Kane, Paul L.; Silvestri, Marco J. (1975). How Affirmative is the Action for Administrative Positions in Higher Education?. Journal of Higher Education, 46, 4, 445-50, Jul/Aug 75. Discusses a study that analyzed responses to fictitious position-wanted ads of female and minority candidates for administrative positions. (JT)…

Garces, Liliana M.; Horn, Catherine L.; Marin, Patricia; Miksch, Karen; Yun, John T. (2018). Uses of Extra-Legal Sources in "Amicus Curiae" Briefs Submitted in "Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin". Education Policy Analysis Archives, v26 n38 Mar. As the political arena becomes increasingly polarized, the legal arena is playing a more important role in the creation of education policy in the United States. One critical stage in the legal process for such efforts is at briefing where "amici curiae," or friends-of-the-court, may introduce additional arguments for the court to consider through the filing of "amicus curiae" briefs. To explore the use of extra-legal sources by "amici," we focus on the 2013 U.S. Supreme Court case "Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin" and ask the questions: (1) What are the types, and relative use by "amici," of extra-legal sources cited in the briefs submitted in "Fisher I?"; and (2) What is the relative use of extralegal sources cited in "amicus" briefs by supporting party and by category of "amici?" Our findings reveal the wide-range of extra-legal sources used in "amicus" briefs, and that the type of… [PDF]

(1992). Richard J. Daley College Annual Report, 1991-1992. Focussing on the 1991-92 academic year, this annual report for Daley College (DC) in Chicago, Illinois, provides descriptions and detailed data on exemplary programs and initiatives, DC efforts to improve educational programs, the comprehensive support services provided to students, efforts in the area of community relations, use of fiscal resources, and human resource use and development. In addition, student outcomes are presented for the college credit division, adult learning skills division, and the adult/continuing education division, including numbers of course completers, and numbers of degrees and certificates awarded. Also, efforts undertaken to evaluate administrative operations, staffing and personnel, programs, and services are described, including a discussion of institutional strengths and weaknesses. Finally, goals and objectives for the 1992-93 academic year. Among the accomplishments and outcomes for the 1991-92 academic year were the following: (1) in spring 1992,… [PDF]

Byrne, Eileen M. (1992). Women in Science and Technology: The Institutional Ecology Approach. Volume III: Discussion Papers (The Ten Factors of Influence) Used in the UO WISTA Survey. This document is a "methodological annex" to volume I of the Women in Science and Technology in Australia (WISTA) final research report. The 10 discussion papers that make up this document deal with the 10 core factors of influence that formed one main axis of the study's theoretical framework for inquiry. A diagram illustrates this framework. The discussion papers were used to focus and encourage feedback from academic staff in the leadership of the scientific and technological disciplines surveyed in the WISTA project. The project tested knowledge and attitudes and sought informed opinions on needs and priorities by circulating a discussion paper for each of the 10 factors. The 10 core factors were then related to four concepts: (1) institutional ecology; (2) critical mass; (3) the perceived masculinity or femininity of disciplines; and (4) the constructed style and content of scientific and technological disciplines. The 10 factors and papers concern: (1) same sex role… [PDF]

Hill, Lance (1993). Common Ground Race Relations Study Guide. A Study Guide for Small Group Discussions on Race Relations. This document is designed to promote constructive dialogue about racial problems and solutions. Because racial conflict remains the single greatest obstacle for urban economic growth and political harmony, it is necessary to find common ground for solutions to racial inequality and conflict by opening lines of communication between blacks and whites. The discussion process is composed of 3 stages: (1) sharing personal racial experiences and beliefs; (2) defining the terms of discussion and the nature of the problems; and (3) examining 3 alternative remedies for racial inequality. Divided into 13 sections, the guide first explores what a study circle is. The second section contains instructions for organizing race relations discussions. The 3rd section discusses the role of the participant. The next 2 sections discuss leading a study circle in general and a race relations discussion in particular. The 6th section lists 5 goals for a race relations discussion. The 7th section… [PDF]

