(1974). The Effects of a Structured Language Training Program with Moderately Retarded Children. Evaluated was the effectiveness of daily 10-minute sessions in a structured language training program (Teaching the American Language to Kids) with 72 moderately retarded students ages 5- to 13-years. Lee's Developmental Sentence Scoring of free speech samples was used as the pre- and posttest. Gain scores of 17 experimental Ss (students who had met the test's minimum sentence production requirement) were significantly higher than scores of 12 control subjects, and comparison of pre- and posttest measures within the experimental group also indicated a significant gain. (CL)… [PDF]
(1973). Employment of Nontenured Faculty: Some Implications of Roth and Sindermann. This report considers two 1972 Supreme Court decisions (Roth and Sindermann) concerning nonrenewal of contracts of nontenured teachers. At issue are the interpretations of the First and Fourteenth Amendments as they apply to violation of free speech and deprivation of alleged interests of \property\ or \liberty.\ Reactions of the education and legal communities to the two decisions are examined as well as subsequent cases involving contract renewal. Possible alternatives to the bare nonrenewal of contracts without a statement of reasons are considered. The complete Supreme Court decisions are included in the appendix. (MJM)…
(1971). Proceedings of the Speech Communication Association Summer Conference: Mini Courses in Speech Communication (7th, Chicago, July 8-10, 1971). The Speech Communication Association's 1971 summer conference provided instruction in the application of basic research and innovative practices in communication. It was designed to assist elementary, secondary, and college teachers in the enrichment of content and procedures. The proceedings include syllabi, course units, and bibliographic materials for the thirteen topic areas presented at the conference. The topic areas include: free-speech issues, language development of elementary school children; high school theatre programs; nonverbal communication; oral interpretation; developments in communication research; behavioral objectives; and production of homemade audio-visual materials. (RN)… [PDF]
(1995). Hate Speech and the First Amendment. This document is comprised of California state statutes, federal legislation, and court litigation pertaining to hate speech and the First Amendment. The document provides an overview of California education code sections relating to the regulation of speech; basic principles of the First Amendment; government efforts to regulate hate speech, which have generally been unsuccessful; Supreme Court tests to determine the free speech rights of public employees; court decisions regarding clubs, student activities, and the Equal Access Act; and the legal definitions of a hostile environment and harassment (sexual and racial). (LMI)… [PDF]
(2001). Computer and Internet Use on Campus: A Legal Guide to Issues of Intellectual Property, Free Speech, and Privacy. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series. The purpose of this book is threefold: (1) to inform Internet users of the legal ramifications of their on-line activities; (2) to help administrators handle specific situations or complaints regarding Internet activity; and (3) to provide guidance for the formulation of acceptable computer use policies on campuses. The chapters are: chapter 1, "Intellectual Property On-Line"; chapter 2, "Free Speech in Cyberspace"; chapter 3, "Privacy Issues in Electronic Communications"; and chapter 4, "Fairness and On-Line Dispute Resolution." A checklist of policy recommendations and guidelines for system administrators is also included. A set of specific recommendations for network use on campus concludes each chapter. Contains 54 references. (EMS)…
(2007). Sexual Orientation, Public Schools, and the Law. Education Law Association Schools are experiencing an increased level of litigation about issues pertaining to sexual orientation. This monograph provides educators and attorneys with a comprehensive analysis of this litigation along with practical tips for avoiding lawsuits in this sensitive area. The monograph consists of six chapters and addresses the following topics: legal rights of gay and lesbian students to be free from harassment and discrimination; litigation involving gay student groups and the Equal Access Act, the free speech rights of anti-gay students to express hostility toward homosexuality, and lawsuits challenging school programs that address sexual orientation. The concluding chapter provides helpful tips for addressing sexual orientation in the school environment while avoiding litigation. Chapter titles include: (1) Gay and Lesbian Students in the Schools: A Vulnerable Population; (2) The Legal Rights of Gay and Lesbian Students to be Free of Harassment While in School; (3) Gay and… [Direct]
(2006). Can School Officials Censor a Student's Use of Religious Posters in Public School Assignments?. ERS Spectrum, v24 n3 p14-18 Sum. Public school leaders must be certain that students' freedom of expression rights are not suppressed based on a conflict with their own personal views. School leaders must also refrain from regulating student expression based solely on content, unless there is evidence that speech content creates material and substantial disruption to school operations. This article focuses on censorship of a student's use of religious posters in response to a school assignment, which resulted in a lawsuit. Although the final ruling has not been reached, a circuit court's decision to return the case to the district level indicates the importance of students' free speech rights in the eyes of the court. Ideally, school leaders must attempt to balance the protected rights of students against the need to maintain a peaceful school environment. Furthermore, they must remain viewpoint neutral in addressing students' exercise of religious expression…. [Direct]
(1987). Voluntary Religious Activities in Public Schools: Policy Guidelines. Fastback 253. This booklet was written to help school officials understand the law concerning public forums and voluntary religious activities in public schools. Compliance dilemmas arising from the First Amendment establishment of religion clause and the accompanying free speech and free expression clauses, along with 14th Amendment equal protection provisions, are discussed in the introductory first chapter. The United States Supreme Court has often frowned on government actions appearing to advance religion in schools. Two opposing interpretations, "separation" and "accommodation," are thoroughly discussed in the next two chapters. The "Lemon v. Kurtzman" case (1971), while avoiding definitions, offers a three-part establishment-clause test that looks at secular legislative purpose, primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion, and avoidance of excessive government entanglement in determining the constitutionality of state actions. Chapter 3 details… [PDF]
