(1976). Struggle for Equal Opportunity–Strategies for Social Welfare Action. Lutte pour l'egalite des chances–Strategies pour l'action sociale. In this report the concept of equal opportunities and strategies for implementing social welfare programs in Canada are discussed. Existing laws and services are described. Access to services and the extension of welfare rights are considered. Definitions of poverty, strategies for the redistribution of income, and obstacles preventing income redistribution are examined. The question of equal opportunities for minorities, including the French language population, native peoples, women, immigrants, and the poor, is viewed in light of government priorities. Strategies for creating equal opportunities in politics and administration and among geo-political areas within Canada are suggested. International cooperation in the attainment of social welfare rights is explored in terms of the Canadian attitude towards social development. (WI)…
(1976). Where Feminism and Ethnicity Intersect: The Impact of Parallel Movements. Working Paper Series Number 16. In the past five years, the Women's Movement and rising ethnic identity among white and racial minority groups have become facts of life in American society. Both movements challenged the myth of the American melting pot and the promise of \freedom, justice and liberty for all.\ The answer to apparent societal fragmentation may be found in an examination of the reciprocal impacts of cultural diversity and the Women's Movement. In its early years, the Movement's base was narrow, appealing to white, middle class professionals, and frequently alienating the majority of American women. But as the Movement dug deeper into all areas of discrimination, the fight for equal rights gained new adherents and new affiliations with organizations that focused on the needs of working class women. The Movement's impact is visible in such developments as the formation of women's labor unions, innovative education programs sensitive to women's special needs, and women's support groups in ethnic…
(1974). Learning Activity Packets for High School Social Studies, American Studies, American History and Low Achieving and Low Achieving Students. Course II. Social studies readings and activities designed primarily for low achieving students are presented. Objectives are to help social studies classroom teachers develop goals which are clear to students, suggest activities which work toward stated goals, offer evaluative measures particularly designed for low achieving students, and present readings which relate American historical and cultural ideas to the students' lives. Materials and activities are organized around the following topics: Constitutional rights, protest and dissent, political parties, organized groups, and influences on thinking and attitudes. In addition to describing each topic, information is presented on skills and tools needed for the unit and general unit objectives. Activities involve students in reading case studies, answering questions which are based on the case studies, defining and learning vocabulary words and phrases, discussing ideas in class, analyzing articles from newspapers and magazines, filling in…
(1979). The Yearbook of School Law, 1979. This volume continues the series that for 29 consecutive years has given a concise reference to the latest court decisions affecting the operation of elementary and secondary schools in the United States. This \yearbook\ summarizes and analyzes all of last year's state appellate court and federal court decisions and holdings that affect schools, as well as other significant school law decisions of record. These decisions–whether they concern employees, collective bargaining, pupils, or finance–should be instructive and useful to administrators, attorneys, school board members, and others who deal with similar matters in their own schools. The 1979 edition includes all cases relevant to public school education decided during the 1978 calendar year and reported in West's \General Digest,\ up to and including the March 1979 issue, as well as any 1977 cases that were not reported in the 1978 edition of this yearbook. Separate chapters deal with educational governance, employees,…
(1967). RACE RELATIONS AND SOCIAL CHANGE. BASED UPON AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF SOCIAL ASSETS AND DEFICITS, A NUMBER OF THEORETICAL FORMULATIONS ARE SUGGESTED FOR RESEARCH TO DETERMINE HOW NEGROES MAY ATTAIN POWER OR PERSONAL OPPORTUNITY AND STATUS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY EQUIVALENT TO THAT ENJOYED BY THE WHITE MAJORITY. PRIMARY DEFICITS HELD BY NEGROES IN AMERICAN SOCIETY INCLUDE LIMITATION OF SOCIAL ACTION AS A CONSEQUENCE OF SKIN COLOR, RELATIVELY LOW ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL POWER, COMPARATIVELY LOW FAMILY AND COMMUNITY COHESION, AND THE LARGER SOCIETAL ATTRIBUTES OF WHITE PREJUDICE, LIMITED NUMBER OF JOBS REQUIRING LITTLE EDUCATION, AND THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF LIVING ON A SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY. PRIMARY ASSETS INCLUDE GROWING POLITICAL POWER AND AN EXPANDING NATIONAL ECONOMY WHICH MAKE POSSIBLE THE ALLOCATION OF NATIONAL RESOURCES FOR RAISING NEGRO POWER. RESEARCH IS PROPOSED TO DETERMINE WAYS FOR CONVERTING INTO POSITIVE SOCIAL CHANGE FACTORS A NUMBER OF RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE NEGRO COMMUNITY, INCLUDING COMMUNITY TRUST AND… [PDF]