Scull, Sharon D. (1989). AB 1725: Human Resources Development Plan for the Period February 1-June 30, 1989, and Staff Development Plan, 1989-90. Both of the reports contained in this document provide information on Glendale Community College's (GCC's) staff development plan, including information on ongoing efforts and special intensified programs supported by Assembly Bill (AB) 1725 funding. The first report reviews the college's plans to use AB 1725 to supplement ongoing efforts to respond to the changing professional needs of instructional, administrative, and classified employees. The report explains that while GCC already offers in-service activities focusing on instruction, research, publication, team building, strategic planning, governance, campus operations, and outreach programs, the AB 1725 monies enhance these activities through the funding of consultants, lectures, conferences, seminars, and retreats. The report also describes the methods and results of a November 1988 staff development survey, which pointed to the need for: (1) instructor training across the curriculum for teaching oral and written…

Hunt, Todd; Thompson, David W. (1987). Making PR Macho: Reversing the Sex Gap in Undergraduate Public Relations Programs. The sharp decline in the number of male undergraduates registering for public relations (PR) courses has created concern that public relations is becoming a "woman's field" and will experience a concomitant drop in salaries and prestige. Studies indicate that male undergraduates perceive PR as being not well respected, as offering little or no chance for advancement in the business world, and as paying low salaries. Current public relations educators should put a new emphasis on training students (women in particular) to take leadership roles in complex organizations; should strive for a balance of the sexes so that "gender" is not viewed by anyone in management as an important determinant of the character of the field; and should actively recruit male undergraduates for the study of public relations, with an eye toward maintaining parity of the sexes. When Rutgers University (New Jersey) discovered that its undergraduate PR courses were composed of 25% males, it…

Hamre, William; Holsclaw, Mick (1989). 1989-90 Implementation of the Management Information System. For the past three years, the Board of Governors has made the development and implementation of the California Community College Management Information System (MIS) a major priority. Following two years of pilot testing with five community college districts, statewide implementation of Phase I of MIS is slated to begin in July/August 1989. Several critical findings regarding data collection and reporting emerged from the pilot project, including the following: (1) the new reporting requirements will need to be introduced over a two-year period to allow for thorough testing and implementation of new data collection mechanisms; (2) the Chancellor's Office needs to take a more structured approach to the development of definitions for data elements and reporting requirements and the clarification of the roles of various state agencies; and (3) additional staff are needed to ensure data accuracy, access, and use. Phase I will focus on gathering data on student outcomes, beginning with… [PDF]

Wu, Frank H. (2004). Brown at 50: Keeping Promises. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n7 p50 May. The story of Brown is compelling. Blacks and Whites alike understood that the Jim Crow system of "separate but equal" was a convenient fiction. There was no actual effort to ensure that Whites and Blacks were provided the same services. Invariably, the White schools had higher funding, better buildings, newer supplies and so on. Indeed, in many instances there was simply no Black counterpart offered, and Southern states actually paid to send talented African Americans to school elsewhere. Before he was appointed to the bench, Thurgood Marshall led the NAACP Legal Defense Fund in a lengthy struggle to undo "separate but equal." With a network of volunteers who were literally risking their lives, he traveled to often hostile courtrooms where they were successful as no other team of lawyers had been before or has been since. Today, Americans still face the dilemma of nice principles, and mean practices. They wish racial integration would appear automatically or…

