career decisions, and to manage their own lives. A variety of barriers sometimes prevent the realization of this ideal for women, minorities, handicapped persons, and ethnic groups. Counselors must address these barriers to occupational equity. These barriers include negative beliefs, cultural blindness, white male standard, occupational stereotypes, limited role models, lack of occupational skills, lack of career management skills, inadequate counselor preparation, weak career guidance programs, little adult guidance, discriminatory employment practices, and biased materials. Activities which may prove useful to address barriers include: (1) increasing counselors' awareness of cultural differences; (2) analyzing enrollment data to identify disproportionate enrollments in vocational programs; (3) ensuring that counselors can communicate with… [PDF]

Jeffries, John; McGahey, Richard (1985). Minorities and the Labor Market: Twenty Years of Misguided Policy. By analyzing industrial policy, this booklet reveals a long-term conceptual problem that has impeded progress toward fuller employment for blacks. The report introduces industrial policy; gives an overview of leading industrial policy proposals; outlines the employment problems of black Americans; assesses the various analyses of these problems; evaluates the efficacy of industrial policy proposals for minorities; and explores various policy options for improving the situation of black workers. Industrial polilcy fails to address black employment problems in three areas: (1) the nature of firms where blacks work; (2) the role of schools and training in the labor market; and (3) shifts in the composition and number of available jobs. Retraining programs, for example, concentrate on large primary firms and the short-term unemployed, having little value when the real problem is too few jobs. Growth alone has not solved black employment problems in the past, nor will it do so in the…

(1983). Vocational Education: Where Are the Minorities and Women?. The principal justification for the federal government's long-term and substantial support of vocational education programs is the need to provide opportunities for American workers, particularly those without marketable skills from lower income and minority families, to develop job-related skills. In recent decades, Congress has enacted several laws aimed at eliminating race and sex stereotyping in vocational education institutions. Based on an examination of the enrollment patterns at Milwaukee Area Technical College (MATC), it would appear that MATC perpetuates racial and sex stereotypes historically associated with vocational education in the United States, since females and minority group members studying there are concentrated in educational programs whose graduates earn salaries that are below the average salaries generally earned by MATC graduates. Therefore, MATC officials should reexamine their efforts to eliminate sex and racial stereotypes and to open up opportunities…

Pink, William T. (1983). Instructional Leadership: The Role of the Administrative Team and Student Achievement. In an effort to support the contention that the levels of student achievement and discipline depend more on administrative style and school ethos than on inner city location and/or social class, race, or IQ of students, an investigation was conducted of a single midwestern urban high school. The procedure consisted of observation and interviews of the principal, three vice-principals, and a representative sampling of teachers, individual students, student groups, support staff, and parents, followed by a review of documentation pertaining to instruction. Eleven separate findings are summarized, suggesting that the administrative style of this school is a negative illustration of the above thesis: student achievement scores are declining because administrative policy does not emphasize high expectations for academic improvement. This lack of administrative involvement in instructional leadership results from a lack of interest therein among administrators, a conflict in leadership…

Colfer, Mary Ellen; Corrado, Thomas (1982). Sourcebook: Disabled Student Services. Designed for use by coordinators of disabled student services at New York State two-year colleges, this sourcebook represents a compendium of ideas, recommendations, facts, problems, and solutions related to serving disabled two-year college students. Introductory remarks describing the sourcebook's purpose and New York's Disabled Student Project are followed by background information regarding concerns and resources, trends and projections, and barriers to working with disabled students. Subsequent sections cover: (1) the legal rights of disabled students as stated by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973; (2) identification of disabled students; (3) attitudes of and toward disabled individuals; (4) access and safety concerns, such as program accessibility, barrier-free design, adapted equipment and techniques, laboratory safety practices, evacuation of disabled persons, first aid, and access to vocational education; (5) instructional accommodations for disabled students…

Carey, Diane; Farland, Ronnald (1982). Child Development Programs in California Community Colleges: Status Report. Background information is provided on child development programs and services in California community colleges. First, the report outlines the current status of child development centers and the three kinds of centers currently operated (i.e., lab schools, child care programs, and combination programs); the number and types of centers in operation; the children and families served by the centers; and the characteristics and adequacy of the centers. Next, a discussion of the status of child development instruction programs includes a definition of these programs and examines the relationship between child development instruction and services, the certificate/degree options, the number of colleges offering programs, and student enrollment levels. Then, a rationale is provided for the continued development of programs and services based on a recent court case mandating such services; the need to promote gender equity and to create programs for displaced homemakers and women re-entry…

