(1979). The Impact of the AT&T-EEO Consent Decree. Labor Relations and Public Rolicy Series No. 20. The consent decree agreed to in January 1973 by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the Department of Justice, and the Department of Labor was a milestone of EEOC enforcement. Large amounts of back pay were paid to women and minorities, and goals were set which, as interpreted, had to be met for the company to stay in compliance. This study attempts to determine the effects of this decree. The Bell System provided the information and the authors interviewed system officials and operating personnel in all areas of the country. The study begins by summarizing developments leading up to the decree and explaining the decree's terms. A projection is made of future trends and the effects these will have on the composition of the labor force in the Bell System. The study considered the implications of the decree on quality of the labor force, organizational structure, role of the supervisor, discipline…
(1973). Report of the Personnel Task Force [And] Report of the Selected Studies Task Force [And] Report of the \Student Oriented\ Task Force. Three reports of different task forces from the committee to study sex discrimination in the Kalamazoo, Michigan, Public Schools comprise this document. The first report, from the personnel task force, investigated personnel practices and working conditions in 1972 for the existence of sex discrimination. Questionnaires were distributed to 1,215 employees of the Kalamazoo school system, but only 392 were returned completed. They showed a great lack of awareness about sex discrimination. In the second report, the selected studies task force evaluated a selection of 13 courses for grades 7-12 in English, social studies, home economics, industrial arts, and business education. Textbooks were evaluated and some instructors were interviewed. Teachers did not feel responsible for changing any sex bias in their attitudes nor for constructively handling the sex bias found in 72.4 percent of the classroom materials being used. The third report, from the student-oriented task force, examined…
(1976). The Integration of Females into Male-Oriented Jobs: Experiences of Certain Public Utility Companies. Detailed information was obtained from ten utility companies and individuals in those companies regarding their experiences with the integration of women into traditionally male jobs. The results showed that efforts to employ women in such jobs were predominantly positive, in spite of negative attitudes and resistance. A great majority of the women in male-oriented jobs were judged by their managers, peers and subordinates to be performing at least as well as most men in their respective jobs. Women in blue-collar jobs were likely to have more difficulties in adjusting to, and performing well in, the male oriented jobs than were women in professional or managerial jobs. Recommendations made with regard to actions that can be taken by organizations of all kinds to facilitate the integration of women into traditionally male jobs include: (1) The program must be monitored by an influential central staff person or group in the organization, (2) it must have strong backing from key…
(1987). Recruiting Plans Found Lacking at Many Colleges in States Where Desegregation Plans Have Expired. Chronicle of Higher Education, v33 n34 p19,22 May 6. Federal investigators have found that many colleges and universities lack satisfactory systems for recruiting black faculty members, even after years of operating under court-ordered desegregation plans. There was also widespread dissatisfaction among black students at many colleges. The Education Department's Office for Civil Rights' report is discussed. (MLW)…
(1999). The Compelling Need for Diversity in Higher Education. The Center for Individual Rights (CIR) represented three white applicants who brought the two lawsuits, "Gratz, et al., v Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75231 (E.D.Mich.)" and "Grutter, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75928 (E.D. Mich.)," against the University of Michigan. These lawsuits challenge as unlawful the University of Michigan's policy of considering race as one of many factors in the process for admissions to the College of Literature, Science and the Arts, and the Law School. The University of Michigan brought together a team of leading scholars to serve as its experts in these cases to establish the basis for the University's argument that there is a compelling need for diversity in higher education. Thomas Sugrue of the University of Pennsylvania describes the important role that race continues to play in modern American society. Eric Foner of Columbia University (New York) describes the history of race relations through the lens of the…
(1979). Educational Information in Industrial Settings. New Directions for Education and Work, (Improving Educational Information Services) n5 p83-92. Discussed is the wide variety in the quality of educational information available to adults on the job. Few companies currently offer comprehensive programs of educational information and counseling, but several companies are trying to do more to help their employees find continuing educational opportunities. (Author/AF)…
(1979). Professional Education After Bakke. Educational Record, v60 n2 p137-45 Spr. In response to the Bakke decision, it is suggested that efforts must be made to enlarge and improve the pool of qualified minority applicants to colleges and professional schools. Suggested improvements in elementary and secondary schools and increased community efforts will help to alleviate this problem. (BH)…
(1996). The Pipeline for Achieving Faculty Diversity: Debunking the Myths. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper. This study examined the academic labor market experiences of 393 recipients of Ford Minority Fellows, Mellon Fellows, and certain Spencer Fellows who had recently completed doctoral degrees. Of the original 393 individuals, 78 percent responded to telephone interviews that focused on their hiring experiences relative to eight prototypes, which ranged from "sought after" to "never applied for faculty position." Based on the data, the report addresses and debunks five "myths" of the academic labor market and concludes that institutions can raise the level of qualified candidates by improving the search and hiring process, and by considering nontenure alternatives. The report sees opportunities for diversity decreasing in the future and suggests fellowships as a way to provide important networking links. Additionally, it sets out some strategies and principles of good hiring practice for institutions and suggests also that institutions provide graduate… [PDF]