Spriggs, William, Ed. (1999). The State of Black America, 1999: The Impact of Color-Consciousness in the United States. The economic state of black America has never been healthier, yet persistent racial gaps leave African American unemployment at levels more typical of recession for whites in the United States. By challenging the predominant use of race, this compilation refocuses attention on the effects of discrimination and on the lost term "institutional racism." In so doing, it helps maintain the defense of affirmative action. These essays reinforce the position that race is not a biological category but a social category, one that becomes a marker for creating or denying access to wealth. The essays are: (1) "The Cancer Gap: Research Needs of African Americans" (Brian D. Smedley); (2) "Family Environment and Intergenerational Well-Being: Some Preliminary Results" (Patrick L. Mason); (3)"The State of Black Europe" (Clarence Lusane); (4) "Color-Blind Redistricting and the Efficacy of Black Representation" (Ronald Walters); (5) "Unfinished… [PDF]

Sherman, Malcolm J.; Wood, Thomas E. (2001). Race and Higher Education: Why Justice Powell's Diversity Rationale for Racial Preferences in Higher Education Must Be Rejected. The assertion of the right of higher education institutions to use racial preferences in their admissions policies has been based on the diversity rationale that U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis F. Powell articulated in his opinion in the "Bakke v. Regents of the University of California" case of 1978. This report explores the legal and constitutional issues surrounding the diversity rationale in U.S. higher education, and the position taken by higher education accreditation agencies on the question. It reviews survey research of faculty and student opinion on affirmative action in higher education and empirical research testing the hypothesis that campus racial diversity is coordinated with beneficial educational outcomes. The paper argues that Justice Powell's diversity rationale must be rejected based on evidence from each of these areas of investigation. Part 1 shows that a majority of the U.S. Supreme Court did not reach agreement about the constitutional… [PDF]

Martinez, Katherine, Ed. (2000). FACCCTS: Journal of the Faculty Association of California Community Colleges, 1999-2000. FACCCTS, v6 n1-4 1999-2000. This document is comprised of four Faculty Association of California Community Colleges (FACCC) newsletters. The September 1999 issue is entitled "Capitol Comments: Read What Lawmakers Say about Community Colleges in Response to the Third FACCCTS Legislator Poll." This newsletter contains the following articles: "Capitol Comments," which examines how community colleges have touched the lives of legislators, why they think highly of the California Community Colleges system, and how they plan to help; and "Authors Debunk Prop 209 Myths," which demonstrates how practical affirmative action can be. The December 1999 issue is entitled "The Spirit of Advocacy." This newsletter contains the following articles: "Transform Partnership for Excellence," which sheds some light on the problems with Partnership for Excellence and why community college leaders must insist on changing; and "Transition to Trustee: A Faculty View," in which… [PDF]

Dervarics, Charles (2004). 'Change Takes Time' While the Names Have Changed-And Some of the Laws-Many Age-Old Debates in Higher Education Have Remained the Same over the Past 20 Years. Black Issues in Higher Education, v21 n9 p36 Jun. In the 1980s, a Republican president led a defense build-up in response to foreign crises, and his education secretary, chided the establishment on school reform. Legal experts debated the merits of affirmative action, while advocates questioned the growing reliance of students on loans instead of grants to finance a college education. Sound familiar? While the names have changed–and some of the laws–many of the age-old debates have remained the same in the years since the first editions of \Black Issues in Higher Education.\ In fact, some argue that the federal government did more for low-income students of color two decades ago than it does now. \We have driven down the ladder of opportunity,\ says Thomas Mortenson, senior scholar at the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education. A staunch advocate of need-based financial aid, Mortenson says such aid represented 86 percent of the student aid budget in the mid-1980s. The rate is now 52 percent, due largely to…

McKay, Robert B. (1978). The Decision and Its Background. The facts and principal issues of the Bakke case, some of the strengths of the U. S. Supreme Court judgment, and some of the questions left for later resolution are considered. Bakke alleged violation of equal protection provisions, since he was denied admission to the University of California (Davis) medical school, although his test scores and grade point average were higher than most or all the 16 minority applicants who were accepted under a Task Force Program. After a trial court and California Supreme Court issued opinions, the U.S. Supreme Court heard the case. The prevailing view on principal issues was that race and ethnic background may be considered along with other factors in higher education admissions decisions, and that Bakke must be admitted to the medical school at Davis because the procedures pursuant to which he was denied admission were invalid. It is suggested that the central message of the decision is an approval of affirmative action, and that the Davis… [PDF]

