(1975). Cultural Diversity, the Law, and Teacher Education. California Journal of Teacher Education, 2, 3, 43-8, Win 75. …
(1969). Citizenship Education. Clearing House, 43, 6, 355-357, 69 Feb. …
(1969). Education and Human Rights. Nat Elem Princ, 48, 3, 33-40, 69 Jan. This article is based on a speech to the Assembly of the World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession (17th, Dublin, Ireland, July 23, 1968)….
(1980). How to Get Services by Being Assertive. For Parents of Handicapped Children and Their Helpers. The handbook presents exercises to help parents of handicapped children become more assertive in securing services for their children. An introductory section explains the basic premises of the handbook: (1) that parents are equal partners with professionals; (2) that parents are the authority on their child; and (3) that parents have 10 specific rights, including rights to question decisions regarding their child and to make mistakes without feeling guilty. Assertive and nonassertive behaviors are contrasted. A second section is devoted to developing positive attitudes while eliminating negative ones, and contains chapters with titles such as \How to Get Rid of the Shakes and Put Punch in Your Speeches\ and \How to Put Down the Put Down.\ The third section, on assertiveness at special education meetings, discusses the parents' role in individualized education program meetings and due process hearings. Assertiveness exercises follow which focus on dealing with the bureaucracy…
(1978). Asians in the Mainstream. Keynote Address. In order for Asians to progress in American society, they must commit themselves to total participation in the mainstream of the culture while preserving their own special cultural identity. Asian unity in strategies for civil and cultural advancement at the local level must not become clouded by excessive involvement in international politics. With unity, such as that provided by the Northern California Asian Leadership Council to increase interchange among Asian leaders, the influence and impact of Asians will increase. However, Asians must become less politically apathetic and must involve themselves in elections and in such groups as the Chinese for Affirmative Action and the various Asian professional groups. Asians must also join with other minority groups with similar interests to combat poverty, discrimination, urban problems, legislative injustice, and educational and employment inequalities. Asian groups must make sure that strong affirmative action policies are not only…
(1978). Title VII ESEA and "Lau v. Nichols" Compliance: Towards an Articulated Approach. Draft. The Supreme Court's decision in "Lau v. Nichols," Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and other related federal legislation are all directed toward promotion of equal educational opportunity for children whose primary language is not English. These efforts are not well-coordinated by the federal agencies charged with overseeing bilingual educational opportunity programs, which are rarely either well-defined or well-monitored. A coordinated effort must be structured and jurisdiction assigned to appropriate agencies before the final details of an articulated program of cooperation can be worked out. First, funding sources should be connected under a single official, so that the various efforts are no longer seen as mere additions to other programs. Second, funding eligibility criteria relating to the "Lau" decision should be developed for districts seeking Title VII funds. Third, some requirements for receiving funds should be placed on the… [PDF]
(1979). Testing Cases under Title VII. This paper discusses Congressional and judicial attempts to deal with the problem of employment practices which lead to discriminatory outcomes but which may not be discriminatory in intent. The use of paper and pencil tests as standards for hiring and promotion is focused on as an example of this type of employment practice. An historical account of the passage of Title VII and a description of Federal court interpretations of the law are presented. The author states that although Title VII does not explicitly forbid employment practices which are discriminatory in effect if they are not discriminatory in intent, the courts have generally ruled that tests used as standards for hiring and promotion have a discriminatory impact and that firms must be able to prove that their tests bear a "manifest relationship to the employment in question." It is found that, in the majority of cases, courts have rejected respondents' attempts to prove the validity of their testing… [PDF]
(1963). SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS CONFERENCE ON THE PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC SCHOOL DESEGREGATION. THE PURPOSE WAS TO CLARIFY THE ROLE OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN MITIGATING THE EFFECTS OF DE FACTO SEGREGATION. EFFORTS WERE MADE TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE GUIDELINES FOR STUDY, BASIC AREAS OF CONFLICT OR DISAGREEMENT, AND SOME POSSIBLE COURSES OF ACTION. THREE GROUPS WERE REPRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE–A GROUP OF SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS, A GROUP REPRESENTING FEDERAL AGENCIES, AND A GROUP OF NEGRO LEADERS. FEDERAL ORGANIZATION REPRESENTATIVES EXPLAINED THEIR ROLE AS INSTIGATING AND UNDERWRITING RESEARCH, PROVIDING NEW LEGISLATION, AND EVENLY APPLYING LAWS PREVIOUSLY PASSED. THEY ALSO NOTED THAT RACE PROBLEMS COULD NOT BE SOLVED WITHOUT SOLVING SCHOOL PROBLEMS. NEGRO REPRESENTATIVES FELT THAT A BASIC UNDERSTANDING AND COMMITMENT WAS MISSING IN THE ATTEMPTS TO PROVIDE RACIAL EQUALITY IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS. THE NAACP URGED THE ABOLITION OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD SCHOOL, THE CREATION OF LARGE EDUCATIONAL PARKS, AND A DEFINITE STAEMENT OF POLICY BY THE LOCAL SCHOOL BOARDS. THESE ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS SHOULD…