(1980). Models of Advocacy for the School Psychologist. A child advocate, whether parent or designated member of an agency, must be a representative of the child's interests and must ascertain that schools are performing their functions as prescribed by legal, social, and moral standards. The person best situated to assume the role of child advocate in the schools is the school psychologist. Several models of child advocacy are applicable within the educational domain. In the \personal advocacy\ model, the school psychologist remains independent of direct service delivery by connecting the child and family with appropriate agencies, and concentrates on enhancing the child's awareness of his/her needs, interests, and resources. In the \class advocacy\ model, intervention acts to bring about changes desired by persons concerned with issues such as laws affecting children within the schools, and identification and improvement of services required by exceptional children. In each model, the school psychologist functions as the bridge between…
(1980). Church-State Separation: Recent Trends and Developments. ADL Domestic Report: Law, Vol. VI, No. 1. LAW, v6 n1 Win. Recent trends and developments regarding the practice of religion in public schools are discussed in this report. Topics included are prayer, display of religious symbols and materials, holiday observances, weekend activities, distribution and study of scriptural literature, "parochiaid," and religious discrimination. The author concludes that the Establishment Clause of the U. S. Constitution has been breached with increasing frequency because of a trend towards more conservative attitudes by the public at large who are not tolerant of minority views; the growth of the Christian evangelical movement and its entry into politics; and the apparent willingness of judges to relax previous interpretations of the tri-partite test to evaluate governmental activity challenged under the Establishment Clause. (JEH)…
(1980). The Employment Interview: An Essential Selection Tool. OSSC Bulletin Vol. 23, No. 5. The selection of a highly qualified staff is important to the development of an excellent school. In this article, school administrators are advised in the area of personnel selection about preparations for interviewing, conducting an interview, relevant questioning, and the art of effective listening. A major contribution is a review of what constitutes a lawful interview and the possible repercussions of violating statutes pertaining to the interviewing process. Federal and Oregon legislative acts pertaining to equal employment are summarized and applied to topics that may be discussed at an interview with examples of lawful inquiries and unlawful inquiries. (Author/MLF)…
(1978). "Who Will Control the Minds of the Students" in Warsaw, Indiana? Occasional Paper Number 16. A chronology of the events in a 1977-1978 series of teacher/school board/administrator conflicts in Warsaw, Indiana, is presented in this paper. Newspaper stories, editorials, letters, memoranda, interview statements, legal documents, and minutes of various meetings are cited in accounts of numerous individual events. The events reported involve conflicts regarding the school board's removal of an individually guided elementary education program; the banning and burning of a values clarification book used in the high school; the banning of three books used by a high school teacher, and the teacher's subsequent dismissal; the dismissals of other teachers for nonacademic reasons; the school board-initiated search for "objectionable material" used in classrooms; the discontinuation of a phase-elective program at the high school; alleged administrator intimidation of a student who wrote an editorial supporting two dismissed teachers; and the complaint brought before the…
(1977). The Effects of Affirmative Action on the Role of the Employment Screening Committee. A selected sample of faculty at Bakersfield College was surveyed to determine their perception of the effects of a district affirmative action policy on the role of the screening committee in the hiring process. It was anticipated that many would perceive the role of the committee to have been diminished and would offer helpful suggestions for improving the screening and hiring processes. Thirteen faculty members with screening committee experience responded to a questionnaire that elicited information on number of times served, perception of the committee's importance and factors influencing its role, awareness and understanding of the district's affirmative action policy, views on the affirmative action officer's role, instances when the committee's choice had been disregarded, views on affirmative action orientation and future role, and recommendations for procedure changes in screening and/or hiring. Contrary to expectations faculty saw the committee as very important; they…