(1965). Order and Freedom on the Campus. The Rights and Responsibilities of Faculty and Students. These papers deal with the nature of student-faculty-administration relationships and the resulting discontent and tension on college and university campuses. Specifically, they are concerned with the problem of simultaneously maintaining individual freedom and campus order. Frederick Rudolph describes the changing patterns of authority and influence in American academic history. Some rights and responsibilities of faculty are outlined by Ralph Brown, with the assumption that the two are necessary concomitants. Primary is the right and responsibility to cherish and exercise academic freedom. An analysis of the dismissal of University of Illinois Professor Leo Koch is presented in "Case Studies in Academic Freedom." The Dean of Students at the University of Minnesota discusses the rights and responsibilities of students, emphasizing that students must learn to assume responsibility if they are to gain additional rights. The Free Speech Movement at Berkeley is discussed by 2… [PDF]
(1992). The Federal Courts and Educational Policy: Paternalism, Political Correctness and Student Expression. The focus of this paper is the extent to which the judiciary sets the tone for freedom of speech in educational environment, and in so doing, helps define educational institutions themselves. In particular, the paper examines what the federal courts have said about the roles and obligations of educators when dealing with the rights of public school and college students. The paper uses the current controversy regarding politically correct speech to contrast the federal judiciary's different approaches to free speech cases at the high school and college level, both in landmark cases and in recent rulings from the United States Supreme Court and from lower courts. It focuses attention on the educational philosophy reflected in the federal court decisions. The paper begins with significant pre-1980 high school cases, then looks at cases that set the tone for free expression in colleges during the same period, showing that these early cases defined both schools and colleges as… [PDF]
(1975). Freedom of Speech Newsletter, September, 1975. The Freedom of Speech Newsletter is the communication medium for the Freedom of Speech Interest Group of the Western Speech Communication Association. The newsletter contains such features as a statement of concern by the National Ad Hoc Committee Against Censorship; Reticence and Free Speech, an article by James F. Vickrey discussing the subtle restrictions on the free flow of information and ideas encouraged by modern mass media practices; On Teaching the Bill of Rights by William Olds; and Freedom of Speech and Censorship by Thomas Tedford, a bibliography which lists twelve paperbacks for teachers and students. (TS)… [PDF]
(1970). Student Violence. This report discusses student violence within the framework of causes, issues, and false and true solutions. The author decries the abdication of responsibilities by both college administrators, who have permitted students to \do their thing,\ and leftwing students, who crusade thoughtlessly against educational institutions. Some true solutions suggested include (1) forcing radicals to grant free speech on campus, (2) encouraging administrators to write rebuttals to radical articles in the college newspaper, (3) presenting administrator alternatives for student action, (4) taking an offensive rather than a defensive administrative attitude toward student activists, and (5) punishing student misbehavior. (JF)…
(1974). Nonverbal Communication: Readings with Commentary. These twenty-two readings in five areas of nonverbal communication emphasize the most recent work indicating significant trends in research. The selections represent several perspectives, including those of Ray L. Birdwhistell, Allen T. Dittman, Albert E. Scheflen, Robert Sommer, Edward T. Hall, Ralph V. Exline, and Adam Kendon. Some of the essays are \Similarities and Differences Between Cultures in Expressive Movements,\\Facial Affect Scoring Technique: A First Validity Study,\\The Communication of Feelings by Content-Free Speech,\\Masculinity and Femininity as Display,\\Quasi-Courtship Behavior in Psychotherapy,\\Proxemics,\\Small Group Ecology,\ and \Some Determinants of Social Interaction\. (RB)…
(1971). The Fourth Estate: An Informal Appraisal of the News and Opinion Media. Aimed at helping readers become more understanding and more discriminating consumers of the information that the mass media provides, this book explores the rights and responsibilities of a free press within society. Subsequent chapters consider the medium's organization, the \disappearing daily,\ some weaknesses of the press, the objective-subjective reporting dilemma, ethics in the newsroom, the opinion and editorial function of the press, cartoons and other visuals, the impact of magazines, books and publishing, television news and cable television, advertising, public relations news, and conflicts among various constitutional rights and the right to free speech. (SH)…
(2008). Save the World on Your Own Time. Oxford University Press What should be the role of our institutions of higher education? To promote good moral character? To bring an end to racism, sexism, economic oppression, and other social ills? To foster diversity and democracy and produce responsible citizens? In \Save the World On Your Own Time\, Stanley Fish argues that, however laudable these goals might be, there is but one proper role for the academe in society: to advance bodies of knowledge and to equip students for doing the same. When teachers offer themselves as moralists, political activists, or agents of social change rather than as credentialed experts in a particular subject and the methods used to analyze it, they abdicate their true purpose. And yet professors now routinely bring their political views into the classroom and seek to influence the political views of their students. Those who do this will often invoke academic freedom, but Fish argues that academic freedom, correctly understood, is the freedom to do the academic job,… [Direct]