(1999). Enrollment Trends at Public Four-Year Colleges and Universities, Fall 1990 to Fall 1997. This report provides enrollment trend information for public four-year colleges and universities for the period fall 1990 through fall 1997. Several trends are highlighted: during this period, total enrollment fell 0.5 percent to 5.77 million students; enrollment of racial/ethnic minorities rose 24.5 percent; white enrollment fell 10.8 percent. The number of men enrolled fell 7.2 percent, while the number of women enrolled fell 0.1 percent. Geographical analysis showed increased enrollment in the Southeast, Southwest, and Rocky Mountain states, and the sharpest decreases in enrollment in New England and the Plains states. Also discussed is the impact on enrollment of policy developments, demographic factors, enrollment patterns, affirmative action efforts at the national and state level, and key judicial decisions. Presentation of the data throughout the document is separated according to institutional membership in either the American Association of State Colleges and Universities… [PDF]
(1978). The Minority Recruitment Program for Wisconsin VTAE System. Final Report. This final report examines the progress of the Wisconsin Vocational, Technical and Adult Education (VTAE) program to recruit and employ minorities for existing and future teaching and administrative vacancies. Recruitment activities in the vocational studies center are outlined, along with activities of the program's advisory committee and state VTAE districts. A list of resource information and contact persons is given. A recruitment plan development is examined for September-December 1978 and a program timetable for all of 1978 is presented. Another section addresses the needs, goals, objectives, and the timetable projected for 1979. The present status of program efforts is evaluated and major need areas are identified. Program components such as application procedures, intern experience and teacher exchange are examined. Performance objectives within the vocational-technical districts and process objectives are listed. Also identified are the roles of vocational-technical…
(1996). Academic Freedom and the Canadian University. Research File, v1 n3 Mar. A discussion of the history and status of academic freedom in the context of Canadian universities finds that over time, academic freedom has been expanded to include a broad range of behavior and a wide range of freedom of speech. Tenure has come to mean the right of employment until death, resignation, or retirement, unless cause for dismissal can be established in a court of academic peers. While unionization and collective bargaining are not necessarily antithetical to academic freedom, full-blown unionization, collective bargaining, and the right to strike do stand in potential conflict with the principles of academic self-government upon which academic freedom rests. The concept of academic freedom needs to be re-examined because the balance between rights and responsibilities inherent in the idea is under stress, and academic freedom must be balanced with the commitment of faculty members to high standards of scholarship and productivity in teaching and research. Academic…
(1992). The De-Valuing of America. The Fight for Our Culture and Our Children. This book is the personal account of William Bennett who formerly served in the U.S. government as the Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, Secretary of Education, and Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy. The volume suggests what is right and what is wrong with education in the United States; discusses the heroes, villains, and shirkers in the war against drugs; analyzes why race relations are bad and how they can be improved; why social and political institutions have deteriorated; how to combat \politically correct\ thinking on university campuses; and gives an assessment of the failures of modern liberalism. The book addresses difficulties Bennett confronted in office, ranging from government bureaucracy and political lobbies, to school administrators and academics, to the press and Congress. The book examines the role of religion in civic life, the importance of character and culture, and the contentious debate over affirmative action and…
(1991). Pathway to Diversity: Strategic Plan for the Cooperative Extension System's Emphasis on Diversity. Working Document. This document is the working draft of a guide to develop a strategic plan for emphasizing diversity in the Cooperative Extension System (CES). It begins with a foreword outlining the history of the movement toward increasing emphasis on diversity in the CES and an introduction stating the CES's commitment to emphasizing diversity. The next seven sections are as follows: a list of strategic goals; the rationale for emphasizing diversity; a comparison of Equal Employment Opportunity/Affirmative Action (EEO/AA) guidelines and the CES's emphasis on diversity; a description of steps being taken by the CES to become a multicultural organization; a mission statement; a list of CES values; and a discussion of the steps being taken to translate the CES's current vision of diversity into reality. The next section details the CES action plan for achieving the following goals: commitment to pluralism, environment for diversity and pluralism, work force diversity, audience and program diversity,… [PDF]