(1980). Desegregation in the 80's: Concerns and Challenges for Public Education. The underlying reason for the failure of United States schools to provide equal educational opportunity to black children can be found in the Brown v Board of Education decision, which was unwanted and written from the perspective that blacks are an inferior group. This discriminatory basis has caused resistance to school desegregation economically, politically, and socially. Statistics demonstrate that reluctant integration has resulted in a loss of role models and leadership positions within schools for black students. Change will be effected only if the underlying assumption that differences imply superior and inferior groups is abandoned. Americans should reaffirm their respect for human dignity and recommit themselves to American principles of the equality and inalienable rights of all human beings. (MK)… [PDF]
(1979). State Leadership in School Desegregation. Regardless of the lack of racial justice in housing and employment, American democracy cannot tolerate discrimination in its public schools if it is to honor its traditions as a country. State bodies must make clear their position on school desegregation and establish that desegregation is wrong legally and educationally. Sanction must be imposed upon those who attempt to avoid desegregation after due process establishes a violation. There must be technical assistance to design and analyze desegregation plans. Financial incentives must be provided in the form of special State aid for desegregation plans. There is a need to promote the educational value of giving urban children and children in suburban school districts mutual opportunities to know and learn with children of another race or background. State assistance with problems of racial or ethnic imbalance in public schools must be provided and quality integrated education must be provided once desegregation is accomplished. The…
(1978). A Working Woman's Guide To Her Job Rights. Leaflet 55. This leaflet presents general information about legislation that affects women when they are seeking a job, while they are on the job, and when they retire. Emphasis is on Federal laws as of November, 1978. Some of the topics include employment services, protection against sex and age discrimination, minimum wages and overtime pay, discrimination in promotion, joining or not joining a union, and social security benefits. Also included is a list of sources to use when assistance from State or Federal agencies is necessary, as well as sample complaint forms. (PJC)… [PDF]
(1976). The Continuing Effort for Women's Rights. UNESCO Features, No. 697. Interviews with five women prominent in their countries are presented in this newsletter. The topic is the progress of women in achieving equal rights and opportunities. The five women talked about how they see women's situation and future in their respective countries. Interviewed were an Indian economist, an English educationalist, a Senegalese nutritionist, a French lawyer, and a Ghanaian professor of linguistics. (JD)…
(1978). Rights to What? A Brief Look at \Affirmative Discrimination.\. The movement to undo the damage of American racism and to establish the conditions for genuine racial equality has lost its momentum, both in the academic community and in the Congress. The prevailing academic caution with regard to busing and affirmative action is best articulated by Nathan Glazer in his book \Affirmative Discrimination,\ which details the problems inherent in equal opportunity programs. His argument centers around the idea that quotas, racial percentages, and group rights not only discriminate against the individual, but are also un-American. Although the rights of individuals are important, individualism alone cannot provide the basis for institutional changes necessary to eradicate the effects of past discrimination and set the stage for genuine equality in the future. To end discrimination, we need women and minorities in positions of power, competence and control, not because these positions represent opportunities for individuals, but because this is the best…
(1975). Free Speech Yearbook, 1974. A collection of essays on free speech and communication is contained in this book. The essays include "From Fairness to Access and Back Again: Some Dimensions of Free Expression in Broadcasting"; "Local Option on the First Amendment?"; "A Look at the Fire Symbol Before and After May 4, 1970"; "Freedom to Teach, to Learn, and to Speak: Rhetorical Considerations"; "Julian Bond: A Case Study in a Legislator's Freedom of Speech"; "Philosophical Assumptions Underlying Plato's Theory of Freedom of Speech: A Comparison with the Theory of Democratic Individualism"; "The Watergate Scandal and the Mass Media: The Early Phases"; "On Citizenship and Technocracy"; "The Supreme Court and the First Amendment: 1973-1974"; and "Freedom of Speech Bibliography: July 1973-June 1974." (TS)… [PDF]
(1974). The New Haven Department of Education Affirmative Action Plan 1974. The New Haven public schools affirmative action report contains statements of purpose, policy, and responsibility in conjunction with a plan of action to ensure that job applicants and employees receive fair consideration without regard to their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The goals and timetables established will rectify underutilization of minorities, and women and will be subject to periodic evaluation. (Author/DW)… [PDF]