McIntyre, Chuck (1982). Comprehensive Planning. Work to develop and test new statewide planning and evaluation procedures for the California community colleges is described in this paper, which provides background information, outlines the proposed comprehensive planning process, and discusses the use of statewide priorities. A background section describes current planning and evaluation activities and underscores the need for more comprehensive procedures. Proposed remedies to the problems created by top-to-bottom planning and widely dispersed and ill-defined evaluation responsibilities are then outlined, with focus on a joint project involving the Chancellor's Office and the Western Association Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges in the development of a method for sharing planning and evaluation as part of the institutional accreditation process; and on the work of the Chancellor's Office Task Force on Planning and Compliance. Next, a prospective planning and review process is presented, which encompasses…

(1977). The White House Conference on Handicapped Individuals: Volume II. Final Report. Part C. May 23-27, 1977. The three-part final report documents recommend recommendations and resolutions and summarizes the work of more than 700 delegates to the White House Conference on Handicapped Individuals, May 23-27, 1977, in Washington, D.C. It is emphasized that the primary purpose of the conference was to give persons with mental and/or physical disabilities an opportunity to voice their concerns and vote on recommended solutions to problems. Part C reprints verbatim the recommendations approved during the conference and the resolutions affirmed in a poll taken by mail after the conference. Approzimately 150 recommendations and resolutions are listed for the following issues: health, education, social, special, and miscellaneous concerns. Resolutions cover such areas as national health insurance and planning, early identification and diagnostic services, and screening programs, (health concerns); preschool evaluation services, funds for vocational education, and enforcement of Education For All…

(1982). Confronting Racial Isolation in Miami. This report presents the findings of research and public hearings on the development of racial isolation in Miami, Florida. Maintaining that Miami's black community is isolated from the city as a whole, and that the sense of black isolation and frustration precipitated the civil disturbances in Miami in May of 1980, the report examines the causes of black alienation and the role of public and private leadership in correcting the situation. Identified as a major influence in the development of racial alienation is the urban renewal program which pushed large numbers of blacks out of their traditional neighborhoods and into isolated and severely deteriorated areas. Other manifestations of black isolation include high unemployment and a lack of access to job training and advancement, adequate housing, the justice system, and equal educational opportunities among the city's black and minority population. It is concluded that solving Miami's problems requires a coordinated effort of… [PDF]

Ladd, Everett Carll, Jr.; Lipset, Seymour Martin (1978). US Revisited. A Survey Portrait of the American Political Science Community. This paper describes the political science community in the United States, namely, its faculty, graduate students, and undergraduate majors. The study is based on six national surveys conducted by the Carnegie Council in 1969 and 1975. Part one, \Professional Status,\ points out that the economic position of political science faculty has deteriorated relative to professors in other disciplines since 1969. Political scientists are now among the lowest paid academic scientists. Furthermore, the disciplines are no longer attracting especially able students, partially a result of a poor job market. The doubts of political scientists about disciplinary performance is discussed in Part two, \Academic Assessments.\ Faculty point out grade inflation and students point out declining classroom relevance. Part three, \Educational Standards and Sociopolitical Perspectives,\ examines the changing sociopolitical views of faculty and students revealing a stable conservative shift. The final…

Hofferth, Sandra L. (1980). High School, Occupational Choice, and Sex Equity. Working Paper: 1303-02. A study examined the differential effects of experiences prior to labor force entry, primarily in high school, on the later sex-typicality of occupations and earnings of non-college-bound men and women. The study analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of the Labor Market Experiences of Young Men and Women. (These surveys lnvolved some 5,000 young men and 5,000 young women aged fourteen to twenty-four in 1968.) Through interviews that were conducted annually with these respondents between 1968 and 1978, information was obtained concerning respondent demographic characteristics, schooling and job training, attitudes and aspirations, and school experiences and school characteristics. Data revealed that sex-related differences in occupational choices depend upon differences in aspirations that predate high school entry. Schools serve primarily to reinforce sex-typed values as well as general and work-related values of parents and society. Occupational training in high…