(1974). Commemoration of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., January 15, 1929-April 4, 1968. Revised. Developed in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., this is a short collection of suggested activities to teach black awareness in the elementary and secondary grades through King's philosophy. An introductory biographical sketch of King and an article about his accomplishments are provided. Activities are divided into grade-level ranges for the following areas: exploratory activities, developmental activities, music, dramatic plays, language arts, arithmetic, and culminating activities. An example of a music activity for grades 3-7 is to play recordings of spirituals such as "Go Down Moses" and have pupils interpret the words. An example of a language arts activity for upper grades is to have pupils write original poems around themes of bravery, courage, unity, and brotherhood. Suggestions for evaluation are included. Appendix A contains a list of some of King's speeches and quotations, an excerpt of "I Have a Dream," and parts of his letter from a Birmingham…
Public Policy Concerning the Use of Tests. The article identifies major events that have impacted on public policy toward testing during the last 20 years. Events were classified, and an interpretation of the interrelationship of events was made. Events were classified as stemming from writings of individual authors, publications of professional organizations, and actions taken by the Legislative, Executive and Judicial Branches of government. The publications of the professional organizations and actions taken by the three branches of government were described in detail. The writings of individual writers were acknowledged but not described. The major concerns of the initiators of events were identified as follows: (a) problems generated by the use of tests for making employment decisions, (b) problems of interpretation generated by semantic differences between the psychological and legal disciplines, (c) problems associated with and resulting from the impact of accountability on the test developer and user. A noticable… [PDF]
(1975). An Analysis of Discrimination by Real Estate Brokers. This paper focuses on designing policies to eliminate discrimination in the sale of single-family houses by analyzing the behavior of the agents who actually do most of the discriminating, namely real estate agents. Discriminatory practices are said to be supported by policies of house builders, lending institutions, and government, and by the prejudice of the white majority. The paper analyzes the racial beliefs and practices of real estate brokers in an attempt to understand the economic incentives that lead brokers to discriminate against blacks. It is argued that a broker's job consists of three steps: (1) attracting customers, (2) matching customers with listings, and (3) finding financing for 'matched' customers. It is then shown that at each of these steps the structure of the real estate industry interacts with the racial prejudice of the white community and of brokers to give each broker economic incentives to discriminate against blacks. The techniques used by brokers to… [PDF]
(1975). A Model of Discrimination by Landlords. One crucial step toward an understanding of discrimination against blacks in rental housing is a careful analysis of the landlord's economic incentives. Such analysis does not exist in the literature. This paper develops a model of landlord behavior under perfect competition when both black and white tenants have racial prejudice. This model provides considerable support for open housing legislation and some insight into the design of such legislation. According to this exclusion model, open housing can help eliminate restrictions on the supply of housing available to blacks and reduce the differential between black and white rentals. Open housing will not lead to integration in individual apartment buildings, but this result is due to the prejudice of blacks and whites, not to any deficiency in the open housing approach to discrimination in housing. Furthermore, the exclusion model indicates that open housing will not be a financial disaster for landlords, and that it will not… [PDF]
(1968). The Treatment of Minorities: A Survey of Textbooks Used in Missouri High Schools. Fifty of the most frequently used social studies textbooks in Missouri are evaluated. The focus of the textbook evaluations is the handling of racial minorities, especially the American Negro. Criteria are outlined for adequate textbook coverage of prejudice, discrimination, and minority groups in the areas of American history and government, world history, and geography. It is felt that inadequate and biased attention has been given to immigration, slavery, resistance to slavery, Reconstruction, segregation, black self awareness and protest, the discrepancies between American ideals and discrimination, non-Western cultures, and the phenomenon of race as a biological and cultural variable. The use of supplementary audio visual materials, and teacher self examination of personal attitudes toward race and knowledge of minority groups in America are recommended. Books about racial minorities for teacher reference are listed. [Appendix III, containing copyrighted reprints of newspaper… [PDF]