Sadock, Geoffrey J. (1995). Defending Literacy: With Particular Consideration of the Community College. The broad and highly politicized debate about the causes of rising illiteracy in the nation fall into three categories: nurture, or inadequate elementary/secondary educational institutions; nature, or arguments about genetics and the unteachability of Blacks and other minority groups; and social science, or the idea that standard literacy tests merely represent the injustice of the system. While each idea offers its own rationale, what is clear is that measures to reduce illiteracy must be more than cosmetic. Such measures, while controversial, include: reintroducing grammar instruction; scrapping bilingualism; constitutionally declaring English as the nation's only official language; reinterpreting affirmative action so that it fosters colorblind equal opportunity based on merit; re-establishing a canon of texts selected on literary excellence alone; returning remediation, \foundation\ learning, and differentiated degree programs to high schools; eliminating grade inflation;… [PDF]

Piatt, Bill (1997). Black and Brown in America. The Case for Cooperation. Critical America Series. It is necessary to be blunt in approaching relations between brown and black Americans. Whether African Americans and Hispanic Americans want to admit it or not, in many areas they are in conflict that simmers and is not usually verbalized. Yet the two groups have much in common. Both arrived in what is now the United States before whites, and both have faced discrimination at the hands of whites, particularly with regard to education. For the largest part of the history of the United States, Black and Hispanic children have been educated separately from Whites and separately from each other. Blacks have faced overt segregation, and Hispanics have faced the segregation caused by tracking and exclusion. Even when Blacks and Hispanics are able to enroll in a quality public school, the unequal enforcement of discipline causes additional problems. Affirmative action policies have helped ease discrimination in higher education, but these policies are under attack. In the future, it may…

(1998). Technology for Education. IDRA Focus. IDRA Newsletter, v25 n7 Aug. This theme issue includes five articles that focus on technology for education to benefit all students, including limited-English-proficient, minority, economically disadvantaged, and at-risk students. "Coca-Cola Valued Youth Program Students Meet Peers Via Video Conference" (Linda Cantu, Leticia Lopez-De La Garza) describes how at-risk student tutors learn to use e-mail, fax, and video equipment through participation in a video conference with other student tutors. A sidebar shows how the program supports Texas middle school academic standards. "Financial Aid: Challenges and Possibilities for Minority Students" (Felix Montes) discusses the increasingly hostile environment towards minorities exhibited by higher education institutions following court decisions weakening affirmative action, and reviews four financial aid and college information web sites. "Creating a Grade Book on the Computer" (Charles A. Cavazos) presents step-by-step instructions for… [PDF]

(1977). Last Hired, First Fired: Layoffs and Civil Rights. A Report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights. The effects of the 1974-75 economic recession on the effort to ensure equal employment opportunity for the Nation's minority groups and women are examined in the first section of this report, which documents the layoff of disproportionately large numbers of minority and female workers during the recession, generally resulting from the fact that many were only recently hired and thus had earned little seniority. It is concluded that the recession seriously eroded affirmative action gains of recent years, frustrating the intent of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Executive Order 11246, as amended, and other programs enacted to help minority and female workers narrow the historic economic gap between them and white male workers. The likelihood of continuing high unemployment and future economic slowdowns, which threaten not only vulnerable minority and women workers with low seniority, but many white males, particularly youths, as well, is analyzed. The social costs of such… [PDF]