(1993). Women and Science: The Snark Syndrome. A great deal of received wisdom in the area of the lack of ability of women in science is still based on assumption, belief, or prejudices operating at the level of superstition. The "Snark Syndrome," a term inspired by Lewis Carroll's famous nonsense poem. "The Hunting of the Snark" was coined by Eileen Byrne to describe these beliefs that have no credible base in sound empirical research. The application of the Snark Syndrome produces the Snark effect. Educators and policymakers have internalized assertions from hearing them repeated so many times. The internalized beliefs are used to justify and implement major policies such as single-sex schools and the use of role-model theory instead of mentorship practice in affirmative action programs. The chapters in this book are: (1) Introduction: Changing the Paradigms; (2) The UQ WISTA Research: A Holistic and Policy Approach; (3) Institutional Ecology and Women in Science: Why Women Are Where They Are and Aren't;…
(1984). "A Community of Believers": The Atlanta Partnership of Business and Education, Inc. Second Anniversary Report. Described are programs sponsored by the Atlanta, Georgia, community which has accepted the "community of believers" concept espoused by the Superintendent of Atlanta Public Schools. According to the concept, the community at large must believe that each student is capable of learning, our educational system can teach students, our economic future is dependent on the educational achievement of the masses, and every person in the total community has a vested interest in the public school system. The Atlanta Partnership of Business and Education, started in 1981, is Atlanta's greatest testimony to its confidence in the concept. An example of its many programs is the Adopt-A-School Program, which allows business firms, colleges, and religious organizations to adopt a school or program. The adoptor and adoptee agree on what they can do together and draw up a one-year contract. All activities are student-centered, e.g., the Affirmative Action Job Placement Program, student…
(1976). Toward the Maintenance of Quality Graduate Education in Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Representatives of 28 of the 33 predominantly black institutions met at the Working Conference-Meeting of Deans of Black Graduate Schools, held in Washington, D.C., April 28-30, 1975. This report presents highlights of their examination of these nine major questions: (1) During these times of integration, compliance, and affirmative action, why the emphasis on black graduate education? (2) What will be its role in providing new career opportunities for its potential clients? (3) Is the lack of financial aid a problem related to maintenance of quality education at black graduate schools? (4) What is unique and vital about black graduate schools? (5) Is community service a high priority at black graduate schools? (6) Are resources adequate? (7) Are the schools research-oriented? (8) How can we justify increasing manpower production in black graduate schools? (9) What projected estimates for graduate education at predominantly black colleges and universities can be made based on… [PDF]
(1981). Legal Aspects of Child Care as an Employee Benefit. Revised Edition. This document reviews the legal propriety of offering child care to employees and addresses the post-1981 federal income tax consequences of a child care benefit. One issue at hand involves the legal mandate to promote equal opportunity in employment. However, not all employees have the need for child care, and legal questions have been raised regarding whether child care benefits can be offered to a select group of employees. Anti-discrimination laws are analyzed in terms of California state laws, Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, and two executive orders which prohibit discrimination and require affirmative action. Distinctions in the laws protecting against discrimination are noted, as is the maximum flexibility granted employers in California to provide child care benefits. Various types of benefit programs are considered legal, and selective availability of child care is also permitted under the law. The income tax aspects of child care benefits are reviewed in terms of…
(1980). Nontraditional Jobs and Training for Iowa Women. A Program Model and Final Report. The goal of the 1980 Employment Project in Iowa was to expand nontraditional career options for women and high school girls. The two targeted areas were Des Moines and the Iowa Lakes Region. Project staff sponsored three meetings to help 237 women explore nontraditional jobs and training opportunities. Two intensive orientations to nontraditional jobs classes were conducted for Comprehensive Employment and Training Act women. Job and training development for the two areas involved a job-fair and industry-agency workshop and job/training referral activities in the Des Moines area and a workshop on affirmative action in the Iowa Lakes region. Female craftspersons were brought into nine high schools to conduct simulation workshops, thus exposing high school girls to female role models in the building trades. Fifty women who completed three intensive orientations to nontraditional jobs classes were involved in a follow-up telephone survey. Data were collected on problems, successes, and…