(1975). Indian Culture Master Plan. A Master Plan for Enriching the Background of Public School Personnel in Native American Cultures. Recognizing that the cultural and historical contributions of Native Americans should be part of the basic education of all citizens in the state, the 1974 Montana legislature directed that an Indian Culture Master Plan be devised to enrich the background of all public school teachers. The plan was to provide means by which all public school teachers within 10 years would receive training in Indian studies and all public schools would be provided with a program of study that included American Indian history, culture, sociology, and values as seen by Indians. The resolution further called for participation of Indian people in the preparation and presentation of programs. Kenneth Harwood, a Blackfoot Indian, was appointed to investigate methods for implementation; assisting him was a statewide advisory committee of 45 members. Their study resulted in a series of seventeen recommendations that were incorporated into the Indian Culture Master Plan. The plan itself includes…

Lutz, Frank W. (1979). The Governance Implications of Deanship Selection: And Other Selected Thoughts on the Process. The dean selection process and its relationship to the political process of governance in higher education institutions are discussed. Data were collected from 31 institutions that were in the process of selecting a dean. Questionnaires were sent to selection committee chairpersons and members, and to the deans who were eventually selected. A model developed by Bailey (1965) for describing, analyzing, and predicting selection committee behavior was used for this study of search and screening committees. A discussion of the two types of councils included in Bailey's model–elite and arena–is presented. Analysis of the data indicates that the search and screening committees should be considered elite councils. None of the data indicate that there was an effort by individual committee members to represent any segment of the faculty, nor did students appear to have much influence on the selection process. Only a very small percentage of committee members were members of central…

(1978). First Annual Report of the Commission on Indian Services. Submitted to Members of the Fifty-Ninth Legislative Assembly and the Governor of the State of Oregon. Highlighted in this report is the 1976-77 work of the ten member Commission on Indian Services which was established in 1976 to compile information on services available to Indians, to develop programs to inform Indians of services available to them, to develop programs to make Indian wants and needs known to public and private agencies, and to assess Indian programs of state agencies. Background for understanding the impact on Oregon of the relationships between Indian tribes, the states, and the federal government is presented through discussion of treaty obligations, PL 280 (1953), and the policy of termination. Commission efforts to promote increased communication and cooperation among Indians, federal agencies, national Indian organizations and multi-state organizations are outlined. Summaries are given of the Commission proposals made during the 1977 legislative session on alcoholism program funding, burial sites protection, confiscation of fishing equipment, tribal police…

DeSole, Gloria, Ed.; Hoffmann, Leonore, Ed. (1976). Careers and Couples: An Academic Question. The 20 articles in this collection concern issues faced by couples in academe. One group of articles considers part-time careers, independent scholarly work, or intermittent employment, which may be viable alternatives for women with families or those who feel less need for a full-time job. The need for institutional policies to support part-time careers is discussed. Experiences with the dual career and difficulties of being an academic couple are discussed in several articles. A great role change, or the man following a woman to a new position, is described as are the antecedent conditions in a university which would not recognize the qualifications of the professional wife. In another article, a divorced professional woman and mother describes a career-couple conflict. In several articles, married academics describe the positive and negative aspects of sharing an appointment, a variation on part-time in which two people share one full-time appointment. Other articles describe…

Lyle, Jerolyn R.; Ross, Jane L. (1973). Women in Industry: Employment Patterns of Women in Corporate America. A research study, the book focuses on the type of jobs which women hold in large industrial firms and the extent of occupational discrimination which they face in the job market. To investigate the nature of occupational discrimination, the authors studied the relationships among 30 characteristics of 246 firms, of which 188 were industrial and 58 nonindustrial companies. Banks and insurance firms were excluded from the sample. An important finding was that industrial sector center firms, those with the largest numbers of employees and highest asset levels, practiced less occupational discrimination toward women than smaller or peripheral firms. Among nonindustrial firms, those with more diversification in output and with suburban locations exhibited less occupational discrimination than highly specialized firms and firms with central city locations. Extensive interviews with male and female managers in several large firms revealed that employee resistance to female supervisors was…