(2004). Chronicle of Higher Education. Volume 51, Number 12, November 12, 2004. Chronicle of Higher Education, v51 n12 Nov. \Chronicle of Higher Education\ presents an abundant source of news and information for college and university faculty members and administrators. This November 12, 2004 issue of \Chronicle for Higher Education\ includes the following articles: (1) \The Transcendent Role of Chaplains\ (Schaper, Donna); (2) \Offbeat Director's Sophistication Isn't Always Accompanied by Emotional Maturity\ (Sterritt, David); (3) \Presidential Libraries Are Valuable Reflections of Their Eras\ (Nelson, Michael); (4) \Peeping Tom's Juvenile Jaunt\ (Showalter, Elaine); (5) \Seeing a Life through Biography, Letters, and Fiction\ (Walker, Pierre A.); (6) \Illegal Trafficking in Arms, Drugs and International Scholarship\ (O'Neil, Robert); (7) \Liberal Groupthinker Is Anti-Intellectual\ (Bauerlein, Mark); (8) \Liberal Arts: Vocation vs. Vocational\ (Stone, Elizabeth); (9) \The Butterfly Effect\ (Fogg, Piper); (10) \Shifting from West to East\ (Labi, Aisha); (11) \Does Affirmative Action Hurt Black Law… [Direct]

Williams, Albert P. (1980). Predicting Performance in Medical Education Continuum: Toward Better Use of Conventional Measures. Medical school admissions and performance in 10 medical schools were assessed in relation to prediction using conventional measures. The origin of the research was an attempt to determine the effects of affirmative action on academic medicine. For the 10 schools, admissions decisions were analyzed, and an attempt was made to model statistically what factors were used in the decision-making. Additional areas of analysis were the effect of the state of residence on the chance of an individual's being admitted to at least one school, the performance of minority and majority group students on the National Boards, Part I and II, and performance on specialty board exams, specifically the exam of the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM). It was found that only three schools fail to use the science score on the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) for admitting minorities as well as the majority. Data are presented that show admission probabilities in 1975 for two hypothetical…

Carr, Leslie G. (1997). "Color-Blind" Racism. Examining race relations in the United States from a historical perspective, this book explains how the constitution is racist and how color blindness is actually a racist ideology. It is argued that Justice Harlan, in his dissenting opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson, meant that the constitution and the law must remain blind to the existence of race because color-blindness was the best way to insure white dominance. The progression of racist ideology in the United States from its Christian form to its evolutionary form to the current "color-blind" form can be understood as a consequence of changes that have occurred in the means and relations of production. Chapter 1, "Theories of Ideology," explores Marxian, anti-Marxian, and semi-Marxian theories as they relate to racism. Chapter 2, "Christianity, the Constitution, and Slavery," continues the historic exploration of racist ideologies, as do Chapters 3 through 6, titled "Sharecropping and the Rise of…

Dawson-Threat, Janice, Ed. (1997). Transformation: Reinforcing Bridges to the 21st Century: Proceedings of the Annual Missouri Conference on Blacks in Higher Education (7th, Kirksville, Missouri, April 24-25, 1997). These proceedings present summaries of presentations and roundtable discussion sessions from a Missouri Conference on Blacks in Higher Education. Session summaries are: (1) "Measuring Inter-Racial Differences and Attitudes" (O.C. Bobby Daniels); (2) "Flight of the Maple Leaf Canada Economic Outlook: Impact on Women" (James E. Bell); (3) "Bridging the Diversity Gap Through Collaboration" (Floyd Harris and others);(4) "The Heartland's Alliance for Minority Participation (HAMP)" (Richard Presberry, Charles Sampson); (5) "African-American Students in Higher Education Conservative Institutions: Addressing Failure and Enhancing Success" (Mamadou Niang); (6) "Black Women in the Academy" (Constance Adams and others); (7) "African-American Students at Predominantly White Institutions via Networking: Understanding Your Rights" (Ernest E. Middleton); (8) "Five Steps to Cultural Pluralism: Advocacy for All Students"… [PDF]