(1993). Minnesota Study on Race/Ethnicity in Child Care. This study discusses the racial and ethnic composition of Minnesota's children and child care providers, focusing on the need for more multi-ethnic, culturally-appropriate programming for the increasing number of children of color in the state. A 1992 survey of 1,003 day care centers and 35 Head Start programs found disparities between numbers of staff of color and European-American caregivers. Center staff of color were more likely to hold lower level positions in centers than European-Americans. Among the nine recommendations intended to have an impact on the cultural appropriateness of the child care system in Minnesota were the following: (1) recruitment of child care providers of color; (2) multicultural training for all providers; (3) professional development opportunities for child care providers of color; (4) implementation of strategies for overcoming barriers to people of color entering the child care field; (5) collection of information on the informal system of child… [PDF]
(1992). Achieving Schooling Success for All Students. This essay discusses the prospect of utilizing well-confirmed knowledge to enhance the chances for the schooling success of every student in today's elementary schools through secondary schools. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the state of practice. The balance of the paper illustrates an efficient way to apply research and practical wisdom toward creating and implementing programs for improving educational equality. This discussion centers on findings from a recently completed synthesis of the research base and an analysis of consensus from the field on variables that are important to learning, which led to the development of a framework for systematic description of program features and assessment of implementation requirements and outcomes of approaches and practices. This framework, the Consensus Marker-Outcome Variable System (CMOVS), incorporates variables that are considered by professionals to be \important\ and \alterable\ so as to improve chances for students'… [PDF]
(1991). The Dawning of a New Century: North Carolina Community College System Comprehensive Plan for Administrative Leadership through Diversity Enhancement. A Report to the System President. Based on a nationwide survey of existing programs and literature as well as the findings from local focus groups and data collection efforts, this report from the North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS) presents a series of recommendations for the promotion and recruitment of minorities and women for the senior-level administrative staff of the NCCCS. The report includes information data on past efforts to recruit and promote women and minorities on the staff of the NCCCS as well as at individual community colleges; provides current data on the ethnic and gender composition of the student body, faculty, and administration of North Carolina's community colleges; and reviews hiring trends nationwide and in the NCCCS. Among the 26 recommendations presented in the report are the following: (1) each college should incorporate, as part of its Institutional Effectiveness Plan, a leadership statement, hiring goals through the year 2002, timeframes and schedules, and monitoring and…
(1991). Critical Issues in Reforming Elementary Teacher Preparation in Mathematics and Science. Conference Proceedings (Greeley, Colorado, October 10-13, 1991). The purpose of the conference reported in this document was to bring together national leaders in teacher education to disseminate findings and innovations in the reform of elementary teacher preparation in mathematics and science. The proceedings begin with a presentation of invited addresses: "New Curricula in Elementary Mathematics: What Are the Critical Factors?" (Shirley M. Frye); "The Reform of Elementary School Science: The Critical Issues" (Roger W. Bybee); and "The Integration of Content and Pedagogy in Teaching" (Hilda Borko). The proceedings then present 11 project summaries. Papers form 8 panel sessions comprise the main body of the proceedings; panel themes are teacher knowledge issues, special issues in teacher preparation, and institutional coordination issues. The panel session titles are: (1) Developing Teachers' Mathematics and Science Content Knowledge; (2) Developing Teachers' Pedagogical Knowledge; (3) Developing a Cohesive Program;… [PDF]
(1984). Why Not Me? Women in Non-Traditional Jobs. The WorkForce Series for Small Businesses. This guide presents ideas for dealing with women in nontraditional jobs for managers who work with young, entry-level workers in small businesses. The guide is designed to help managers (1) develop strategies to help them deal with workers' attitudes toward women in nontraditional jobs; (2) reduce adjustment problems; (3) build a cooperative, productive team of workers; and (4) solve problems of sex discrimination. The guide uses case studies to illustrate the techniques and ideas that are discussed. Key points are summarized at the end of the booklet, and a review quiz with answers is provided. A list of suggested resources completes the guide. (KC)…
(1986). Access and Excellence: The Articulation Challenge among Urban High Schools, Community Colleges, and Four-Year Institutions. The issue of educational access affects persons who live in urban areas more than any other single group in the country. The vast majority of such persons are black and economically and socially disadvantaged. A look at enrollment by geographic regions across the nation shows over 50% of all black students are concentrated in less than 2% of the public schools, and that blacks are underrepresented in postsecondary enrollments. These trends underscore the need to assure educational excellence within the areas of access, process, achievement, and transfer. To avoid the continuing trend of greater division between the educated majority and the uneducated minorities, there must be concerted efforts to build partnerships for the purpose of improving the access, opportunity, and success of high school students as they move to community and junior colleges and on to four-year colleges and universities. Specifically, effective articulation strategies related to curriculum, student support…
(1987). Second Annual Report of the Transfer Opportunities Program Covering the Period October 1, 1985 to September 30, 1986. In 1985-86, LaGuardia Community College (LCC) completed the developmental phase of a project aimed at increasing the number of minority, low-income urban students who transfer from LCC and complete a baccalaureate degree. During the year, the program had the following achievements: (1) linkages were established with the City University of New York (CUNY); (2) together with Baruch and Queens Colleges, LCC developed and implemented a joint admissions program; (3) contacts were initiated with State Univerity of New York campuses; (4) work with private colleges and universities led to various activities to help students develop a plan to pursue scholarships and private funding sources; (5) a second institute was held at Vassar College with 22 LCC students participating; (6) 57 juniors and seniors from six local high schools were selected to participate in the Credit Bank Program; (7) a Career Development Module was designed to introduce educational and career planning in the required… [PDF]