(1980). Women in Theatre Administration: A Dean's View. Statistics reveal that only 11% of the 1,500 theatre administrators on United States college campuses are women. On the other hand, recent surveys have indicated that few women are actively seeking administrative positions. The situation is unfortunate since campus theatres and institutions of higher education need highly qualified, capable leaders–regardless of sex. For women who are seeking an administrative role and for others who might be induced to change their career goals to encompass academic administration, six points of advice might be helpful: women (1) should not lock themselves into doing only what they are doing currently, no matter how much they enjoy doing it; (2) should build faculty credentials and be prepared to travel the traditional route of academic advancement; (3) should insist that their own institutions adhere to the principles of affirmative action; (4) should make connections if they plan to look for employment elsewhere; (5) should decide how mobile…
(1974). Gender and Sexual Mores in Educational Employment. A Legal Memorandum. Discrimination against women in public employment may soon be coming to an end. Since 1972, when the Equal Opportunity Act was expanded to include public schools, the cause of women's rights has been gaining momentum. Today, although there are no quotas for women and men in education, many districts are under affirmative action mandates to move toward full equality of women with men. The recent cases cited here lead to the conclusion that any difference in treatment between male and female teachers will be regarded as discrimination and vigorously prosecuted by the courts. Such differences in the standards applied to the conduct of teachers outside the classroom have opened up other questions related to sexual behavior and sexual choice by educators. The old common-law rules permitted teachers to be held to high moral standards even in their out-of-school behavior on the theory that the teacher was a moral exemplar in the community. Recent decisions seem to indicate a departure from… [PDF]
(2005). High Court Won't Hear Race Appeal. K-12 Schools Are Free to Try Diversity Plans. Education Week, v25 n15 p1-23 Dec. The U.S. Supreme Court declined an opportunity last week to rule on the constitutionality of a school district's policy of weighing race as a factor in assigning students to schools. It has sidestepped a potentially thorny sequel to its 2003 rulings on affirmative action in higher education and left several lower-court rulings as the best available road map for districts that want to promote racial diversity with minimal legal risks. The court on Dec. 5 refused to hear an appeal in Comfort v. Lynn School Committee (Case No. 05-348), a lawsuit involving a challenge by parents to a Massachusetts school district's voluntary integration program. It was the first of several chances the justices may have in their 2005-06 term to examine districts' voluntary consideration of race. Although it is not clear how many districts have adopted voluntary integration plans, some are in districts that have been released from court-ordered desegregation plans and have since adopted voluntary plans….
(1983). The Reagan Administration's EEO Policy. The Reagan administration is committed to the principle of equal employment opportunity (EEO). No policy shift has occurred in the treatment of "class action" litigation, or in the "pattern or practice" suits in the Justice Department's Title VII enforcement activities. Significant money settlements have been obtained in "pattern and practice" cases on behalf of those victimized by discriminatory conduct. Statistical analyses continue to be used in determining liability, and from this it follows that the Reagan administration looks for discriminatory effects in the employment field no less than for discriminatory intent. The enforcement record over the past two-and-one-half years underscores the strength of the administration's commitment to equal employment opportunities. In every case the Justice Department insists that the prior discrimination be enjoined and that the employer engage in nondiscriminatory hiring and promotional practices in the… [PDF]
(1975). Colleges Responses to Community Demands; The Community College in Challenging Times. This work, designed as a sequel to \A Constant Variable\ (Cohen and Associates, 1971), is intended for the same audience–administrators, trustees, counselors, and instructors in community colleges, university professors of higher education, and graduate students preparing for work in community colleges. The book describes the external and internal pressures operating on community colleges. The external pressures are societal forces such as state-level commission and coordinating councils that mandate institutional roles, financial structures, and curriculum and instructional patterns. The internal pressures are the preexisting institutional forms and the personal predelictions of the staff and students. Attention is focused on the intersection of these pressures, the points where external forces meet internal counterpressures. The book is arranged in three parts: (1) Social Forces Intrude (State Influence Grows; Collective Bargaining Impinges on Management; Free Tuition Faces Its…