(1996). Organizing for Schooling. IDRA Focus. IDRA Newsletter, v23 n7 Aug. This newsletter focuses on schoolwide approaches to issues of major concern to educators, from the perspective of providing equal education for all children. "Supporting School Improvement in Reading through Professional Development" (Rogelio Lopez del Bosque, Abelardo Villarreal) describes a professional development program that empowers administrators and teachers to take ownership of a student-centered curriculum that, in turn, motivates students to adopt new reading strategies. The program also builds capacity in the school district to initiate and sustain positive change. "Desegregation to Inclusion: Embracing a Full Spectrum of Diversity" (Laura Chris Green) discusses a full inclusion program in which teacher support teams and regular, bilingual, and special educators merge their expertise to help individual students and restructure their classrooms as needed for all students. "Alternative Schools: Short-term Solution with Long-term Consequences"… [PDF]

Johnson, Beth Hillman, Ed. (1996). Higher Education Collective Bargaining: Back to "CB" Basics. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. School of Public Affairs, Baruch College (24th, New York, New York, April 1996). This collection of 18 papers review the fundamentals in collective bargaining in higher education. Areas discussed include arbitration, grievance preparation, the collective bargaining process, diversity, technology, staff bargaining, and faculty and staff participation in employee involvement schemes. An annual legal update is included. The papers are: (1) "Higher Education Collective Bargaining: Issues for the 21st Century" (Stephen Trachtenberg); (2) "Higher Education Unions in a Time of Change: Collective Bargaining and Affirmative Action" (Terry Jones); (3) "Recent Trends in Collective Bargaining in Canada" (Donald C. Savage); (4) "Reflections Upon 25 Years of Faculty Unionism" (Arnold Cantor); (5) "Compulsory Arbitration of Discrimination Claims under Collective Bargaining Agreements" (Nicholas DiGiovanni, Jr.); (6) "Arbitration in Faculty Higher Education" (Nicholas Russo); (7) "Grievance Preparation From the… [PDF]

Floden, Robert E. (2004). "Brown's" Influence on Education and Education Research: "Critical Insights, Uneven Implementation, and Unanticipated Consequences". Review of Research in Education, v28 p1-184. In recognition of the 50th anniversary of the Supreme Court's decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954), this volume of "Review of Research in Education" looks at education research linked to issues addressed in that decision. In the "Brown" case, the court asserted the central importance of the government's role in education, and reversed the previous legal doctrine that had permitted "separate but equal" schools for Black and White children, setting the stage for court-ordered school desegregation in the decades to follow. The chapters in this volume recognize the tremendous significance of the "Brown" decision and the subsequent "Brown II" decision (1955), in which the court laid out principles for the manner and timing of compliance with the order for the elimination of segregated schools. These chapters also discuss research that has looked at both the limits on the effects of the decision and the ways in which… [Direct]

Mitchell, Faith, Ed.; Smelser, Neil J., Ed.; Wilson, William Julius, Ed. (2001). America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences. Volume I. [Proceedings of the Research Conference on Racial Trends in the United States (Washington, D.C., October 15-16, 1998)]. This collection of papers explores past and current trends among African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the context of a white majority. The papers, presented at the 1998 Research Conference on Racial Trends in the United States, provide analyses of racial and social dynamics and recommendations for future research. The book details demographic changes that have moved America beyond black and white into a complex multiethnic environment. The 14 papers include: (1) \Introduction\ (Neil J. Smelser, William Julius Wilson, and Faith Mitchell); (2) \An Overview of Trends in Social and Economic Well-Being, by Race\ (Rebecca M. Blank); (3) \An Overview of Racial and Ethnic Demographic Trends\ (Gary D. Sandefur, Molly Martin, Jennifer Eggerling-Boeck, Susan E. Mannon, and Ann M. Meier); (4) \Hispanics in a Multicultural Society: A New American Dilemma?\ (Albert M. Camarillo and Frank Bonilla); (5) \Trends among American Indians in the United States\…

Doucette, Don, Ed. (1990). Leadership Abstracts, Volume 3, Numbers 1-20, 1990. This series of abstracts from the League for Innovation in the Community College and the Community College Leadership Program is published approximately bimonthly and distributed to the chief executive officer of every two-year college in the United States and Canada. Addressing a variety of topics of interest to community college administrators, this complete set of 20 issues for 1990 includes: (1) \Beyond Affirmative Action: Leadership Diversity That Works\ (J. R. Gilliland); (2) \Staffing for a New Century: An Opportunity for Institutional Renewal\ (M. Jenrette); (3) \Building Communities: A Checklist for Evaluation and Discussion\ (N. Armes; K. McClenney); (4) \Renewing a Mature Community College\ (J. L. Hudgins); (5) \Leadership for Teaching and Learning\ (K. P. Cross); (6)\Statewide Articulation Cannot Be Done Tongue in Cheek\ (A. R. Southerland; And Others); (7) \Partnerships with K-12 School Districts\ (A. D. Arnold); (8) \Strategies for Serving Underprepared Students\ (R. C…. [PDF]

(1999). Postsecondary Education Opportunity, 1999. Postsecondary Education Opportunity, n79-90 Jan-Dec. Each of the 12 issues of this 1999 publication contains 1 or more analyses of postsecondary educational opportunities. Titles of the individual analyses are: (1) Parental Educational Attainment and Higher Educational Opportunity (number 79); (2) Refinancing Higher Education, 1952 to 1997 (number 79); (3) State Outreach Efforts to Students from Low Income Families, 1996 (number 80); (4) Why College? Private Correlates of Educational Attainment (number 81); (5) Refocusing Student Financial Aid: From Grants to Loans, from Need to Merit, from Poor to Affluent (number 82); (6) Metropolitan Status and Higher Educational Opportunity (number 82); (7) Chance for College for Dependent Students from Low Income Families by State 1992-93 to 1997-98 (number 83); (8) A Merit-Aware Model for College Admissions and Affirmative Action (William J. Goggin, number 83); (9) Changing Industrial Employment Effects on Men and Women 1939 to 1998 (number 83); (10) Hope and Lifetime Learning Tax Credits… [PDF]

Culpepper, Dawn; O'Meara, KerryAnn; Templeton, Lindsey L. (2020). Nudging toward Diversity: Applying Behavioral Design to Faculty Hiring. Review of Educational Research, v90 n3 p311-348 Jun. This narrative and integrative literature review synthesizes the literature on when, where, and how the faculty hiring process used in most American higher education settings operates with implicit and cognitive bias. The literature review analyzes the "four phases" of the faculty hiring process, drawing on theories from behavioral economics and social psychology. The results show that although much research establishes the presence of bias in hiring, relatively few studies examine interventions or "nudges" that might be used to mitigate bias and encourage the recruitment and hiring of faculty identified as women and/or faculty identified as being from an underrepresented minority group. This article subsequently makes recommendations for historical, quasi-experimental, and randomized studies to test hiring interventions with larger databases and more controlled conditions than have previously been used, with the goal of establishing evidence-based practices that… [Direct]

Felix, Eric R.; Trinidad, Adri√°n (2020). The Decentralization of Race: Tracing the Dilution of Racial Equity in Educational Policy. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education (QSE), v33 n4 p465-490. This article examines California's Student Equity Policy crafted by policymakers to "avoid an underclass of ethnic minorities" in higher education. We combine tenets from critical race theory, interest convergence, and color-evasiveness to qualitatively interrogate 17 policy documents including chaptered bills, legislative mandates, and implementation guidelines related to the reform effort. We highlight how revisions to the reform deliberately inoculated a race-conscious policy into an effort targeting all students. Over the policy's 25-year history, we found that policymakers continuously diluted the role of race and opportunities to address racial disparities in legislative mandates. Implications for this research emphasize the significant role of policymakers in crafting legislation that explicitly draws attention to inequities faced by racially minoritized students in higher education. It considers practitioners' ability to implement these policies in ways that can… [Direct]